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如何使用2个JPanel对象对齐JButton以形成基本的java GUI

java swing user-interface

如何使用2个JPanel对象对齐JButton以形成基本的java GUI,java,swing,user-interface,awt,layout-manager,Java,Swing,User Interface,Awt,Layout Manager,我正在尝试重新创建以下非常基本的GUI，如图所示： 我的输出如下： import java.util.*; import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.border.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class GUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener, WindowListener { private JButton circleB

我正在尝试重新创建以下非常基本的GUI，如图所示：

我的输出如下：

import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class GUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener, WindowListener
{
private JButton circleButton;
private JButton rectangleButton;
private JButton redButton;
private JButton greenButton;
private JButton blueButton;
private JButton exitButton;
private JTextField textField1;
private JLabel label1;
private JPanel contentPane;
private JPanel colorPane;
private JPanel shapePane;
private JFrame contentFrame;
private int count;

public GUI (String title)
{
    super(title);

    //setResizable(false);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    //setBounds(100, 100, 945, 580);

    //contentFrame = new JFrame();
    //contentPane = new JPanel();
    //contentFrame.add(contentPane);
    //contentPane.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(50, 5, 232), 4, true));

    //setContentPane(contentPane);
    //contentPane.setLayout(null);

    colorPane = new JPanel();
    //colorPane.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(34, 174, 82), 1, true));
    colorPane.setBounds(10, 32, 515, 125);

    //contentPane.add(colorPane);
    //colorPane.setLayout(null);


    shapePane = new JPanel();
    shapePane.setBounds(10, 165, 515, 315);
    //shapePane.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(34, 174, 82), 1, true));

    //contentPane.add(shapePane);
    //shapePane.setLayout(null);


    circleButton = new JButton("Circle");
    circleButton.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
    rectangleButton = new JButton("Rectangle");
    rectangleButton.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
    greenButton = new JButton("Green");
    redButton = new JButton("Red");
    blueButton = new JButton("Blue");
    exitButton = new JButton("Exit");
    textField1 = new JTextField(20);
    label1 = new JLabel("current time here");


    colorPane.add(redButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    colorPane.add(greenButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    colorPane.add(blueButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);


    shapePane.add(rectangleButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    shapePane.add(circleButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    shapePane.add(exitButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

    getContentPane().add(textField1, BorderLayout.EAST);
    getContentPane().add(label1, BorderLayout.WEST);



    getContentPane().add(colorPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    //contentFrame.add(colorPane);
    getContentPane().add(shapePane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    //contentFrame.add(shapePane);
}

@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) 
{
    System.exit(0);

}

@Override
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

}

我很难格式化JButtons。首先，无论我做什么，我都无法在第一个面板下方显示第二个面板，即“shapePane”和“colorPane”。其次，我无法正确地将按钮的y轴变大，以使它们看起来更胖。此外，顶部面板“shapePane”似乎随着窗口大小的调整而动态移动，而第二个“colorPane”则保持在固定位置，不管窗口大小如何

如果有人能提供一些帮助，我将不胜感激

到目前为止，我的代码如下：

import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class GUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener, WindowListener
{
private JButton circleButton;
private JButton rectangleButton;
private JButton redButton;
private JButton greenButton;
private JButton blueButton;
private JButton exitButton;
private JTextField textField1;
private JLabel label1;
private JPanel contentPane;
private JPanel colorPane;
private JPanel shapePane;
private JFrame contentFrame;
private int count;

public GUI (String title)
{
    super(title);

    //setResizable(false);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    //setBounds(100, 100, 945, 580);

    //contentFrame = new JFrame();
    //contentPane = new JPanel();
    //contentFrame.add(contentPane);
    //contentPane.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(50, 5, 232), 4, true));

    //setContentPane(contentPane);
    //contentPane.setLayout(null);

    colorPane = new JPanel();
    //colorPane.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(34, 174, 82), 1, true));
    colorPane.setBounds(10, 32, 515, 125);

    //contentPane.add(colorPane);
    //colorPane.setLayout(null);


    shapePane = new JPanel();
    shapePane.setBounds(10, 165, 515, 315);
    //shapePane.setBorder(new LineBorder(new Color(34, 174, 82), 1, true));

