Java 为什么BuffereImage需要超出其数据数组大小的内存?

Java 为什么BuffereImage需要超出其数据数组大小的内存?,java,heap,bufferedimage,Java,Heap,Bufferedimage,我试图确定任何给定类型的\u INT\u ARGB将使用多少堆,这样,对于正在进行图像处理的程序,我可以根据提供给它的图像大小设置合理的最大堆 我编写了以下程序作为测试,然后用它来确定在没有OutOfMemoryError的情况下运行的最小最大堆: import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { final int w = Intege

我试图确定任何给定类型的\u INT\u ARGB将使用多少堆,这样,对于正在进行图像处理的程序,我可以根据提供给它的图像大小设置合理的最大堆

我编写了以下程序作为测试,然后用它来确定在没有
OutOfMemoryError
的情况下运行的最小最大堆:

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

public class Test {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    final int w = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
    final int h = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);

    final BufferedImage img =
      new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

    System.out.println((4*w*h) >> 20);
  }
}
(打印的值是存储
buffereImage
像素数据的
int[]
的预期大小。)我希望找到的是所需的最大堆大小类似于
x+c
,其中,
x
是数据数组的大小,
c
是一个常量,包含加载的类的大小、
buffereImage
对象等。这是我发现的结果(所有值均以MB为单位):

4*w*h最小最大堆 ----- ------------ 5 - 10 15 20 31 40 61 80 121 160 241
1.5x
非常适合观测。(注意,我没有发现5MB图像的最小值。)我不明白我看到了什么。这些额外的字节是什么?

Oracle的虚拟机中似乎有一个bug,它是在1.6.0_16和1.6.0_20之间引入的。您甚至可以将问题归结为分配一个int数组,因为问题不仅仅与BuffereImage有关


对于1.6.0_16,我需要至少413MB堆来分配一个包含100000000个元素的int数组,这似乎是合理的。对于1.6.0_20,相同的操作需要至少573 MB的堆空间,尽管分配阵列后实际使用的字节数只有大约400000000字节。

进一步调查后,问题似乎是堆中的旧一代无法充分扩展以容纳映像的数据阵列,尽管堆中有足够的空闲内存


有关如何扩展旧一代的更多详细信息,请参阅。

问题在于BuffereImage对象将图像以未复制的格式存储在内存中。有一个有效的解决方案:您可以将映像存储在硬盘上,而不必担心堆大小或物理内存限制。它最多可存储2147483647像素(或46340 x 46340像素)BigBuffereImage解决了这个问题

创建一个BigBuffereImage:

BigBufferedImage image = BigBufferedImage.create(
        tempDir, width, height, type);
BigBufferedImage image = BigBufferedImage.create(
        imagePath, tempDir, type);
package com.pulispace.mc.ui.panorama.util;

/*
 * This class is part of MCFS (Mission Control - Flight Software) a development 
 * of Team Puli Space, official Google Lunar XPRIZE contestant. 
 * This class is released under Creative Commons CC0.
 * @author Zsolt Pocze, Dimitry Polivaev
 * Please like us on facebook, and/or join our Small Step Club.
 * http://www.pulispace.com
 * https://www.facebook.com/pulispace
 * http://nyomdmegteis.hu/en/
 */
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.image.BandedSampleModel;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.ComponentColorModel;
import java.awt.image.DataBuffer;
import java.awt.image.Raster;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.awt.image.SampleModel;
import java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageReadParam;
import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
import sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer;

public class BigBufferedImage extends BufferedImage {

    private static final String TMP_DIR = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
    public static final int MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY =  1024 * 1024;

    public static BufferedImage create(int width, int height, int imageType) {
        if (width * height > MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY) {
            try {
                final File tempDir = new File(TMP_DIR);
                return createBigBufferedImage(tempDir, width, height, imageType);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        } else {
            return new BufferedImage(width, height, imageType);
        }
    }

