Java 如何模拟URL连接
嗨,我有一个方法,它将URL作为输入,并确定它是否可访问。 下面是代码:Java 如何模拟URL连接,java,junit,mocking,powermock,jmockit,Java,Junit,Mocking,Powermock,Jmockit,嗨,我有一个方法,它将URL作为输入,并确定它是否可访问。 下面是代码: public static boolean isUrlAccessible(final String urlToValidate) throws WAGNetworkException { URL url = null; HttpURLConnection huc = null; int responseCode = -1; try {
public static boolean isUrlAccessible(final String urlToValidate) throws WAGNetworkException {
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection huc = null;
int responseCode = -1;
try {
url = new URL(urlToValidate);
huc = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
huc.setRequestMethod("HEAD");
huc.connect();
responseCode = huc.getResponseCode();
} catch (final UnknownHostException e) {
throw new WAGNetworkException(WAGConstants.INTERNET_CONNECTION_EXCEPTION);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new WAGNetworkException(WAGConstants.INVALID_URL_EXCEPTION);
} finally {
if (huc != null) {
huc.disconnect();
}
}
return responseCode == 200;
}
我想使用
PowerMockito
对isurlacables()方法进行单元测试。我觉得我需要使用whenNew()
来模拟URL
的创建,当调用URL.openConnection()
时,返回另一个模拟HttpURLConnection
对象。但我不知道如何实施这一点?我走对了吗?有人能帮我实现这个吗?你可以用
whenNew(URL.class)..
确保从该whenNew调用返回先前创建的模拟对象
URL mockUrl = Mockito.mock(URL.class);
whenNew(URL.class).....thenReturn(mockUrl );
然后,您可以根据需要将行为添加到模拟中。找到了解决方案。首先模拟URL类,然后模拟HttpURLConnection,当调用URL.openconnection()时,返回这个模拟的HttpURLConnection对象,最后将其响应代码设置为200。代码如下:
@Test
public void function() throws Exception{
RuleEngineUtil r = new RuleEngineUtil();
URL u = PowerMockito.mock(URL.class);
String url = "http://www.sdsgle.com";
PowerMockito.whenNew(URL.class).withArguments(url).thenReturn(u);
HttpURLConnection huc = PowerMockito.mock(HttpURLConnection.class);
PowerMockito.when(u.openConnection()).thenReturn(huc);
PowerMockito.when(huc.getResponseCode()).thenReturn(200);
assertTrue(r.isUrlAccessible(url));
}
为了通过
mockito
库模拟java.net.URL类,您需要执行以下步骤:
- 在src/tests/resources目录中创建一个名为“mockitoextensions”的目录
- 在名为org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker的文件夹中创建文本文件,并将
text放入该文件李>mock maker内联
- 您可以按如下方式模拟该类:
package myproject;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
public class Test {
@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
URL url = mock(URL.class);
HttpURLConnection huc = mock(HttpURLConnection.class);
when(url.openConnection()).thenReturn(huc);
assertTrue(url.openConnection() instanceof HttpURLConnection);
}
}
URL是最后一个类。为了模拟最后一个类,我们可以将PowerMockito与Junit一起使用。 为了模拟最后一个类,我们需要用@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)和@PrepareForTest({URL.class})注释测试类 但是在行PowerMockito.when(url.openConnection()).thenReturn(huc)引发以下错误:
java.lang.AbstractMethodError
at java.net.URL.openConnection(URL.java:971)
at java_net_URL$openConnection.call(Unknown Source)
为了消除此错误,我们可以修改我们的测试类,如下所示:
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({ URL.class })
public class Test {
@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
public class UrlWrapper {
URL url;
public UrlWrapper(String spec) throws MalformedURLException {
url = new URL(spec);
}
public URLConnection openConnection() throws IOException {
return url.openConnection();
}
}
UrlWrapper url = Mockito.mock(UrlWrapper.class);
HttpURLConnection huc = Mockito.mock(HttpURLConnection.class);
PowerMockito.when(url.openConnection()).thenReturn(huc);
assertTrue(url.openConnection() instanceof HttpURLConnection);
}
}
访问:使用JMockit模拟API要简单得多(没有模拟更简单):
(在JDKs 8和9上使用JMockit 1.47进行了验证。)尽管此线程有一些好的建议,但如果您中的任何人对使用这些第三方库不感兴趣,这里有一个快速的解决方案
public class MockHttpURLConnection extends HttpURLConnection {
private int responseCode;
private URL url;
private InputStream inputStream;
public MockHttpURLConnection(URL u){
super(null);
this.url=u;
}
@Override
public int getResponseCode() {
return responseCode;
}
public void setResponseCode(int responseCode) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
}
@Override
public URL getURL() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(URL url) {
this.url = url;
}
@Override
public InputStream getInputStream() {
return inputStream;
}
public void setInputStream(InputStream inputStream) {
this.inputStream = inputStream;
}
@Override
public void disconnect() {
}
@Override
public boolean usingProxy() {
return false;
}
@Override
public void connect() throws IOException {
}
}
这就是如何设置所需的行为
MockHttpURLConnection httpURLConnection=new MockHttpURLConnection(new URL("my_fancy_url"));
InputStream stream=new ByteArrayInputStream(json_response.getBytes());
httpURLConnection.setInputStream(stream);
httpURLConnection.setResponseCode(200);
注意:它只模拟了
HttpUrlConnection
中的3个方法,如果要使用更多方法,则需要确保这些方法也是模拟的 不管它值多少钱,我建议您仔细研究一下JMockit(JMockit.github.io),然后看看您是否可以放弃它——我不能,而且从那以后它一直是我的模拟框架。这是否有效,它在第PowerMockito.when(u.openConnection())行给我一个错误。然后返回(huc)代码>,说AbstractMethodError.com对我也不起作用。。。我得到:java.NET.MalFrimeUrLeExpRe:没有嘲讽URL的协议,你也应该考虑添加@ PravaReFielt({ URL.class,}),因为我们不能模拟最后一个类(URL)@ DON,Powermockito可以模拟最后一个类(URL)。
public class MockHttpURLConnection extends HttpURLConnection {
private int responseCode;
private URL url;
private InputStream inputStream;
public MockHttpURLConnection(URL u){
super(null);
this.url=u;
}
@Override
public int getResponseCode() {
return responseCode;
}
public void setResponseCode(int responseCode) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
}
@Override
public URL getURL() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(URL url) {
this.url = url;
}
@Override
public InputStream getInputStream() {
return inputStream;
}
public void setInputStream(InputStream inputStream) {
this.inputStream = inputStream;
}
@Override
public void disconnect() {
}
@Override
public boolean usingProxy() {
return false;
}
@Override
public void connect() throws IOException {
}
}
MockHttpURLConnection httpURLConnection=new MockHttpURLConnection(new URL("my_fancy_url"));
InputStream stream=new ByteArrayInputStream(json_response.getBytes());
httpURLConnection.setInputStream(stream);
httpURLConnection.setResponseCode(200);