如何在Linux（JDK、Maven、IDE等）VirtualBox上安装Java开发环境

如何为Java开发设置基于Unix的VirtualBox来宾？我希望保留一些现有的开发环境（我运行Windows），并使用VirtualBox将其集成。这可能吗？

我花了一些时间才想出一个更灵活的解决方案，不仅可以从头开始在Linux上安装开发环境，还可以满足在VirtualBox上运行的系统的需要

我发现，通过在Windows7Ultimate版本上运行两个系统，可以为我提供最佳解决方案，满足我作为一名具有额外bash脚本技能的基于Java的web开发人员的需求

让我们从我的主机系统（Windows 7 Ultimate）开始，它为我提供了一个专有的环境，在这个环境中，除了Photoshop、MS Office、MSSQL等工具之外，我还可以从Oracle安装专有的JDK。Windows 7的最终版本允许我设置XP模式的机器，将IE6、IE7、IE8添加到我的浏览器范围中（您需要为每个旧版Internet Explorer安装一台新机器）。我也能够在Windows上测试Safari，但据我所知，不能在Linux上测试Safari。我使用的大多数其他与Java相关的工具（IDE和Maven，服务器）只需解压缩到特定位置或运行安装程序即可。我做出的两个关键选择是：1）将所有内容保存在我的“%USERPROFILE%”（home）目录中&*2）*确保我的IDE支持Maven

我们的想法是让我们的主人和客人齐心协力。正如我在下面的视频中所演示的，这两个系统可以相互受益。我们可以在Windows中使用tortoise SVN客户端设置SVN存储库，以用作来宾系统中的存储库。显然，如果您希望在VirtualBox中的来宾机上安装正确的SVN客户端，请安装它们。但是，您的来宾IDE将能够使用这些Windows创建的存储库。您也可以通过共享一个文件夹并使用guest SVN客户端将其放入subversion存储库来实现

我们的来宾系统（Linux）允许我们从Windows中删除一些膨胀软件。像FileZilla和Putty这样的东西不再需要了。我们的客户机配备了内置ftp和ssh的高级终端。我们现在还可以创建bash脚本来构建/重建我们的Linux开发并下载我们的需求。您甚至可以编写bash脚本来下载Maven并将其解压到Windows共享目录中

Linux还为Web开发人员提供了一个额外的浏览器，该浏览器需要像Konqueror一样进行测试

更重要的是，我们的Linux系统可以用作与主机完全不同的环境。我们可以设置开放JDK版本，并相应地配置Maven安装，当JRE从主机/客户机中抽象出来时，Maven安装也可以在主机和客户机之间共享

我编写了以下脚本，将Oracle JDK下载并安装到您的来宾、Maven、NetBeans和IDEA上。该脚本还提示您输入一个文件来写入“boot”命令，以尝试从主机向来宾装载一些默认值，如“.m2”、“maven”、“SVN”、“NetBeansProjects”、“IDEAProjects”。前提是您已经使用来宾添加设置了VirtualBox，并设置了要共享的目录

系统会提示您输入系统脚本文件，该文件可用于将启动命令写入。我希望在Linux上有一个通用的位置，但是OpenSuse不起作用，所以您将无法使用我提供的默认设置（键入：/etc/rc.d/boot.local）。如果您不喜欢此功能，脚本将在“/usr/local/bin”位置创建“动态”脚本

最后，由于我们仅在来宾系统上使用共享文件夹（如果一切设置正确），因此删除来宾应该是安全的，因为您正在共享来自主机系统的项目Maven、SVN，并且数据应该仍然存在

看到这个了吗

---

这是一篇非常有趣的文章，我相信它会对一些用户有用，但它并不真正适合stackoverfow的问答格式。我建议你把你的“问题”格式化成一个问题，然后给出你自己的答案。不管怎样，检查和。@Qsp谢谢你的提醒。。。注意到并重新格式化。没问题，很好您在它被标记之前解决了它：-）+1对于VBox，它具有非常好的性能。通常，我使用控制台通过“sudo mount-t vboxsf/hostFolder/guestFolder”管理sharedfolders，使用NAT与主机共享服务器端口。我也在使用快照，因为我使用VBOX不仅仅是为了开发，也是为了访问通用的谷歌搜索页面，因为我认为它们都不安全。如果我的团队中有人对VBox感兴趣，我只想分享我的VBox图像。

#!/bin/bash
#Author: Yucca Nel http://thejarbar.org
#Will restart system
#Modify these variables as needed...
tempWork=/tmp/work
defaultStartScript=/etc/init.d/rc.local
locBin=/usr/local/bin
javaUsrLib=/usr/lib/jvm
defaultMaven=3.0.4
defaultNetBeansVer=7.1
mavenUsrLib=/usr/lib/maven
defaultIDEA=11.0.1

sudo mkdir -p $javaUsrLib
mkdir -p $tempWork
sudo mkdir -p $mavenUsrLib
mkdir -p $HOME/.m2
mkdir -p $HOME/SVN

cd $tempWork

#Update this line to reflect newer versions of JDK...
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u2-b13/jdk-7u2-linux-i586.tar.gz