    public static BufferedImage create(File inputFile, int imageType) throws IOException {
        try (ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(inputFile);) {
            Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
            if (readers.hasNext()) {
                try {
                    ImageReader reader = readers.next();
                    reader.setInput(stream, true, true);
                    int width = reader.getWidth(reader.getMinIndex());
                    int height = reader.getHeight(reader.getMinIndex());
                    BufferedImage image = create(width, height, imageType);
                    int cores = Math.max(1, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() / 2);
                    int block = Math.min(MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY / cores / width, (int) (Math.ceil(height / (double) cores)));
                    ExecutorService generalExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(cores);
                    List<Callable<ImagePartLoader>> partLoaders = new ArrayList<>();
                    for (int y = 0; y < height; y += block) {
                        partLoaders.add(new ImagePartLoader(
                            y, width, Math.min(block, height - y), inputFile, image));
                    }
                    generalExecutor.invokeAll(partLoaders);
                    generalExecutor.shutdown();
                    return image;
                } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(BigBufferedImage.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static BufferedImage createBigBufferedImage(File tempDir, int width, int height, int imageType)
        throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        FileDataBuffer buffer = new FileDataBuffer(tempDir, width * height, 4);
        ColorModel colorModel = null;
        BandedSampleModel sampleModel = null;
        switch (imageType) {
            case TYPE_INT_RGB:
                colorModel = new ComponentColorModel(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB),
                    new int[]{8, 8, 8, 0},
                    false,
                    false,
                    ComponentColorModel.TRANSLUCENT,
                    DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
                sampleModel = new BandedSampleModel(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, width, height, 3);
                break;
            case TYPE_INT_ARGB:
                colorModel = new ComponentColorModel(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB),
                    new int[]{8, 8, 8, 8},
                    true,
                    false,
                    ComponentColorModel.TRANSLUCENT,
                    DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
                sampleModel = new BandedSampleModel(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, width, height, 4);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported image type: " + imageType);
        }
        SimpleRaster raster = new SimpleRaster(sampleModel, buffer, new Point(0, 0));
        BigBufferedImage image = new BigBufferedImage(colorModel, raster, colorModel.isAlphaPremultiplied(), null);
        return image;
    }

    private static class ImagePartLoader implements Callable<ImagePartLoader> {

        private final int y;
        private final BufferedImage image;
        private final Rectangle region;
        private final File file;

        public ImagePartLoader(int y, int width, int height, File file, BufferedImage image) {
            this.y = y;
            this.image = image;
            this.file = file;
            region = new Rectangle(0, y, width, height);
        }

        @Override
        public ImagePartLoader call() throws Exception {
            Thread.currentThread().setPriority((Thread.MIN_PRIORITY + Thread.NORM_PRIORITY) / 2);
            try (ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(file);) {
                Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
                if (readers.hasNext()) {
                    ImageReader reader = readers.next();
                    reader.setInput(stream, true, true);
                    ImageReadParam param = reader.getDefaultReadParam();
                    param.setSourceRegion(region);
                    BufferedImage part = reader.read(0, param);
                    Raster source = part.getRaster();
                    WritableRaster target = image.getRaster();
                    target.setRect(0, y, source);
                }
            }
            return ImagePartLoader.this;
        }
    }

    private BigBufferedImage(ColorModel cm, SimpleRaster raster, boolean isRasterPremultiplied, Hashtable<?, ?> properties) {
        super(cm, raster, isRasterPremultiplied, properties);
    }

    public void dispose() {
        ((SimpleRaster) getRaster()).dispose();
    }

    public static void dispose(RenderedImage image) {
        if (image instanceof BigBufferedImage) {
            ((BigBufferedImage) image).dispose();
        }
    }

    private static class SimpleRaster extends WritableRaster {

        public SimpleRaster(SampleModel sampleModel, FileDataBuffer dataBuffer, Point origin) {
            super(sampleModel, dataBuffer, origin);
        }

        public void dispose() {
            ((FileDataBuffer) getDataBuffer()).dispose();
        }

    }

    private static final class FileDataBufferDeleterHook extends Thread {

        static {
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new FileDataBufferDeleterHook());
        }

        private static final HashSet<FileDataBuffer> undisposedBuffers = new HashSet<>();

        @Override
        public void run() {
            final FileDataBuffer[] buffers = undisposedBuffers.toArray(new FileDataBuffer[0]);
            for (FileDataBuffer b : buffers) {
                b.disposeNow();
            }
        }
    }

    private static class FileDataBuffer extends DataBuffer {

        private final String id = "buffer-" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "-" + ((int) (Math.random() * 1000));
        private File dir;
        private String path;
        private File[] files;
        private RandomAccessFile[] accessFiles;
        private MappedByteBuffer[] buffer;

        public FileDataBuffer(File dir, int size) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            super(TYPE_BYTE, size);
            this.dir = dir;
            init();
        }

