Java 反序列化序列化对象时发生ClassNotFound异常

我正在尝试序列化和反序列化一个对象。此对象可以包含对其他对象、ArrayList和HashMap的引用

当我尝试执行代码时，序列化可以正常工作，但反序列化不行。它会导致以下异常：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: experiment.Experiment$1
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348)
    at javax.crypto.extObjectInputStream.resolveClass(SealedObject.java:490)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1613)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1518)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1774)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.defaultReadFields(ObjectInputStream.java:2000)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readSerialData(ObjectInputStream.java:1924)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1801)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)
    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)
    at javax.crypto.SealedObject.getObject(SealedObject.java:302)
    at experiment.Experiment.main(Experiment.java:52)
Java Result: 1

我的主要课程是实验，如下所示：

public class Experiment {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        File data = new File("C:\\Users\\Furze\\Desktop\\experiment.dat");   
        // I only execute the following to encrypt the file, which works fine:
        Test test = new Test(new VariableMap<String, String>() {{
            put("Name", "Furze");
        }});   
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("Blowfish");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(new byte[] {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}, "Blowfish"));
        SealedObject sealedObject = new SealedObject(test, cipher);
        CipherOutputStream outputStream = new CipherOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(data.getPath())), cipher);
        ObjectOutputStream objectOutput = new ObjectOutputStream(outputStream);
        objectOutput.writeObject(sealedObject);     
        objectOutput.close();
        // I then comment out the above code to test the file, which fails.
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("Blowfish");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(new byte[] {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}, "Blowfish"));
        CipherInputStream inputStream = new CipherInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(data.getPath())), cipher);
        ObjectInputStream objectInput = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
        SealedObject sealedObject = (SealedObject) objectInput.readObject();
        Test test = (Test) sealedObject.getObject(cipher);
        System.out.println(test.variables.get("Name"));
    }
}

// The VariableMap class is something I added during debugging to test if HashMap simply isn't serializable. It didn't help. It does have to stay a HashMap (or VariableMap!) however, for my code to operate correctly.
class VariableMap<Name, Value> extends HashMap<String, String> implements java.io.Serializable {
    public VariableMap() {
        super();
    }
}

public class Test implements java.io.Serializable {
    VariableMap<String, String> variables = new VariableMap<>();
    public Test() {}
    public Test(VariableMap<String, String> variables) {
        this.variables = variables;
    }
}

---

有人能解释一下我的代码出了什么问题吗？我已经读过关于更改类路径的内容，但当我尝试更改时，没有任何区别。

您缺少类顶部的包声明，它应该是：

package experiment;

public class Experiment implements Serializable {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        File data = new File("C:\\Users\\Furze\\Desktop\\experiment.dat");   
        // I only execute the following to encrypt the file, which works fine:
        Test test = new Test(new VariableMap<String, String>() {{
            put("Name", "Furze");
        }});   
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("Blowfish");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(new byte[] {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}, "Blowfish"));
        SealedObject sealedObject = new SealedObject(test, cipher);
        CipherOutputStream outputStream = new CipherOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(data.getPath())), cipher);
        ObjectOutputStream objectOutput = new ObjectOutputStream(outputStream);
        objectOutput.writeObject(sealedObject);     
        objectOutput.close();
        // I then comment out the above code to test the file, which fails.
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("Blowfish");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(new byte[] {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}, "Blowfish"));
        CipherInputStream inputStream = new CipherInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(data.getPath())), cipher);
        ObjectInputStream objectInput = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
        SealedObject sealedObject = (SealedObject) objectInput.readObject();
        Test test = (Test) sealedObject.getObject(cipher);
        System.out.println(test.variables.get("Name"));
    }
}

包装实验；
公共类实验实现可序列化{
公共静态void main（字符串[]args）引发异常{
文件数据=新文件（“C:\\Users\\Furze\\Desktop\\Experience.dat”）；
//我只执行以下操作来加密文件，效果很好：
测试=新测试（新变量映射（）{{
放置（“名称”、“Furze”）；
}});   
Cipher Cipher=Cipher.getInstance（“河豚”）；
cipher.init（cipher.ENCRYPT_模式，新的SecretKeySpec（新字节[]{0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}，“河豚”）；
SealedObject SealedObject=新的SealedObject（测试，密码）；
CipherOutputStream outputStream=新的CipherOutputStream（新的BufferedOutputStream（data.getPath（）），cipher）；
ObjectOutputStream objectOutput=新的ObjectOutputStream（outputStream）；
objectOutput.writeObject（sealedObject）；
objectOutput.close（）；
//然后我注释掉上面的代码来测试文件，但失败了。
Cipher Cipher=Cipher.getInstance（“河豚”）；
cipher.init（cipher.DECRYPT_模式，新的SecretKeySpec（新字节[]{0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}，“河豚”）；
CipherInputStream inputStream=new CipherInputStream（new BufferedInputStream（new FileInputStream（data.getPath（））），cipher）；
ObjectInputStream objectInput=新ObjectInputStream（inputStream）；
SealedObject SealedObject=（SealedObject）objectInput.readObject（）；
Test=（Test）sealedObject.getObject（密码）；
System.out.println（test.variables.get（“Name”）；
}
}

