Django REST框架：验证Serialiser列表更新（PUT），两个字段上没有pk和唯一索引

我花了几天的时间在这方面，并在房子周围阅读（我有好几次rtfm…也许我还不了解tfm）。接近一些答案，我担心最终问题在于我对Django/Serilizers（sic）如何工作的了解

我将从我的基本问题开始，让事情变得简单，而不是我为使其工作所做的任何尝试

我正在尝试执行以下操作：

（工作）从Django rest_框架API获取值列表 基于双索引，其中一个字段在URL中传递 （control_sys）并传入第二个字段的多个值 （JSON）提交给API的数据（transactionID）

（不工作）基于相同的值更新（放置）值列表 逻辑为GET（如上）

（还没有到这一步）创建（发布）基于 与GET相同的逻辑（如上）

如图所示，GET语句正在工作。视图正在根据在URL中传递的TransactionID列表和控件sys（sysID）检索查询集。它将此消息传递给serialiser，并通过API返回数据

更新（PUT）不工作。我的问题似乎是，我没有将模型的pk（id字段）传递给API，并且它在发布到API的数据中不可用。相反，我需要以与GET语句相同的方式检索查询集，并将其传递给更新，在尝试验证seriliser时，会出现以下错误：

AttributeError:'QuerySet'对象没有属性'pk'

验证器在的第155行上提出的

我很困惑，因为我已经检查过了，queryset中的每个项目都有一个值id（当我引用pk时返回）。我还尝试更新视图中的数据以附加pk/id值，但没有效果

我正在传递'many=True'，以便seriliser知道它正在接收的是查询集，而不是单个模型实例

迄今为止，我已尝试：

将id和pk追加到request.data

使用required=True/False和read_only=True/False将id和pk显式添加到seriliser的各种尝试

子类化ListSerializer并使用META:list_serializer_类控制Serialiser的工作方式

我知道验证失败了，但我不知道如何解决这个问题

欢迎提出任何建议

下面是一些参考信息。。。我会根据要求发布更多

型号：

 ## Comms Queue
class CommsQueue(models.Model):
    # primary key
    # foreign key
    control_sys = models.IntegerField("Control system foreign key (passive)", blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    meter = models.IntegerField("Meter foreign key (passive)", blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    # string
    data = models.CharField("Comm data", max_length=200, blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    # int
    transactionID = models.BigIntegerField("Comms Transaction ID", blank=True, null=False)
    source = models.IntegerField("Originating source for event", blank=True, null=False)
    target = models.IntegerField("Target destination for event", blank=True, null=False, db_index=True)
    priority = models.IntegerField("Comms priority", blank=True, default=0)
    # url
    URI = models.URLField("Comm URI",max_length=200, blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    # bool
    #comm_send = models.BooleanField("Event requires uplink/downlink", blank=False, default=True) # TODO delete?
    comm_sent = models.BooleanField("Uplink/Downlink sent", blank=True, default=False)
    complete_req = models.BooleanField("Require completion notice", blank=True, default=False)
    complete = models.BooleanField("Event complete", blank=True, default=False)
    # date
    create_date = models.DateTimeField("Date created", auto_now=False, auto_now_add=True)
    last_date = models.DateTimeField("Date accessed", auto_now=True, auto_now_add=False)

    class Meta:
        unique_together = (("control_sys","transactionID"),)
        index_together = [("control_sys","transactionID"),]

    def __unicode__(self):
        return "Transaction ID: %s, Complete: %s" % (str(self.transactionID), str(self.complete))

CommsSerialiser(<QuerySet[
    <CommsQueue: TransactionID: 313011,
    Complete: False>,
    <CommsQueue: TransactionID: 313013,
    Complete: False>,
    <CommsQueue: TransactionID: 313102,
    Complete: False>
]>,
context={
    u'request': <rest_framework.request.Requestobject>
},
data=[
    {
        u'control_sys': 710017,
        u'complete': 1,
        u'data': u'"{data innit}"',
        u'URI': u'http: //172.16.32.40: 8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313102/',
        u'transactionID': 313102,
        u'complete_req': 1
    },
    {
        u'control_sys': 710017,
        u'complete': 1,
        u'data': u'"{data innit}"',
        u'URI': u'http: //172.16.32.40: 8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313011/',
        u'transactionID': 313011,
        u'complete_req': 1
    },
    {
        u'control_sys': 710017,
        u'complete': 1,
        u'data': u'"{data arg}"',
        u'URI': u'http: //172.16.32.40: 8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313013/',
        u'transactionID': 313013,
        u'complete_req': 1
    }
],
many=True): 
    control_sys = IntegerField(allow_null=True, label='Control system foreign key (passive)', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    meter = IntegerField(allow_null=True, label='Meter foreign key (passive)', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    data = CharField(allow_blank=True, allow_null=True, label='Comm data', max_length=200, required=False)
    transactionID = IntegerField(label='Comms Transaction ID', max_value=9223372036854775807, min_value=-9223372036854775808, required=False)
    source = IntegerField(label='Originating source for event', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    target = IntegerField(label='Target destination for event', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    priority = IntegerField(label='Comms priority', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    complete_req = IntegerField(read_only=False)
    complete = IntegerField(read_only=False)
    URI = ParameterisedHyperlinkedIdentityField(lookup_fields=(('control_sys', 'sysID'), ('transactionID', 'tID')), read_only=True, view_name='comms-detail')

