Django REST框架。APITestCase。如何修复'；错误的值、引用的表名称、引用的列名称和x27；

我有以下型号：

class Student(models.Model):
   first_name = models.CharField(verbose_name='student first name', max_length=64)
   last_name = models.CharField(verbose_name='student last name', max_length=64)
   email = models.EmailField()

class Meta:
    db_table = 'student'

def __str__(self):
    return self.first_name + ' ' + self.last_name

class Course(models.Model):
   name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
   description = models.TextField()
   start_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, default=None)
   end_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, default=None)

class Meta:
    db_table = 'course'

def __str__(self):
    return self.name

class CourseParticipant(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, related_name='courses', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    student = models.ForeignKey(Student, related_name='student_name', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    completed = models.BooleanField(null=False, default=False)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'course_participant'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.course, self.student

网址：

并对其进行测试：

from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
from rest_framework.reverse import reverse as api_reverse
from course.models import CourseParticipant
from .models import Student


class StudentAPITestCase(APITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        student_obj = Student.objects.create(
            first_name='test',
            last_name='student',
            email='test_student@gmail.com',
        )

    def create_item(self):
        url = api_reverse('student:list')
        data = {
            'first_name': 'some_first_name_for_test',
            'last_name': 'some_last_name_for_test',
            'email': 'test_student@gmail.com'

        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        self.assertEqual(Student.objects.count(), 2)
        return response.data

    def test_student_create(self):
        data = self.create_item()
        data_id = data.get('id')
        rud_url = api_reverse('student:detail', kwargs={'pk': data_id})
        rud_data = {
            'first_name': 'some_new_first_name_for_test',
            'last_name': 'some_new_last_name_for_test'
        }

        get_response = self.client.get(rud_url, rud_data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(get_response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)

    def test_student_update(self):
        data = self.create_item()
        data_id = data.get('id')
        rud_url = api_reverse('student:detail', kwargs={'pk': data_id})
        rud_data = {
            'first_name': 'some_new_first_name_for_test',
            'last_name': 'some_new_last_name_for_test',
            'email': 'test_student@gmail.com'
        }

        put_response = self.client.put(rud_url, rud_data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(put_response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)

    def test_student_delete(self):
        data = self.create_item()
        data_id = data.get('id')
        rud_url = api_reverse('student:detail', kwargs={'pk': data_id})

        delete_response = self.client.delete(rud_url, data_id, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(delete_response.status_code, status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

        get_response = self.client.delete(rud_url, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(get_response.status_code, status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)


class StudentAssignToCourseAPITestCase(APITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        student_obj = CourseParticipant.objects.create(
            course_id=1,
            student_id=1,
        )

    def test_create_item(self):
        url = api_reverse('student:assign_student_to_course')
        data = {
            'course_id': 1,
            'student_id': 1,

        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        self.assertEqual(Student.objects.count(), 2)
        return response.data

StudentAssignToCourseAPITestCase的所有测试均通过，但StudentAssignToCourseAPITestCase的测试失败，并进行了一些回溯：

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）： 文件“/home/leonidsuputnyak/БСцццццц/project/testцtask/venv/lib/python3.7/site packages/django/test/testcases.py”，第274行，在调用 self.\u post\u teardown（） 文件“/home/leonidsuputnyak/БСццццццц/project/testцtask/venv/lib/python3.7/site packages/django/test/testcases.py”，第1009行，在拆卸后 自紧装置拆卸（） 文件“/home/leonidsuputnyak/БСцццццццц/project/testцtask/venv/lib/python3.7/site packages/django/test/testcases.py”，第1177行，位于“夹具拆卸”中 连接[db\u name]。检查\u约束（） 文件“/home/leonidsuputnyak/Бцццццццц/project/testцtask/venv/lib/python3.7/site packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py”，第318行，检查约束条件 错误的\u值、引用的\u表\u名称、引用的\u列\u名称 django.db.utils.IntegrityError:主键为“1”的表“课程参与者”中的行具有无效外键：课程参与者.student\u id包含的值“1”在student.id中没有对应的值

---

有人能解释一下为什么我的StudentAssignTo Course ApiestCase测试失败，以及我可以如何修复它吗？

测试失败，因为在

设置
方法中，您试图使用不存在的学生id值创建
CourseParticipant
。因此，您应该首先创建
User
和
Course
对象，并使用它们的ID：

class StudentAssignToCourseAPITestCase(APITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.student_obj = Student.objects.create(
            first_name='test',
            last_name='student',
            email='test_student@gmail.com',
        )
        self.course_obj = Course.objects.create(
            # couse's attribute here
        )
        student_obj = CourseParticipant.objects.create(
            course_id=self.course_obj.pk,
            student_id=self.student_obj.pk,
        )

    def test_create_item(self):
        url = api_reverse('student:assign_student_to_course')
        data = {
            'course_id': self.course_obj.pk,
            'student_id': self.student_obj.pk,

        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        self.assertEqual(Student.objects.count(), 2)
        return response.data

测试失败，因为在
设置
方法中，您试图使用不存在的学生id值创建
课程参与者
。因此，您应该首先创建
User
和
Course
对象，并使用它们的ID：

class StudentAssignToCourseAPITestCase(APITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.student_obj = Student.objects.create(
            first_name='test',
            last_name='student',
            email='test_student@gmail.com',
        )
        self.course_obj = Course.objects.create(
            # couse's attribute here
        )
        student_obj = CourseParticipant.objects.create(
            course_id=self.course_obj.pk,
            student_id=self.student_obj.pk,
        )

    def test_create_item(self):
        url = api_reverse('student:assign_student_to_course')
        data = {
            'course_id': self.course_obj.pk,
            'student_id': self.student_obj.pk,

        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        self.assertEqual(Student.objects.count(), 2)
        return response.data

class StudentAssignToCourseAPITestCase(APITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.student_obj = Student.objects.create(
            first_name='test',
            last_name='student',
            email='test_student@gmail.com',
        )
        self.course_obj = Course.objects.create(
            # couse's attribute here
        )
        student_obj = CourseParticipant.objects.create(
            course_id=self.course_obj.pk,
            student_id=self.student_obj.pk,
        )

    def test_create_item(self):
        url = api_reverse('student:assign_student_to_course')
        data = {
            'course_id': self.course_obj.pk,
            'student_id': self.student_obj.pk,

        }
        response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        self.assertEqual(Student.objects.count(), 2)
        return response.data