您缺少类顶部的包声明，它应该是：

package experiment;

public class Experiment implements Serializable {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        File data = new File("C:\\Users\\Furze\\Desktop\\experiment.dat");   
        // I only execute the following to encrypt the file, which works fine:
        Test test = new Test(new VariableMap<String, String>() {{
            put("Name", "Furze");
        }});   
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("Blowfish");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(new byte[] {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}, "Blowfish"));
        SealedObject sealedObject = new SealedObject(test, cipher);
        CipherOutputStream outputStream = new CipherOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(data.getPath())), cipher);
        ObjectOutputStream objectOutput = new ObjectOutputStream(outputStream);
        objectOutput.writeObject(sealedObject);     
        objectOutput.close();
        // I then comment out the above code to test the file, which fails.
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("Blowfish");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(new byte[] {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}, "Blowfish"));
        CipherInputStream inputStream = new CipherInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(data.getPath())), cipher);
        ObjectInputStream objectInput = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
        SealedObject sealedObject = (SealedObject) objectInput.readObject();
        Test test = (Test) sealedObject.getObject(cipher);
        System.out.println(test.variables.get("Name"));
    }
}

包装实验；
公共类实验实现可序列化{
公共静态void main（字符串[]args）引发异常{
文件数据=新文件（“C:\\Users\\Furze\\Desktop\\Experience.dat”）；
//我只执行以下操作来加密文件，效果很好：
测试=新测试（新变量映射（）{{
放置（“名称”、“Furze”）；
}});   
Cipher Cipher=Cipher.getInstance（“河豚”）；
cipher.init（cipher.ENCRYPT_模式，新的SecretKeySpec（新字节[]{0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}，“河豚”）；
SealedObject SealedObject=新的SealedObject（测试，密码）；
CipherOutputStream outputStream=新的CipherOutputStream（新的BufferedOutputStream（data.getPath（）），cipher）；
ObjectOutputStream objectOutput=新的ObjectOutputStream（outputStream）；
objectOutput.writeObject（sealedObject）；
objectOutput.close（）；
//然后我注释掉上面的代码来测试文件，但失败了。
Cipher Cipher=Cipher.getInstance（“河豚”）；
cipher.init（cipher.DECRYPT_模式，新的SecretKeySpec（新字节[]{0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07}，“河豚”）；
CipherInputStream inputStream=new CipherInputStream（new BufferedInputStream（new FileInputStream（data.getPath（））），cipher）；
ObjectInputStream objectInput=新ObjectInputStream（inputStream）；
SealedObject SealedObject=（SealedObject）objectInput.readObject（）；
Test=（Test）sealedObject.getObject（密码）；
System.out.println（test.variables.get（“Name”）；
}
}

情况

newvariablemap（）{{
放置（“名称”、“Furze”）；
}}

创建匿名内部类（类的子类

VariableMap

）并创建其对象

类和对象都是在同一位置创建的

它仍然是可序列化的

---

问题 当您注释它时，类定义本身消失

这将导致前面提到的

ClassNotFoundException

---

解决

尽可能避免

序列化

。实现您自己的数据存储机制

如果必须使用

序列化

，请避免使用双大括号初始化

在不使用声明的情况下维护声明（

test\u old

way）。然而，这是一个临时解决方案，也是一种糟糕的做法。这是混乱的，不可能记住。这也是将来出现错误的可能原因

情况

newvariablemap（）{{
放置（“名称”、“Furze”）；
}}

创建匿名内部类（类的子类

VariableMap

）并创建其对象

类和对象都是在同一位置创建的

它仍然是可序列化的

---

问题 当您注释它时，类定义本身消失

这将导致前面提到的

ClassNotFoundException

---

解决

尽可能避免

序列化

。实现您自己的数据存储机制

如果必须使用

序列化

，请避免使用双大括号初始化

在不使用声明的情况下维护声明（

test\u old

way）。然而，这是一个临时解决方案，也是一种糟糕的做法。这是混乱的，不可能记住。这也是将来出现错误的可能原因

---

我认为您缺少以下答案，因为我将您的所有代码放在一个文件中，并且运行良好。@Pra