Java-如何从一组图像中按顺序绘制图像

我试图创建一个精灵类，每个数组中包含3帧，表示每个方向。这个类将实现一个actionlistener和keylistener，所以当我按下W键时，这个类将设置精灵向前移动的动画，绘制图像帧，给人一种行走的错觉

我在网上研究了一些关于这个问题的话题，结果是一次失败的尝试

我必须初始化当前位置积分和速度，显示它在屏幕上移动的速度。我需要一个计时器类来运行动画

我必须得到矩形边界，这样才能计算碰撞之间的交点。我正在学习游戏开发，并学习了计算机编程的基础知识。我仍然是一个业余的java编程者，并且在解决我的问题上只做了几次尝试

这里是图像加载的地方。取决于KeyEvent，它会发生变化。getImage（）递增当前帧整数

public class Sophia {
private int dx;
private int dy;
private int x;
private int y;

private Image img;

private Image[] sophia_down;
private Image[] sophia_left;
private Image[] sophia_right;
private Image[] sophia_up;

public Sophia(){
    x = 40;
    y = 60;

}

public void move(){
    x += dx;
    y += dy;

}

public int getX(){
    return x;
}

public int getY(){
    return y;
}

public Image getImage(){
    return img;
}

int current_frame = 0;
public int tick(){
    if(current_frame == 4)current_frame =0;

    return current_frame++;
}


public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){
    int key = e.getKeyCode();
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
        dx = -1; 
        ImageIcon ii = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l1.png");
        sophia_left = new Image[4];
        sophia_left[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l1.png").getImage();
        sophia_left[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l2.png").getImage();
        sophia_left[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l3.png").getImage();
        sophia_left[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l4.png").getImage();
        img = sophia_left[tick()];
    }
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
        dx = 1; 

        sophia_right = new Image[4];
        sophia_right[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r1.png").getImage();
        sophia_right[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r2.png").getImage();
        sophia_right[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r3.png").getImage();
        sophia_right[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r4.png").getImage();
        img = sophia_right[tick()];

    }
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
        dy = -1; 
        sophia_up = new Image[4];
        sophia_up[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u1.png").getImage();
        sophia_up[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u2.png").getImage();
        sophia_up[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u3.png").getImage();
        sophia_up[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u4.png").getImage();
        img = sophia_up[tick()];
    }
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
        dy = 1; 
        ImageIcon ii = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d1.png");
        sophia_down = new Image[4];
        sophia_down[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d1.png").getImage();
        sophia_down[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d2.png").getImage();
        sophia_down[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d3.png").getImage();
        sophia_down[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d4.png").getImage();
        img = sophia_down[tick()];
    }

}


public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){
    int key = e.getKeyCode();
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
        dx = 0;
        current_frame = 0;
    }
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
        dx = 0;
        current_frame = 0;
    }
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
        dy = 0;
        current_frame = 0;
    }
    if(key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
        dy = 0;
        current_frame = 0;
    }
}

}

这里是绘制图像的地方

    public class Map extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
    Timer  t;
    Sophia sophia;


    public Map(){
        addKeyListener(new TAdapter());
        setFocusable(true);
        setBackground(Color.black);
        setDoubleBuffered(true);

        sophia = new Sophia();
        npc = new NPC();

        t = new Timer(5, this);
        t.start();
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g){
        super.paint(g);

        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;
        g2d.drawImage(sophia.getImage(), sophia.getX(), sophia.getY(), this);


        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
        g.dispose();
    }

   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
       sophia.move();
       repaint();
   }

   private class TAdapter extends KeyAdapter {
       public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){
           sophia.keyReleased(e);
       }
       public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){
           sophia.keyPressed(e);
       }
   }

}

这是主课

public class Zion extends JFrame {
int screenWidth = 640;
int screenHeight = 480;


public Zion(){
   Map m = new Map();
   add(m);

   setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
   setSize(600,600);
   setLocationRelativeTo(null);
   setTitle("Zion - Version: 0.3");
   setResizable(false);
   setVisible(true);
}



public static void main(String[] args) {
   new Zion();