系列化器：

class CommsSerialiser(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
URI = ParameterisedHyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name="comms-detail", lookup_fields=(('control_sys', 'sysID'), ('transactionID', 'tID')), read_only=True)
# convert MySQL bool to int bool
complete_req = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=False)
complete = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=False)

class Meta:
    model = CommsQueue
    fields = ('control_sys', 'meter', 'data', 'transactionID', 'source', 'target', 'priority', 'complete_req', 'complete', 'URI')

    validators = [
        UniqueTogetherValidator(
            queryset=CommsQueue.objects.all(),
            fields=('control_sys', 'transactionID')
        )
    ]

class CommsDetail(APIView):
"""
Retrieve, update or delete MULTIPLE comms from queue.

"""
# session permissions
permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated, IsAuthedCommQueue,)

def get_object(self, sysID, transactionID_list):
    try:

        # get comms queue for control unit ...allow retrieve of complete comms
        comm_objects = CommsQueue.objects.filter(control_sys=sysID,transactionID__in=transactionID_list)

        # Auth user for control unit
        self.check_object_permissions(self.request, comm_objects[0])

        # get object
        return comm_objects

    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        raise Http404


def get(self, request, sysID, format=None):

    # build list of transaction ID to retrieve
    transactionID_list = []
    for transaction in request.data:
        transactionID_list.append(transaction['transactionID'])

    comms = self.get_object(sysID,transactionID_list)
    serializer = CommsSerialiser(comms, context={'request': request}, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

def put(self, request, sysID, format=None):

    # build list of transaction ID to retrieve
    transactionID_list = []
    for transaction in request.data:
        transactionID_list.append(transaction['transactionID'])
        print transaction

    comms = self.get_object(sysID,transactionID_list)
    serializer = CommsSerialiser(comms, data=request.data, context={'request': request}, many=True)

    if serializer.is_valid():
        serializer.save()
        return Response(serializer.data)
    return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

查看：

class CommsSerialiser(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
URI = ParameterisedHyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name="comms-detail", lookup_fields=(('control_sys', 'sysID'), ('transactionID', 'tID')), read_only=True)
# convert MySQL bool to int bool
complete_req = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=False)
complete = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=False)

class Meta:
    model = CommsQueue
    fields = ('control_sys', 'meter', 'data', 'transactionID', 'source', 'target', 'priority', 'complete_req', 'complete', 'URI')

    validators = [
        UniqueTogetherValidator(
            queryset=CommsQueue.objects.all(),
            fields=('control_sys', 'transactionID')
        )
    ]

class CommsDetail(APIView):
"""
Retrieve, update or delete MULTIPLE comms from queue.

"""
# session permissions
permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated, IsAuthedCommQueue,)

def get_object(self, sysID, transactionID_list):
    try:

        # get comms queue for control unit ...allow retrieve of complete comms
        comm_objects = CommsQueue.objects.filter(control_sys=sysID,transactionID__in=transactionID_list)

        # Auth user for control unit
        self.check_object_permissions(self.request, comm_objects[0])

        # get object
        return comm_objects

    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        raise Http404


def get(self, request, sysID, format=None):

    # build list of transaction ID to retrieve
    transactionID_list = []
    for transaction in request.data:
        transactionID_list.append(transaction['transactionID'])

    comms = self.get_object(sysID,transactionID_list)
    serializer = CommsSerialiser(comms, context={'request': request}, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

def put(self, request, sysID, format=None):

    # build list of transaction ID to retrieve
    transactionID_list = []
    for transaction in request.data:
        transactionID_list.append(transaction['transactionID'])
        print transaction

    comms = self.get_object(sysID,transactionID_list)
    serializer = CommsSerialiser(comms, data=request.data, context={'request': request}, many=True)

    if serializer.is_valid():
        serializer.save()
        return Response(serializer.data)
    return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

“打印序列器”输出：

 ## Comms Queue
class CommsQueue(models.Model):
    # primary key
    # foreign key
    control_sys = models.IntegerField("Control system foreign key (passive)", blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    meter = models.IntegerField("Meter foreign key (passive)", blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    # string
    data = models.CharField("Comm data", max_length=200, blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    # int
    transactionID = models.BigIntegerField("Comms Transaction ID", blank=True, null=False)
    source = models.IntegerField("Originating source for event", blank=True, null=False)
    target = models.IntegerField("Target destination for event", blank=True, null=False, db_index=True)
    priority = models.IntegerField("Comms priority", blank=True, default=0)
    # url
    URI = models.URLField("Comm URI",max_length=200, blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    # bool
    #comm_send = models.BooleanField("Event requires uplink/downlink", blank=False, default=True) # TODO delete?
    comm_sent = models.BooleanField("Uplink/Downlink sent", blank=True, default=False)
    complete_req = models.BooleanField("Require completion notice", blank=True, default=False)
    complete = models.BooleanField("Event complete", blank=True, default=False)
    # date
    create_date = models.DateTimeField("Date created", auto_now=False, auto_now_add=True)
    last_date = models.DateTimeField("Date accessed", auto_now=True, auto_now_add=False)

