Hibernate 弹簧靴&x2B；JPA注入EntityManager没有可用的EntityManager

我试图使用spring boot将EntityManager注入到我的DAO中，但得到一个

InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException

表示没有可用的事务EntityManager。我的印象是，只要Spring Boot从

application.yml

中获得我的数据源信息，并且我用

@persistencecontext

标记DAO中的

EntityManager

字段，它基本上会为我处理所有的事情，因此，我不需要在自己的代码中使用EntityManagerFactory，也不需要

persistence.xml

文件。我错了吗

我的刀：

@Repository
public class PersonDaoJpa implements PersonDao {

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;

    ...

    DAO methods

    ...
}

我的Spring启动配置：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {ProgramInfo.BASE_PACKAGE})
@EntityScan(basePackages = {ProgramInfo.BASE_PACKAGE})
public class PersonServiceConfiguration {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(PersonServiceConfiguration.class, args);
    }
}

我的JUnit测试：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = PersonServiceConfiguration.class)
@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
    DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class,
    TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class,
    DbUnitTestExecutionListener.class })
@EnableTransactionManagement
@DatabaseSetup("/test_data_start.xml")
public class PersonDaoJpaTest {

    @Autowired
    private PersonDaoJpa dao;

    ...

    JUnit tests 

    ...
}

我的

application.yml

文件：

spring:
    profiles.active: default

---

spring:
    profiles: default

spring.datasource:
    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/database?autoReconnect=true
    username: user
    password: pwd

spring.jpa.show-sql: false
spring.jpa.database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>  
  <groupId>myId</groupId>
  <artifactId>myArtifictId</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.dbunit</groupId>
        <artifactId>dbunit</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.springtestdbunit</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test-dbunit</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <repositories>
      <repository>
          <id>spring-releases</id>
          <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
      </repository>
  </repositories>
  <pluginRepositories>
      <pluginRepository>
          <id>spring-releases</id>
          <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
      </pluginRepository>
  </pluginRepositories>
</project>

最后是我的

pom.xml

文件：

spring:
    profiles.active: default

---

spring:
    profiles: default

spring.datasource:
    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/database?autoReconnect=true
    username: user
    password: pwd

spring.jpa.show-sql: false
spring.jpa.database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>  
  <groupId>myId</groupId>
  <artifactId>myArtifictId</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.dbunit</groupId>
        <artifactId>dbunit</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.springtestdbunit</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test-dbunit</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <repositories>
      <repository>
          <id>spring-releases</id>
          <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
      </repository>
  </repositories>
  <pluginRepositories>
      <pluginRepository>
          <id>spring-releases</id>
          <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
      </pluginRepository>
  </pluginRepositories>
</project>

但是如果没有注释，我会得到与上面描述的相同的异常。

find

和

flush

方法如下：

@Override
public Person find(Long id) {

    return em.find(Person.class, id);
}

public void flush() {

    em.flush();
}

---

您在实现中变得越具体，Spring Boot在为您所做的事情中就会退却得越多

因为您已经创建了自己的实现，所以现在还需要配置自己的实体管理器，而不是定义一个实现crudepository的接口（例如）

以下是一些文档链接，可以向您展示如何做您需要的事情：

http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto-data-access.html

http://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/current/reference/html/#repositories.create-instances.java-config

---

尝试将@Transactional放在您的存储库中？如果您能够将完整的项目作为示例上载到github，我不介意仔细阅读代码，看看是否可以使用尽可能少的自定义配置使其工作。