}

}

---

如何减慢动画的速度。图像变快了。没有延迟

我找到了如何通过使用计时器增加帧来减慢动画的速度，因为在保存所有图形调用的JPanel中有一个单独的计时器可以重新绘制

在本课程中，你将看到一个精灵来回移动。我甚至为碰撞检测初始化了一个边界框

public class NPC {
    private int x;
    private int y;
    private int dx;
    private int dy;

    Image npc_img;
    Image[] npc_l;
    Image[] npc_r;
    Image[] npc_d;
    Image[] npc_u;

    Rectangle boundBox;

    int current_frame = 0;
    int distance = 0;

    Timer t = new Timer(300, new ActionListener(){
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
            current_frame++;
            if(current_frame == 4)current_frame = 0;

            initLeft(current_frame);

            if(dx == -1 && dy == 0)initLeft(current_frame);
            if(dx == 1 && dy == 0)initRight(current_frame);
            if(dy == -1 && dx == 0)initUp(current_frame);
            if(dy == 1 && dx == 0)initDown(current_frame);

            distance++;
            if(distance <= 5){
                dx = -1;
                dy = 0;
            }
            if(distance >= 5){
                dx = 1;
                dy = 0;
            }
            if(distance == 9)distance = 0;

        }
    });

    public int getX(){return x;}
    public int getY(){return y;}

    public void move(){
        x += dx;
        y += dy;
        boundBox = new Rectangle(x, y, 60, 60);
    }

    public Image getImage(){return npc_img;}

    public void initLeft(int frame){
        npc_l = new Image[4];
        npc_l[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_l1.png").getImage();
        npc_l[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_l2.png").getImage();
        npc_l[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_l3.png").getImage();
        npc_l[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_l4.png").getImage();
        npc_img = npc_l[frame];
    }
    public void initRight(int frame){
        npc_r = new Image[4];
        npc_r[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_r1.png").getImage();
        npc_r[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_r2.png").getImage();
        npc_r[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_r3.png").getImage();
        npc_r[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_r4.png").getImage();
        npc_img = npc_r[frame];
    }public void initDown(int frame){
        npc_d = new Image[4];
        npc_d[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_d1.png").getImage();
        npc_d[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_d2.png").getImage();
        npc_d[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_d3.png").getImage();
        npc_d[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_d4.png").getImage();
        npc_img = npc_d[frame];
    }
    public void initUp(int frame){
        npc_u = new Image[4];
        npc_u[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_u1.png").getImage();
        npc_u[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_u2.png").getImage();
        npc_u[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_u3.png").getImage();
        npc_u[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\npc_u4.png").getImage();
        npc_img = npc_u[frame];
    }

    public void interact(Graphics g){
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.drawString("Greetings", (x - 20), (y - 10));
    }

    public NPC(){
        x = 250;
        y = 250;
        t.start();
    }
}

---

更新了索菲亚的课程。哪个是运动员

public class Sophia {
    private int dx;
    private int dy;
    private int x;
    private int y;

    private Image img;

    private Image[] sophia_down;
    private Image[] sophia_left;
    private Image[] sophia_right;
    private Image[] sophia_up;

    Rectangle boundBox;

    public Sophia(){
        x = 40;
        y = 60;

    }

    public void move(){
        x += dx;
        y += dy;
        boundBox = new Rectangle(x, y, 62, 62);
        t.start();
    }

    public int getX(){
        return x;
    }

    public int getY(){
        return y;
    }

    public Image getImage(){
        return img;
    }

    int current_frame = 0;
    Timer t = new Timer(150, new ActionListener(){
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){

            current_frame++;
            if(current_frame == 4)current_frame = 0;
        }
    });