        public FileDataBuffer(File dir, int size, int numBanks) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            super(TYPE_BYTE, size, numBanks);
            this.dir = dir;
            init();
        }

        private void init() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            FileDataBufferDeleterHook.undisposedBuffers.add(this);
            if (dir == null) {
                dir = new File(".");
            }
            if (!dir.exists()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("FileDataBuffer constructor parameter dir does not exist: " + dir);
            }
            if (!dir.isDirectory()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("FileDataBuffer constructor parameter dir is not a directory: " + dir);
            }
            path = dir.getPath() + "/" + id;
            File subDir = new File(path);
            subDir.mkdir();
            buffer = new MappedByteBuffer[banks];
            accessFiles = new RandomAccessFile[banks];
            files = new File[banks];
            for (int i = 0; i < banks; i++) {
                File file = files[i] = new File(path + "/bank" + i + ".dat");
                final RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = accessFiles[i] = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
                buffer[i] = randomAccessFile.getChannel().map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, getSize());
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int getElem(int bank, int i) {
            return buffer[bank].get(i) & 0xff;
        }

        @Override
        public void setElem(int bank, int i, int val) {
            buffer[bank].put(i, (byte) val);
        }

        @Override
        protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
            dispose();
        }

        private void disposeNow() {
            final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer = this.buffer;
            this.buffer = null;
            disposeNow(disposedBuffer);
        }

        public void dispose() {
            final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer = this.buffer;
            this.buffer = null;
            new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    disposeNow(disposedBuffer);
                }
            }.start();
        }

        private void disposeNow(final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer) {
            FileDataBufferDeleterHook.undisposedBuffers.remove(this);
            if (disposedBuffer != null) {
                for (MappedByteBuffer b : disposedBuffer) {
                    ((DirectBuffer) b).cleaner().clean();
                }
            }
            if (accessFiles != null) {
                for (RandomAccessFile file : accessFiles) {
                    try {
                        file.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                accessFiles = null;
            }
            if (files != null) {
                for (File file : files) {
                    file.delete();
                }
                files = null;
            }
            if (path != null) {
                new File(path).delete();
                path = null;
            }
        }

    }
}
将现有映像加载到BigBuffereImage:

BigBufferedImage image = BigBufferedImage.create(
        tempDir, width, height, type);
BigBufferedImage image = BigBufferedImage.create(
        imagePath, tempDir, type);
package com.pulispace.mc.ui.panorama.util;

/*
 * This class is part of MCFS (Mission Control - Flight Software) a development 
 * of Team Puli Space, official Google Lunar XPRIZE contestant. 
 * This class is released under Creative Commons CC0.
 * @author Zsolt Pocze, Dimitry Polivaev
 * Please like us on facebook, and/or join our Small Step Club.
 * http://www.pulispace.com
 * https://www.facebook.com/pulispace
 * http://nyomdmegteis.hu/en/
 */
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.image.BandedSampleModel;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.ComponentColorModel;
import java.awt.image.DataBuffer;
import java.awt.image.Raster;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.awt.image.SampleModel;
import java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageReadParam;
import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
import sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer;

public class BigBufferedImage extends BufferedImage {

    private static final String TMP_DIR = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
    public static final int MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY =  1024 * 1024;

    public static BufferedImage create(int width, int height, int imageType) {
        if (width * height > MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY) {
            try {
                final File tempDir = new File(TMP_DIR);
                return createBigBufferedImage(tempDir, width, height, imageType);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        } else {
            return new BufferedImage(width, height, imageType);
        }
    }