    //contentPane.add(shapePane);
    //shapePane.setLayout(null);


    circleButton = new JButton("Circle");
    circleButton.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
    rectangleButton = new JButton("Rectangle");
    rectangleButton.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
    greenButton = new JButton("Green");
    redButton = new JButton("Red");
    blueButton = new JButton("Blue");
    exitButton = new JButton("Exit");
    textField1 = new JTextField(20);
    label1 = new JLabel("current time here");


    colorPane.add(redButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    colorPane.add(greenButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    colorPane.add(blueButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);


    shapePane.add(rectangleButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    shapePane.add(circleButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    shapePane.add(exitButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

    getContentPane().add(textField1, BorderLayout.EAST);
    getContentPane().add(label1, BorderLayout.WEST);



    getContentPane().add(colorPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    //contentFrame.add(colorPane);
    getContentPane().add(shapePane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    //contentFrame.add(shapePane);
}

@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) 
{
    System.exit(0);

}

@Override
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

}
以下内容应该可以帮助您开始：

设置标签的垂直和水平位置，使其显示在左下角 以及所需的宽度。对于更多的布局灵活性，考虑在<<代码> jPoCTs/COD> >中修改它：

    label1 = new JLabel("current time here");
    label1.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.BOTTOM);
    label1.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
    label1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 0)); //height is set by the layout manger
    getContentPane().add(label1, BorderLayout.WEST);
为按钮窗格使用网格布局：

    colorPane = new JPanel();
    colorPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 3));
初始化按钮并将其逐个添加到网格窗格：

    redButton = makeButton("Red");
    colorPane.add(redButton);
其中
makeButton
是一种避免重复代码的方法：

private JButton makeButton(String text) {
    JButton b = new JButton(text);
    b.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
    b.addActionListener(this);
    b.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 55)); //set preferred and let Layout manager do its work
    return b;
}
设置文本区域的列数。其高度由布局管理器设置：

textArea = new JTextArea(0,20);
getContentPane().add(textArea, BorderLayout.EAST);
总而言之：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;

public class GUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
    private final JButton circleButton, rectangleButton, redButton;
    private final JButton greenButton, blueButton, exitButton;
    private final JTextArea textArea;
    private final JLabel label1;
    private final JPanel colorPane;

    private static final int ROWS = 2, COLS = 3;

    public GUI (String title)
    {
        super(title);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //set label's vertical and horizontal position so it appears in the bottom left
        //and and its desired width
        //for more layout flexibility consider warping it in a JFrame
        label1 = new JLabel("current time here");
        label1.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.BOTTOM);
        label1.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
        label1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 0)); //height is set by the layout manger
        getContentPane().add(label1, BorderLayout.WEST);

        //use a GridLayout for the buttons pane
        colorPane = new JPanel();
        colorPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(ROWS, COLS));
        getContentPane().add(colorPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);//each BorderLayout position can hold ONE component

        redButton = makeButton("Red");
        colorPane.add(redButton);
        greenButton = makeButton("Green");
        colorPane.add(greenButton);
        blueButton = makeButton("Blue");
        colorPane.add(blueButton);
        rectangleButton = makeButton("Rectangle");
        colorPane.add(rectangleButton);
        circleButton = makeButton("Circle");
        colorPane.add(circleButton);
        exitButton = makeButton("Exit");
        colorPane.add(exitButton);

        //set the text area number of columns. Its height is set by the layout manger
        textArea = new JTextArea(0,20);
        getContentPane().add(textArea, BorderLayout.EAST);

        pack();
    }

    private JButton makeButton(String text) {
        JButton b = new JButton(text);
        b.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
        b.addActionListener(this);
        b.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 55)); //set preferred and let Layout manager do its work
        return b;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println(((JButton)e.getSource()).getText()+ " button pressed");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new GUI("My Gui").setVisible(true);
    }
}

一个简单的增强可以是将所有按钮引用存储在
地图中
：

public class GUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
    private Map <String, JButton> buttons; // a map to hold references to all buttons 
    private final JTextArea textArea;
    private final JLabel label1;
    private final JPanel colorPane;

    private static final int ROWS = 2, COLS = 3;
    private static final String[] BUTTON_LABELS = {"Red","Green", "Blue", "Rectangle", "Circle", "Exit"};

    public GUI (String title)
    {
        super(title);
        buttons = new HashMap<>();
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //set label's vertical and horizontal position so it appears in the bottom left
        //and and its desired width
        //for more layout flexibility consider warping it in a JFrame
        label1 = new JLabel("current time here");
        label1.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.BOTTOM);
        label1.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
        label1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 0)); //height is set by the layout manger
        getContentPane().add(label1, BorderLayout.WEST);

