Java 在Atlassian Bitbucket管道上使用@WebMvcTest进行的Spring启动测试失败

在本地运行一些

@WebMvcTest

时，我没有问题（Spring Boot 1.5.8，gradle 4.6）：

但是，当我上传到Atlassian Bitbucket并在那里运行

/gradlew test--stacktrace

时，我得到以下结果：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:44)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.

现在Bibucket管道使用Docker映像（java:8）。当我在本地切换回

@SpringBoot

和

@AutoConfigureMockMvc

时，在这两种环境中都会出现相同的错误。两种环境上的数据库设置相同（MongoDB的docker映像相同），所有内容都相同。。。可能是某些端口在使用Docker时未映射？我想我确实创建了Servlet请求

编辑

---

模拟Docker容器中的Bitbucket管道构建（如建议的），模拟

映射MongoConverter

并移动到

@SpringBootTest

以及

@AutoConfigureMockMvc

就足以让它运行。因此，如果没有容器，仅使用部分模拟上下文的

@WebMvcTest

就足够了，但它将在Docker容器中失败，例如使用Bitbucket时出现的容器。为什么？

结果发现缺少了一些关键bean，因为

@WebMvc

注释不会拾取

@组件

，只需要web堆栈（不包括存储库）所需的内容，但问题是我的安全配置，我想对其进行测试，现在只需导入

@Import

（以及控制器所依赖的一些其他bean）：

这里学到的经验是，所有自动配置的测试上下文（

@WebMvc

，

@DataMongoTest

，等等）都可以加快测试速度（这很好，因为我在bitbucket上花费构建分钟）。但是你需要真正了解需要什么才能让你的应用程序运行。这迫使我只模拟服务来集中精力于控制器，然后为我的应用程序的DAO部分编写更多的测试。我想这是一件好事

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:44)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(value = VZNFCController.class)
@Import(value = {VZApiSecurityConfiguration.class, 
                 VZJwtTokenUtils.class, VZProperties.class})
public class VZNFCControllerTest {

  @Autowired
  private MockMvc mvc;

  @MockBean
  private VZNFCTagService tagService;

  /* same as the above... I don't mock out the repository any more */

}