    public static BufferedImage create(File inputFile, int imageType) throws IOException {
        try (ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(inputFile);) {
            Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
            if (readers.hasNext()) {
                try {
                    ImageReader reader = readers.next();
                    reader.setInput(stream, true, true);
                    int width = reader.getWidth(reader.getMinIndex());
                    int height = reader.getHeight(reader.getMinIndex());
                    BufferedImage image = create(width, height, imageType);
                    int cores = Math.max(1, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() / 2);
                    int block = Math.min(MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY / cores / width, (int) (Math.ceil(height / (double) cores)));
                    ExecutorService generalExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(cores);
                    List<Callable<ImagePartLoader>> partLoaders = new ArrayList<>();
                    for (int y = 0; y < height; y += block) {
                        partLoaders.add(new ImagePartLoader(
                            y, width, Math.min(block, height - y), inputFile, image));
                    }
                    generalExecutor.invokeAll(partLoaders);
                    generalExecutor.shutdown();
                    return image;
                } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(BigBufferedImage.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static BufferedImage createBigBufferedImage(File tempDir, int width, int height, int imageType)
        throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        FileDataBuffer buffer = new FileDataBuffer(tempDir, width * height, 4);
        ColorModel colorModel = null;
        BandedSampleModel sampleModel = null;
        switch (imageType) {
            case TYPE_INT_RGB:
                colorModel = new ComponentColorModel(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB),
                    new int[]{8, 8, 8, 0},
                    false,
                    false,
                    ComponentColorModel.TRANSLUCENT,
                    DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
                sampleModel = new BandedSampleModel(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, width, height, 3);
                break;
            case TYPE_INT_ARGB:
                colorModel = new ComponentColorModel(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB),
                    new int[]{8, 8, 8, 8},
                    true,
                    false,
                    ComponentColorModel.TRANSLUCENT,
                    DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
                sampleModel = new BandedSampleModel(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, width, height, 4);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported image type: " + imageType);
        }
        SimpleRaster raster = new SimpleRaster(sampleModel, buffer, new Point(0, 0));
        BigBufferedImage image = new BigBufferedImage(colorModel, raster, colorModel.isAlphaPremultiplied(), null);
        return image;
    }

    private static class ImagePartLoader implements Callable<ImagePartLoader> {

        private final int y;
        private final BufferedImage image;
        private final Rectangle region;
        private final File file;

        public ImagePartLoader(int y, int width, int height, File file, BufferedImage image) {
            this.y = y;
            this.image = image;
            this.file = file;
            region = new Rectangle(0, y, width, height);
        }

        @Override
        public ImagePartLoader call() throws Exception {
            Thread.currentThread().setPriority((Thread.MIN_PRIORITY + Thread.NORM_PRIORITY) / 2);
            try (ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(file);) {
                Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
                if (readers.hasNext()) {
                    ImageReader reader = readers.next();
                    reader.setInput(stream, true, true);
                    ImageReadParam param = reader.getDefaultReadParam();
                    param.setSourceRegion(region);
                    BufferedImage part = reader.read(0, param);
                    Raster source = part.getRaster();
                    WritableRaster target = image.getRaster();
                    target.setRect(0, y, source);
                }
            }
            return ImagePartLoader.this;
        }
    }

    private BigBufferedImage(ColorModel cm, SimpleRaster raster, boolean isRasterPremultiplied, Hashtable<?, ?> properties) {
        super(cm, raster, isRasterPremultiplied, properties);
    }

    public void dispose() {
        ((SimpleRaster) getRaster()).dispose();
    }

    public static void dispose(RenderedImage image) {
        if (image instanceof BigBufferedImage) {
            ((BigBufferedImage) image).dispose();
        }
    }

    private static class SimpleRaster extends WritableRaster {

        public SimpleRaster(SampleModel sampleModel, FileDataBuffer dataBuffer, Point origin) {
            super(sampleModel, dataBuffer, origin);
        }

        public void dispose() {
            ((FileDataBuffer) getDataBuffer()).dispose();
        }

    }

    private static final class FileDataBufferDeleterHook extends Thread {

        static {
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new FileDataBufferDeleterHook());
        }

        private static final HashSet<FileDataBuffer> undisposedBuffers = new HashSet<>();

        @Override
        public void run() {
            final FileDataBuffer[] buffers = undisposedBuffers.toArray(new FileDataBuffer[0]);
            for (FileDataBuffer b : buffers) {
                b.disposeNow();
            }
        }
    }

    private static class FileDataBuffer extends DataBuffer {

        private final String id = "buffer-" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "-" + ((int) (Math.random() * 1000));
        private File dir;
        private String path;
        private File[] files;
        private RandomAccessFile[] accessFiles;
        private MappedByteBuffer[] buffer;

        public FileDataBuffer(File dir, int size) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            super(TYPE_BYTE, size);
            this.dir = dir;
            init();
        }

        public FileDataBuffer(File dir, int size, int numBanks) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            super(TYPE_BYTE, size, numBanks);
            this.dir = dir;
            init();
        }

        private void init() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            FileDataBufferDeleterHook.undisposedBuffers.add(this);
            if (dir == null) {
                dir = new File(".");
            }
            if (!dir.exists()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("FileDataBuffer constructor parameter dir does not exist: " + dir);
            }
            if (!dir.isDirectory()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("FileDataBuffer constructor parameter dir is not a directory: " + dir);
            }
            path = dir.getPath() + "/" + id;
            File subDir = new File(path);
            subDir.mkdir();
            buffer = new MappedByteBuffer[banks];
            accessFiles = new RandomAccessFile[banks];
            files = new File[banks];
            for (int i = 0; i < banks; i++) {
                File file = files[i] = new File(path + "/bank" + i + ".dat");
                final RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = accessFiles[i] = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
                buffer[i] = randomAccessFile.getChannel().map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, getSize());
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int getElem(int bank, int i) {
            return buffer[bank].get(i) & 0xff;
        }

