Java 如何使用Hibernate连接SQL Server 2000？

我无法使用Hibernate连接SQL Server 2000。但它没有冬眠也能正常工作

我有以下错误

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not load JDBC driver class [com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver]
    at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName(DriverManagerDataSource.java:130)
    at com.config.HibernateConfiguration.dbSource(HibernateConfiguration.java:63)
    at com.config.HibernateConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$3814a4ed.CGLIB$dbSource$3(<generated>)
    at com.config.HibernateConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$3814a4ed$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$40376950.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:228)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:356)
    at com.config.HibernateConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$3814a4ed.dbSource(<generated>)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:162)
    ... 88 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1352)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1180)
    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName(DriverManagerDataSource.java:127)
    ... 99 more

原因：java.lang.IllegalStateException:无法加载JDBC驱动程序类[com.microsoft.sqlserver.JDBC.SQLServerDriver]
位于org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource.setdrivercassname（DriverManagerDataSource.java:130）
位于com.config.HibernateConfiguration.dbSource（HibernateConfiguration.java:63）
在com.config.HibernateConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$3814a4ed.CGLIB$dbSource$3（）
在com.config.HibernateConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$3814a4ed$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$40376950.invoke（）上
位于org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper（MethodProxy.java:228）
位于org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept（ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:356）
在com.config.HibernateConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$3814a4ed.dbSource（）上
在sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）处
位于sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62）
在sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43）中
位于java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke（Method.java:498）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstallationStrategy.instantiate（SimpleInstallationStrategy.java:162）
... 88多
原因：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
位于org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass（WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1352）
位于org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass（WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1180）
位于java.lang.Class.forName0（本机方法）
位于java.lang.Class.forName（Class.java:348）
位于org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource.setdrivercassname（DriverManagerDataSource.java:127）
... 99多

现在它与hibernate一起工作也很好。
hibernate.properties如下
hibernate.dialogue=org.hibernate.dialogue.sqlserverdialogue
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
hibernate.connection.CharSet=UTF-8
hibernate.connection.characterEncoding=UTF-8
hibernate.connection.useUnicode=true
hibernate.default_schema=dbo
hibernate.connection.defaultAutoCommit=false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
jdbc.drivercassname=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
username=sa
jdbc.password=***
jdbc.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=yourDB
和pom文件，如下所示
4.0.0
演示
演示
0.0.1-快照
战争
src
maven战争插件
2.6
网络内容
假的
maven编译器插件
3.5.1
1.8
1.8
4.3.1.1发布
4.1.1.1发布
1.7.4
4.3.6.最终版本
1.7.12
1.3.1
1.8
2.2
1.2.17
假的
org.springframework
spring上下文
${springframework.version}
公用记录
公用记录
org.springframework
弹簧芯
${springframework.version}
org.springframework
弹簧网
${springframework.version}
org.springframework
SpringWebMVC
${springframework.version}
org.springframework
德克萨斯州春季
${springframework.version}
org.springframework
春季甲虫
${springframework.version}
org.springframework.security
spring安全网
3.2.5.1发布
org.springframework.security
spring安全配置
3.2.5.1发布
org.springframework.security
spring安全标记库
3.2.5.1发布
org.springframework
spring上下文支持
${springframework.version}
org.springframework
春季aop
${springframework.version}
文件上传
文件上传
1.3.1
公地io
公地io
2.4
com.microsoft.sqlserver
sqljdbc4
4
org.hibernate
冬眠核心
${hibernate.version}
org.hibernate
hibernate-c3p0
${hibernate.version}
org.hibernate
休眠ehcache
${hibernate.version}
javax.validation
验证api
1.0.0.GA
org.hibernate
休眠验证器
4.3.1.最终版本
javax.servlet
javax.servlet-api
3.1.0
假如
javax.servlet.jsp
javax.servlet.jsp-api
2.3.1
假如
javax.servlet
jstl
1.2
com.google.zxing
核心
2.2
com.google.zxing
基础
2.2
Now it's working fine with hibernate also.

hibernate.properties as follows

hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = true
hibernate.connection.CharSet = UTF-8
hibernate.connection.characterEncoding= UTF-8
hibernate.connection.useUnicode=true
hibernate.default_schema=dbo
hibernate.connection.defaultAutoCommit=false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
jdbc.driverClassName = com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
jdbc.username=sa
jdbc.password=***
jdbc.url =jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=yourDB

And pom file as follows

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>Demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>Demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.6</version>
                <configuration>
                    <warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <properties>
        <springframework.version>4.3.1.RELEASE</springframework.version>
        <springsecurity.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</springsecurity.version>
        <aspectj.version>1.7.4</aspectj.version>
        <hibernate.version>4.3.6.Final</hibernate.version>
        <jcl.slf4j.version>1.7.12</jcl.slf4j.version>
        <jtds.version>1.3.1</jtds.version>
        <jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
        <tomcat7.version>2.2</tomcat7.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            <!-- scope>runtime</scope> -->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                    <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Security dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Mail dependencies -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Commons FileUpload dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- Apache Commons IO -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SQL Server -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sourceforge.jtds/jtds -->
<!-- <dependency>
    <groupId>net.sourceforge.jtds</groupId>
    <artifactId>jtds</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
 -->

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc -->

        <!-- <dependency> 
        <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
         <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId> 
            <version>6.1.0.jre8</version> 
            </dependency> -->
         <dependency>
            <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
            <artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId>
            <version>4.0</version>
        </dependency> 
        <!-- Hibernate dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
            <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.GA</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Servlet & Jsp dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- QR Code Dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>core</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- QR Code Dependencies -->

        <!-- Logging dependencies -->

        <!-- <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> 
            <version>1.2.17</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-envers</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.6.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Jackson dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.13</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Java mail dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
            <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Json dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20090211</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- jsonwebtoken -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Google json dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-lang/commons-lang -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- itext dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>itextpdf</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>itext-pdfa</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>itext-xtra</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itextpdf.tool</groupId>
            <artifactId>xmlworker</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.notnoop.apns</groupId>
            <artifactId>apns</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.Beta6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.code.gson/gson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jsoup/jsoup -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Http Components -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>fluent-hc</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-codec/commons-codec -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
            <artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.googlecode.libphonenumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>libphonenumber</artifactId>
            <version>3.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
            <artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--org.imgscalr :::: This lib is used to resize, optimize the images -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.imgscalr</groupId>
            <artifactId>imgscalr-lib</artifactId>
            <version>4.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Tiles 3.0.5 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
            <artifactId>tiles-extras</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
            <artifactId>tiles-servlet</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
            <artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.7</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
        <artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId>
        <version>4.0</version>
    </dependency>