#Extract the download
tar -zxvf $tempWork/*
rm -rf $tempWork/*.gz

#Move it to where it can be found...
sudo mv -f $tempWork/* $javaUsrLib/
export JAVA_HOME="$javaUsrLib/jdk1.7.0_02"

sudo ln -f -s $javaUsrLib/jdk1*/bin/* /usr/bin/
rm -rf $tempWork/*
#Update this line to reflect newer versions of JDK...

if ! grep "JAVA_HOME=$javaUsrLib/jdk1.7.0_02" /etc/environment
then
echo "JAVA_HOME=$javaUsrLib/jdk1.7.0_02" | sudo tee -a /etc/environment
fi

source /etc/environment

read -p "Please [Enter] full path name of your local startup script ($defaultStartScript is the default). Please
make sure on this before providing a value by consulting documentation for your system:" locStartScript
locStartScript=${locStartScript:-$defaultStartScript}

read -p "Please [Enter] Maven Version ($defaultMaven is default):" mavenVersion
mavenVersion=${mavenVersion:-$defaultMaven}

read -p "Please [Enter] NetBeans Version ($defaultNetBeansVer is default):" netbeansVersion
netbeansVersion=${netbeansVersion:-$defaultNetBeansVer}

read -p "Please [Enter] IDEA Version ($defaultIDEA is default):" ideaVersion
ideaVersion=${ideaVersion:-$defaultIDEA}


if [ ! -f $locStartScript ]
then
echo "The file you provided could not be found. Remember to include the full path and try again. Exiting in 7 secs..."
sleep 7
exit 1
fi

wget http://mirrors.powertech.no/www.apache.org/dist//maven/binaries/apache-maven-$mavenVersion-bin.tar.gz
tar -zxvf $tempWork/*

#Move it to a more logical location
sudo mv -f $tempWork/apache-maven-$mavenVersion $mavenUsrLib/
sudo ln -f -s $mavenUsrLib/apache-maven-$mavenVersion/bin/* /usr/bin/

#If you have Maven on Windows and use VirtualBox, you can set up the maven to be a virtualbox shared folder.
#The name must match the name used below (ignore if irrelevant to you).


if [ -f /sbin/mount.vboxsf ]
then
sudo /sbin/umount $HOME/.m2
sudo /sbin/umount $mavenUsrLib
sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2
sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib
fi

if mountpoint -q $HOME/.m2 &&  mountpoint -q $mavenUsrLib
then
tar -zxvf $tempWork/*
sudo mv -f $tempWork/apache-maven-$mavenVersion $mavenUsrLib/
#Add it to the start script to automate process...
if ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2" $locStartScript
then
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2" | sudo tee -a $locStartScript
fi

if ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib" $locStartScript
then
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib" | sudo tee -a $locStartScript
fi
sudo chmod +x $locStartScript

#Create a mount and unmount script file...
rm -rf $tempWork/*
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/maven-mount.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2" >> $tempWork/maven-mount.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib" >> $tempWork/maven-mount.sh
echo "echo 'mounted maven'" >> $tempWork/maven-mount.sh
echo "exit 0" >> $tempWork/maven-mount.sh

echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/maven-umount.sh
echo "sudo umount $HOME/.m2" >> $tempWork/netbeans-umount.sh
echo "sudo umount $mavenUsrLib" >> $tempWork/netbeans-umount.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted maven'" >> $tempWork/maven-mount.sh
echo 'exit 0' >> $tempWork/maven-umount.sh

#Script for mounting ALL VirtualBox shared solders....
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > /mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh

#Otherwise if there is one, but no mount, add one...
elif ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2" $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
then
sudo sed -ie '$d' $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf .m2 $HOME/.m2" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh

elif ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib" $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
then
sudo sed -ie '$d' $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf maven $mavenUsrLib" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh

fi

#Script for unmounting ALL VirtualBox shared folders...
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/umount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo umount -a -t vboxsf" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted all VirtualBox shared folders'" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
fi

chmod +x $tempWork/*
sudo mv -f $tempWork/* $locBin/
rm -rf $tempWork/*
fi

sudo ln -f -s $mavenUsrLib/apache-maven-$mavenVersion/bin/* /usr/bin/
rm -rf $tempWork/*


wget http://dlc.sun.com.edgesuite.net/netbeans/$netbeansVersion/final/bundles/netbeans-$netbeansVersion-ml-javase-linux.sh
sh $tempWork/*sh;


#Add Netbeans launcher to your PATH. Doing so allows you to run 'netbeans' command from the terminal
#This line will need to be changed if you changed the default install location (IOW Netbeans is not in ~/)
sudo ln -f -s ~/netbeans-7.1/bin/netbeans /usr/bin/;

#If you use VirtualBox , you can share your projects between Host and guest. Name of shared
#folder must match 'NetBeansProjects'
mkdir -p $HOME/NetBeansProjects

if [ -f /sbin/mount.vboxsf ]
then
sudo /sbin/umount $HOME/NetBeansProjects
sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects $HOME/NetBeansProjects
fi

if mountpoint -q $HOME/NetBeansProjects
then
#Add it to the start script to automate process...
if ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects $HOME/NetBeansProjects" $locStartScript
then
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects $HOME/NetBeansProjects" | sudo tee -a $locStartScript
fi
chmod +x $locStartScript