        @Override
        public void setElem(int bank, int i, int val) {
            buffer[bank].put(i, (byte) val);
        }

        @Override
        protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
            dispose();
        }

        private void disposeNow() {
            final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer = this.buffer;
            this.buffer = null;
            disposeNow(disposedBuffer);
        }

        public void dispose() {
            final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer = this.buffer;
            this.buffer = null;
            new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    disposeNow(disposedBuffer);
                }
            }.start();
        }

        private void disposeNow(final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer) {
            FileDataBufferDeleterHook.undisposedBuffers.remove(this);
            if (disposedBuffer != null) {
                for (MappedByteBuffer b : disposedBuffer) {
                    ((DirectBuffer) b).cleaner().clean();
                }
            }
            if (accessFiles != null) {
                for (RandomAccessFile file : accessFiles) {
                    try {
                        file.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                accessFiles = null;
            }
            if (files != null) {
                for (File file : files) {
                    file.delete();
                }
                files = null;
            }
            if (path != null) {
                new File(path).delete();
                path = null;
            }
        }

    }
}
渲染图像的一部分:

part = image.getSubimage(x, y, width, height);
BigBuffereImage的实现:

BigBufferedImage image = BigBufferedImage.create(
        tempDir, width, height, type);
BigBufferedImage image = BigBufferedImage.create(
        imagePath, tempDir, type);
package com.pulispace.mc.ui.panorama.util;

/*
 * This class is part of MCFS (Mission Control - Flight Software) a development 
 * of Team Puli Space, official Google Lunar XPRIZE contestant. 
 * This class is released under Creative Commons CC0.
 * @author Zsolt Pocze, Dimitry Polivaev
 * Please like us on facebook, and/or join our Small Step Club.
 * http://www.pulispace.com
 * https://www.facebook.com/pulispace
 * http://nyomdmegteis.hu/en/
 */
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.image.BandedSampleModel;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.ComponentColorModel;
import java.awt.image.DataBuffer;
import java.awt.image.Raster;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.awt.image.SampleModel;
import java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageReadParam;
import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
import sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer;

public class BigBufferedImage extends BufferedImage {

    private static final String TMP_DIR = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
    public static final int MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY =  1024 * 1024;

    public static BufferedImage create(int width, int height, int imageType) {
        if (width * height > MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY) {
            try {
                final File tempDir = new File(TMP_DIR);
                return createBigBufferedImage(tempDir, width, height, imageType);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        } else {
            return new BufferedImage(width, height, imageType);
        }
    }

    public static BufferedImage create(File inputFile, int imageType) throws IOException {
        try (ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(inputFile);) {
            Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
            if (readers.hasNext()) {
                try {
                    ImageReader reader = readers.next();
                    reader.setInput(stream, true, true);
                    int width = reader.getWidth(reader.getMinIndex());
                    int height = reader.getHeight(reader.getMinIndex());
                    BufferedImage image = create(width, height, imageType);
                    int cores = Math.max(1, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() / 2);
                    int block = Math.min(MAX_PIXELS_IN_MEMORY / cores / width, (int) (Math.ceil(height / (double) cores)));
                    ExecutorService generalExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(cores);
                    List<Callable<ImagePartLoader>> partLoaders = new ArrayList<>();
                    for (int y = 0; y < height; y += block) {
                        partLoaders.add(new ImagePartLoader(
                            y, width, Math.min(block, height - y), inputFile, image));
                    }
                    generalExecutor.invokeAll(partLoaders);
                    generalExecutor.shutdown();
                    return image;
                } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(BigBufferedImage.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static BufferedImage createBigBufferedImage(File tempDir, int width, int height, int imageType)
        throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        FileDataBuffer buffer = new FileDataBuffer(tempDir, width * height, 4);
        ColorModel colorModel = null;
        BandedSampleModel sampleModel = null;
        switch (imageType) {
            case TYPE_INT_RGB:
                colorModel = new ComponentColorModel(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB),
                    new int[]{8, 8, 8, 0},
                    false,
                    false,
                    ComponentColorModel.TRANSLUCENT,
                    DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
                sampleModel = new BandedSampleModel(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, width, height, 3);
                break;
            case TYPE_INT_ARGB:
                colorModel = new ComponentColorModel(ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_sRGB),
                    new int[]{8, 8, 8, 8},
                    true,
                    false,
                    ComponentColorModel.TRANSLUCENT,
                    DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE);
                sampleModel = new BandedSampleModel(DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, width, height, 4);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported image type: " + imageType);
        }
        SimpleRaster raster = new SimpleRaster(sampleModel, buffer, new Point(0, 0));
        BigBufferedImage image = new BigBufferedImage(colorModel, raster, colorModel.isAlphaPremultiplied(), null);
        return image;
    }