    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){
        int key = e.getKeyCode();
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            dx = -1; 

            sophia_left = new Image[4];
            sophia_left[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l1.png").getImage();
            sophia_left[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l2.png").getImage();
            sophia_left[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l3.png").getImage();
            sophia_left[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_left[current_frame];
        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            dx = 1; 

            sophia_right = new Image[4];
            sophia_right[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r1.png").getImage();
            sophia_right[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r2.png").getImage();
            sophia_right[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r3.png").getImage();
            sophia_right[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_right[current_frame];

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            dy = -1; 

            sophia_up = new Image[4];
            sophia_up[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u1.png").getImage();
            sophia_up[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u2.png").getImage();
            sophia_up[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u3.png").getImage();
            sophia_up[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_up[current_frame];
        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            dy = 1; 

            sophia_down = new Image[4];
            sophia_down[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d1.png").getImage();
            sophia_down[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d2.png").getImage();
            sophia_down[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d3.png").getImage();
            sophia_down[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_down[current_frame];
        }

    }


    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){
        int key = e.getKeyCode();
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            dx = 0;

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            dx = 0;

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            dy = 0;

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            dy = 0;

        }
    }
}

---

“…结果是一次失败的尝试。”

——您没有向我们显示（？）。您需要知道动画的总体帧速率和循环中的当前帧，例如，如果渲染25fps，精灵工作表中的每一帧都需要在每个动画周期中显示8.3帧。每移动2个像素，该帧将向哪个方向递增。我可以加载图像并将其显示在Jpanel上。我无法做到的是加载一组图像，并在屏幕上每移动2个像素，每帧显示一幅图像。我也不想要像一系列图像一样的轨迹。我将不得不处理和重新油漆。我很难把代码拼在一起。如果有人能写一个有效的例子就好了。这就是我的研究让我走了多远。编辑

public class Sophia {
    private int dx;
    private int dy;
    private int x;
    private int y;

    private Image img;

    private Image[] sophia_down;
    private Image[] sophia_left;
    private Image[] sophia_right;
    private Image[] sophia_up;

    Rectangle boundBox;

    public Sophia(){
        x = 40;
        y = 60;

    }

    public void move(){
        x += dx;
        y += dy;
        boundBox = new Rectangle(x, y, 62, 62);
        t.start();
    }

    public int getX(){
        return x;
    }

    public int getY(){
        return y;
    }

    public Image getImage(){
        return img;
    }

    int current_frame = 0;
    Timer t = new Timer(150, new ActionListener(){
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){

            current_frame++;
            if(current_frame == 4)current_frame = 0;
        }
    });


    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){
        int key = e.getKeyCode();
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            dx = -1; 

            sophia_left = new Image[4];
            sophia_left[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l1.png").getImage();
            sophia_left[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l2.png").getImage();
            sophia_left[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l3.png").getImage();
            sophia_left[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_l4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_left[current_frame];
        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            dx = 1; 

            sophia_right = new Image[4];
            sophia_right[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r1.png").getImage();
            sophia_right[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r2.png").getImage();
            sophia_right[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r3.png").getImage();
            sophia_right[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_r4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_right[current_frame];

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            dy = -1; 

            sophia_up = new Image[4];
            sophia_up[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u1.png").getImage();
            sophia_up[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u2.png").getImage();
            sophia_up[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u3.png").getImage();
            sophia_up[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_u4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_up[current_frame];
        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            dy = 1; 

            sophia_down = new Image[4];
            sophia_down[0] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d1.png").getImage();
            sophia_down[1] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d2.png").getImage();
            sophia_down[2] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d3.png").getImage();
            sophia_down[3] = new ImageIcon("C:\\imgs\\zion\\sophia_d4.png").getImage();
            img = sophia_down[current_frame];
        }

    }


    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){
        int key = e.getKeyCode();
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            dx = 0;

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            dx = 0;

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            dy = 0;

        }
        if(key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            dy = 0;

        }
    }
}