#Create a mount and unmount script file...
rm -rf $tempWork/*
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/netbeans-mount.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects $HOME/NetBeansProjects" >> $tempWork/netbeans-mount.sh
echo "mounted NetBeansProjects" >> $tempWork/netbeans-mount.sh
echo "exit 0" >> $tempWork/netbeans-mount.sh

echo '#!/bin/bash' > /netbeans-umount.sh
echo "sudo umount $HOME/NetBeansProjects" >> $tempWork/netbeans-umount.sh
echo "unmounted NetBeansProjects" >> $tempWork/netbeans-mount.sh
echo 'exit 0' >> $tempWork/netbeans-umount.sh

#Script for mounting ALL VirtualBox shared solders....
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects $HOME/NetBeansProjects" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh

#Otherwise if there is one, but no mount, add one...
elif ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects" $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
then
sudo sed -ie '$d' $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf NetBeansProjects $HOME/NetBeansProjects" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
fi

#Script for unmounting ALL VirtualBox shared folders...
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/umount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo umount -a -t vboxsf" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted all VirtualBox shared folders'" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
fi

chmod +x $tempWork/*
sudo mv -f $tempWork/* $locBin/
rm -rf$tempWork/*
fi

wget http://download-ln.jetbrains.com/idea/ideaIC-$ideaVersion.tar.gz;
tar -zxvf $tempWork/*;

#Move it to a better location...
mv -f $tempWork/idea-IC-* $HOME/;
rm -rf $tempWork/*

sudo ln -f -s $HOME/idea-*/bin/* /usr/bin/;

#If you use VirtualBox , you can share your projects between Host and guest. Name of shared
#folder must match 'IdeaProjects'
mkdir -p $HOME/IdeaProjects

if [ -f /sbin/mount.vboxsf ]
then
sudo /sbin/umount $HOME/IdeaProjects
sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects
fi

if mountpoint -q $HOME/IdeaProjects
then
#Add it to the start script to automate process...
if ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" $locStartScript
then
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" | sudo tee -a $locStartScript
fi
chmod +x $locStartScript

#Create a mount and unmount script file...
rm -rf $tempWork/*
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" >> /idea-mount.sh
echo "echo 'mounted IdeaProjects'" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo "exit 0" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh

echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/idea-umount.sh
echo "sudo umount $HOME/IdeaProjects" >> $tempWork/idea-umount.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted IdeaProjects'" >> $tempWork/idea-mount.sh
echo 'exit 0' >> $tempWork/idea-umount.sh

#Script for mounting ALL VirtualBox shared solders....
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh

#Otherwise if there is one, but no mount, add one...
elif ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects" $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
then
sudo sed -ie '$d' $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf IdeaProjects $HOME/IdeaProjects" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
fi

#Script for unmounting ALL VirtualBox shared folders...
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/umount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo umount -a -t vboxsf" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted all VirtualBox shared folders'" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
fi

chmod +x $tempWork/*
sudo mv -f $tempWork/* $locBin/
rm -rf $tempWork/*
fi

if [ -f /sbin/mount.vboxsf ]
then
sudo /sbin/umount $HOME/SVN
sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN $HOME/SVN
fi

if mountpoint -q $HOME/SVN
then
#Add it to the start script to automate process...
if ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN $HOME/SVN" $locStartScript
then
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN $HOME/SVN" | sudo tee -a $locStartScript
fi
chmod +x $locStartScript

#Create a mount and unmount script file...
rm -rf $tempWork/*
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/svn-mount.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN $HOME/SVN" >> /svn-mount.sh
echo "echo 'mounted SVN'" >> $tempWork/svn-mount.sh
echo "exit 0" >> $tempWork/svn-mount.sh

echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/svn-umount.sh
echo "sudo umount $HOME/SVN" >> $tempWork/svn-umount.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted SVN'" >> $tempWork/svn-mount.sh
echo 'exit 0' >> $tempWork/svn-umount.sh

#Script for mounting ALL VirtualBox shared solders....
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN $HOME/SVN" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/mount-all-from-host.sh

#Otherwise if there is one, but no mount, add one...
elif ! grep "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN" $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
then
sudo sed -ie '$d' $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo /sbin/mount.vboxsf SVN $HOME/SVN" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $locBin/mount-all-from-host.sh
fi

#Script for unmounting ALL VirtualBox shared folders...
#If there isn't one create one...
if [ ! -f $locBin/umount-all-from-host.sh ]
then
echo '#!/bin/bash' > $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "sudo umount -a -t vboxsf" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "echo 'unmounted all VirtualBox shared folders'" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
echo "exit 0" | sudo tee -a $tempWork/umount-all-from-host.sh
fi

chmod +x $tempWork/*
sudo mv -f $tempWork/* $locBin/
rm -rf $tempWork/*
fi

sudo rm -rf $tempWork
sudo /sbin/reboot

exit 0