    private static class ImagePartLoader implements Callable<ImagePartLoader> {

        private final int y;
        private final BufferedImage image;
        private final Rectangle region;
        private final File file;

        public ImagePartLoader(int y, int width, int height, File file, BufferedImage image) {
            this.y = y;
            this.image = image;
            this.file = file;
            region = new Rectangle(0, y, width, height);
        }

        @Override
        public ImagePartLoader call() throws Exception {
            Thread.currentThread().setPriority((Thread.MIN_PRIORITY + Thread.NORM_PRIORITY) / 2);
            try (ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(file);) {
                Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
                if (readers.hasNext()) {
                    ImageReader reader = readers.next();
                    reader.setInput(stream, true, true);
                    ImageReadParam param = reader.getDefaultReadParam();
                    param.setSourceRegion(region);
                    BufferedImage part = reader.read(0, param);
                    Raster source = part.getRaster();
                    WritableRaster target = image.getRaster();
                    target.setRect(0, y, source);
                }
            }
            return ImagePartLoader.this;
        }
    }

    private BigBufferedImage(ColorModel cm, SimpleRaster raster, boolean isRasterPremultiplied, Hashtable<?, ?> properties) {
        super(cm, raster, isRasterPremultiplied, properties);
    }

    public void dispose() {
        ((SimpleRaster) getRaster()).dispose();
    }

    public static void dispose(RenderedImage image) {
        if (image instanceof BigBufferedImage) {
            ((BigBufferedImage) image).dispose();
        }
    }

    private static class SimpleRaster extends WritableRaster {

        public SimpleRaster(SampleModel sampleModel, FileDataBuffer dataBuffer, Point origin) {
            super(sampleModel, dataBuffer, origin);
        }

        public void dispose() {
            ((FileDataBuffer) getDataBuffer()).dispose();
        }

    }

    private static final class FileDataBufferDeleterHook extends Thread {

        static {
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new FileDataBufferDeleterHook());
        }

        private static final HashSet<FileDataBuffer> undisposedBuffers = new HashSet<>();

        @Override
        public void run() {
            final FileDataBuffer[] buffers = undisposedBuffers.toArray(new FileDataBuffer[0]);
            for (FileDataBuffer b : buffers) {
                b.disposeNow();
            }
        }
    }

    private static class FileDataBuffer extends DataBuffer {

        private final String id = "buffer-" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "-" + ((int) (Math.random() * 1000));
        private File dir;
        private String path;
        private File[] files;
        private RandomAccessFile[] accessFiles;
        private MappedByteBuffer[] buffer;

        public FileDataBuffer(File dir, int size) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            super(TYPE_BYTE, size);
            this.dir = dir;
            init();
        }

        public FileDataBuffer(File dir, int size, int numBanks) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            super(TYPE_BYTE, size, numBanks);
            this.dir = dir;
            init();
        }

        private void init() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
            FileDataBufferDeleterHook.undisposedBuffers.add(this);
            if (dir == null) {
                dir = new File(".");
            }
            if (!dir.exists()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("FileDataBuffer constructor parameter dir does not exist: " + dir);
            }
            if (!dir.isDirectory()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("FileDataBuffer constructor parameter dir is not a directory: " + dir);
            }
            path = dir.getPath() + "/" + id;
            File subDir = new File(path);
            subDir.mkdir();
            buffer = new MappedByteBuffer[banks];
            accessFiles = new RandomAccessFile[banks];
            files = new File[banks];
            for (int i = 0; i < banks; i++) {
                File file = files[i] = new File(path + "/bank" + i + ".dat");
                final RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = accessFiles[i] = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
                buffer[i] = randomAccessFile.getChannel().map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, getSize());
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int getElem(int bank, int i) {
            return buffer[bank].get(i) & 0xff;
        }