        //use a GridLayout for the buttons pane
        colorPane = new JPanel();
        colorPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(ROWS, COLS));
        getContentPane().add(colorPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);//each BorderLayout position can hold ONE component

        for(String text : BUTTON_LABELS){
            JButton button = makeButton(text);
            colorPane.add(button);
            buttons.put(text, button);
        }

        //set the text area number of columns. Its height is set by the layout manger
        textArea = new JTextArea(0,20);
        getContentPane().add(textArea, BorderLayout.EAST);

        pack();
    }

    private JButton makeButton(String text) {
        JButton b = new JButton(text);
        b.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
        b.addActionListener(this);
        b.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(125, 55)); //set preferred and let Layout manager do its work
        return b;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println(((JButton)e.getSource()).getText()+ " button pressed");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new GUI("My Gui").setVisible(true);
    }
}

公共类GUI扩展JFrame实现ActionListener
{
私有映射按钮；//用于保存对所有按钮的引用的映射
私人最终JTextArea textArea；
私人最终JLabel标签1；
私人最终JPanel彩色窗格；
私有静态final int ROWS=2，COLS=3；
私有静态最终字符串[]按钮标签={“红色”、“绿色”、“蓝色”、“矩形”、“圆形”、“退出”}；
公共GUI（字符串标题）
{
超级（标题）；
按钮=新HashMap（）；
setDefaultCloseOperation（JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE）；
//设置标签的垂直和水平位置，使其显示在左下角
//以及所需的宽度
/对于更多的布局灵活性，考虑在JFrice中修改它。
label1=新的JLabel（“此处的当前时间”）；
标签1.设置垂直对齐（旋转恒温器底部）；
标签1.设置水平对齐（左摆角）；
label1.setPreferredSize（新尺寸（200，0））；//高度由布局管理器设置
getContentPane（）.add（label1，BorderLayout.WEST）；
//为按钮窗格使用网格布局
colorPane=newjpanel（）；
setLayout（新的网格布局（行、列））；
getContentPane（）.add（colorPane，BorderLayout.CENTER）；//每个BorderLayout位置可以容纳一个组件
用于（字符串文本：按钮\标签）{
JButton button=makeButton（文本）；
颜色窗格。添加（按钮）；
按钮。放置（文本，按钮）；
}
//设置文本区域的列数。其高度由布局管理器设置
textArea=新的JTextArea（0,20）；
getContentPane（）.add（textArea，BorderLayout.EAST）；
包装（）；
}
私有JButton makeButton（字符串文本）{
JButton b=新JButton（文本）；
b、 设置水平对齐（SwingConstants.左）；
b、 addActionListener（此）；
b、 setPreferredSize（新维度（125，55））；//设置preferred并让布局管理器完成其工作
返回b；
}
@凌驾
已执行的公共无效操作（操作事件e）{
System.out.println（（（JButton）e.getSource（））.getText（）+“按下按钮”）；
}
公共静态void main（字符串[]args）{
新GUI（“我的GUI”）.setVisible（true）；
}
}

顶部GUI似乎由两个
GridLayout
实例组成。一个用于按钮（并拉伸每个按钮以适合）。然后将该
buttonPanel
作为第二个单元格添加到网格布局中，该网格布局为一行，包含
dateLabel
、
buttonPanel
和
textArea
。一般提示：1）
setBounds（…）不要调用此方法。布局将忽略结果。2） 
private JTextField textField1应该是
私有JTextArea textArea1
正如其高度所示，它适用于多行文本。但请注意“GUI应如下所示（小偏差即可）。”我认为您当前的GUI应良好，而且，它看起来比提供的图像更好。您想查看
GridLayout
谢谢您的帮助。您能告诉我如何为这些按钮添加绘图功能，以便它们在单击时绘制指定的图形吗？我首先尝试实现绘图，然后根据选择的颜色实现形状的颜色。