    class Meta:
        unique_together = (("control_sys","transactionID"),)
        index_together = [("control_sys","transactionID"),]

    def __unicode__(self):
        return "Transaction ID: %s, Complete: %s" % (str(self.transactionID), str(self.complete))

CommsSerialiser(<QuerySet[
    <CommsQueue: TransactionID: 313011,
    Complete: False>,
    <CommsQueue: TransactionID: 313013,
    Complete: False>,
    <CommsQueue: TransactionID: 313102,
    Complete: False>
]>,
context={
    u'request': <rest_framework.request.Requestobject>
},
data=[
    {
        u'control_sys': 710017,
        u'complete': 1,
        u'data': u'"{data innit}"',
        u'URI': u'http: //172.16.32.40: 8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313102/',
        u'transactionID': 313102,
        u'complete_req': 1
    },
    {
        u'control_sys': 710017,
        u'complete': 1,
        u'data': u'"{data innit}"',
        u'URI': u'http: //172.16.32.40: 8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313011/',
        u'transactionID': 313011,
        u'complete_req': 1
    },
    {
        u'control_sys': 710017,
        u'complete': 1,
        u'data': u'"{data arg}"',
        u'URI': u'http: //172.16.32.40: 8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313013/',
        u'transactionID': 313013,
        u'complete_req': 1
    }
],
many=True): 
    control_sys = IntegerField(allow_null=True, label='Control system foreign key (passive)', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    meter = IntegerField(allow_null=True, label='Meter foreign key (passive)', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    data = CharField(allow_blank=True, allow_null=True, label='Comm data', max_length=200, required=False)
    transactionID = IntegerField(label='Comms Transaction ID', max_value=9223372036854775807, min_value=-9223372036854775808, required=False)
    source = IntegerField(label='Originating source for event', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    target = IntegerField(label='Target destination for event', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    priority = IntegerField(label='Comms priority', max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    complete_req = IntegerField(read_only=False)
    complete = IntegerField(read_only=False)
    URI = ParameterisedHyperlinkedIdentityField(lookup_fields=(('control_sys', 'sysID'), ('transactionID', 'tID')), read_only=True, view_name='comms-detail')

CommsSerialiser（，
上下文={
你的‘请求’：
},
资料=[
{
控制系统：710017，
u'complete'：1，
u'data'：u'{data innit}'，
u'URI'：u'http://172.16.32.40:8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313102/，
u'transactionID'：313102，
完整的需求：1
},
{
控制系统：710017，
u'complete'：1，
u'data'：u'{data innit}'，
u'URI'：u'http://172.16.32.40:8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313011/，
u'transactionID'：313011，
完整的需求：1
},
{
控制系统：710017，
u'complete'：1，
u'data'：u'{data arg}'，
u'URI'：u'http://172.16.32.40:8000/api/0.1/comm/710017/313013/，
u'transactionID'：313013，
完整的需求：1
}
],
多=真）：
control\u sys=IntegerField（allow\u null=True，label='control system foreign key（被动）'，最大值=2147483647，最小值=-2147483648，必选值=False）
meter=IntegerField（allow_null=True，label='meter外键（被动）'，max_值=2147483647，min_值=-2147483648，required=False）
data=CharField（allow_blank=True，allow_null=True，label='Comm data'，max_length=200，required=False）
transactionID=IntegerField（label='Comms Transaction ID'，max_值=9223372036854775807，min_值=-9223372036854775808，必需=False）
source=IntegerField（label='origing source for event'，max_value=2147483647，min_value=-2147483648，required=False）
target=IntegerField（label='target destination for event'，max_value=2147483647，min_value=-2147483648，required=False）
优先级=整数字段（label='Comms priority'，max_值=2147483647，min_值=-2147483648，必选=False）
完成请求=整数字段（只读=假）
完成=整数字段（只读=假）
URI=ParameterizedHyperlinkedEntityField（查找字段=（'control\u sys'，'sysID'），（'transactionID'，'tID'）），只读=True，查看\u name='comms-detail'）

错误会告诉您出了什么问题。事实上，queryset没有pk；只有queryset的成员才会这样。嗨@DanielRoseman，是的，这很有道理。我不明白的是，为什么在这种情况下，它会得到一个查询集。我向serlialiser传递了一个查询集，其中记录了many=True。因此，我认为它应该期待一个queryset而不是一个单一的模型实例，并且应该基于此对其进行验证？仍然没有实现这一点。现在看一下serialiser上的自定义验证或Django REST框架的使用