        @Override
        public void setElem(int bank, int i, int val) {
            buffer[bank].put(i, (byte) val);
        }

        @Override
        protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
            dispose();
        }

        private void disposeNow() {
            final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer = this.buffer;
            this.buffer = null;
            disposeNow(disposedBuffer);
        }

        public void dispose() {
            final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer = this.buffer;
            this.buffer = null;
            new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    disposeNow(disposedBuffer);
                }
            }.start();
        }

        private void disposeNow(final MappedByteBuffer[] disposedBuffer) {
            FileDataBufferDeleterHook.undisposedBuffers.remove(this);
            if (disposedBuffer != null) {
                for (MappedByteBuffer b : disposedBuffer) {
                    ((DirectBuffer) b).cleaner().clean();
                }
            }
            if (accessFiles != null) {
                for (RandomAccessFile file : accessFiles) {
                    try {
                        file.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                accessFiles = null;
            }
            if (files != null) {
                for (File file : files) {
                    file.delete();
                }
                files = null;
            }
            if (path != null) {
                new File(path).delete();
                path = null;
            }
        }

    }
}
package com.pulispace.mc.ui.panorama.util;
/*
*本课程是MCFS(任务控制飞行软件)a开发的一部分
*普力空间团队的成员,谷歌月球XPRIZE的官方参赛者。
*该类在知识共享CC0下发布。
*@作者Zsolt Pocze,Dimitry Polivaev
*请在facebook上喜欢我们,和/或加入我们的小步俱乐部。
* http://www.pulispace.com
* https://www.facebook.com/pulispace
* http://nyomdmegteis.hu/en/
*/
导入java.awt.Point;
导入java.awt.Rectangle;
导入java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
导入java.awt.image.BandedSampleModel;
导入java.awt.image.buffereImage;
导入java.awt.image.ColorModel;
导入java.awt.image.ComponentColorModel;
导入java.awt.image.DataBuffer;
导入java.awt.image.graster;
导入java.awt.image.renderImage;
导入java.awt.image.SampleModel;
导入java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
导入java.io.File;
导入java.io.FileNotFoundException;
导入java.io.IOException;
导入java.io.RandomAccessFile;
导入java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
导入java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
导入java.util.ArrayList;
导入java.util.HashSet;
导入java.util.Hashtable;
导入java.util.Iterator;
导入java.util.List;
导入java.util.concurrent.Callable;
导入java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
导入java.util.concurrent.Executors;
导入java.util.logging.Level;
导入java.util.logging.Logger;
导入javax.imageio.imageio;
导入javax.imageio.ImageReadParam;
导入javax.imageio.ImageReader;
导入javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
导入sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer;
公共类BigBuffereImage扩展了BuffereImage{
私有静态最终字符串TMP_DIR=System.getProperty(“java.io.tmpdir”);
内存中的公共静态最终整数最大像素=1024*1024;
公共静态缓冲区映像创建(int-width、int-height、int-imageType){
如果(宽度*高度>内存中的最大像素){
试一试{
最终文件tempDir=新文件(TMP_DIR);
返回CreateBigBuffereImage(tempDir、宽度、高度、imageType);
}捕获(IOE异常){
抛出新的运行时异常(e);
}
}否则{
返回新的BuffereImage(宽度、高度、图像类型);
}
}
公共静态缓冲区映像创建(文件inputFile,int imageType)引发IOException{
try(ImageInputStream=ImageIO.createImageInputStream(inputFile);){
迭代器读卡器=ImageIO.getImageReaders(流);
if(readers.hasNext()){
试一试{
ImageReader=readers.next();
setInput(流、真、真);
int-width=reader.getWidth(reader.getMinIndex());
int height=reader.getHeight(reader.getMinIndex());
BuffereImage=创建(宽度、高度、图像类型);
int cores=Math.max(1,Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()/2);
int block=Math.min(最大内存像素/内核/宽度,(int)(Math.ceil(高度/(双)内核));
ExecutorService generalExecutor=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(核心);
List partLoaders=new ArrayList();
对于(int y=0;y