java程序中的java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException和不适当的密钥规范错误

作为项目实施的一部分，我做了以下工作： 1.通用DSA密钥 2.使用AES加密私钥 3.保存到文件中 4.打开文件并读取加密的私钥 5.我尝试将读取值转换为主键格式

import java.security.spec.EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.Security;
import java.io.File;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.io.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class Pgm {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            KeyPairGenerator dsa = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
            SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
            dsa.initialize(1024, random);
            KeyPair keypair = dsa.generateKeyPair();
            PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) keypair.getPrivate();
            byte[] key = "�u���1�iw&a".getBytes();
            Key aesKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
            String currentDir = System.getProperty("user.dir");
            // encrypt the text
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
            byte[] abc = privateKey.getEncoded();

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(abc);
            // System.out.println("len="+encrypted.length());
            File dir = new File(currentDir);
            File private_file = new File(dir, "privatekey.txt");
            if (!private_file.exists()) {
                private_file.createNewFile();
            }
            FileOutputStream fileos = new FileOutputStream(private_file);
            ObjectOutputStream objectos = new ObjectOutputStream(fileos);
            objectos.writeObject(encrypted);
            objectos.close();
            fileos.close();

            File file_private = new File(dir, "privatekey.txt");
            FileInputStream fileo = new FileInputStream(file_private);
            ObjectInputStream objos = new ObjectInputStream(fileo);
            Object obj = objos.readObject();
            byte[] encrypted1 = (byte[]) obj;
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
            String decrypted = new String(cipher.doFinal(encrypted1));
            if (decrypted.equals(new String(abc)))
                System.out.println("true");
            else
                System.out.println("false");
            Signature tosign = Signature.getInstance("DSA");
            byte[] val = decrypted.getBytes();

            KeyFactory generator = KeyFactory.getInstance("DSA");
            EncodedKeySpec privateKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(val);
            PrivateKey privatekey1 = generator.generatePrivate(privateKeySpec);
            tosign.initSign(privatekey1);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("failed");
            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }
}

当我试图执行上述代码时，它显示了以下错误

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密文和密钥都应由随机字节组成。它们中的任何一个都不能用字符串1:1表示。并非所有字节都可以表示特定字节的有效编码

相反，您应该直接使用字节数组。如果需要实际文本，请使用十六进制或基数64

使用密文作为字节和以十六进制指定的密钥的代码：

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.spec.EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Arrays;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

import codec.Hex;

public class Pgm {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            KeyPairGenerator dsa = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
            SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
            dsa.initialize(1024, random);
            KeyPair keypair = dsa.generateKeyPair();
            PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) keypair.getPrivate();
            byte[] key = Hex.decode("000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F");
            Key aesKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
            String currentDir = System.getProperty("user.dir");
            // encrypt the text
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
            byte[] abc = privateKey.getEncoded();

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(abc);
            // System.out.println("len="+encrypted.length());
            File dir = new File(currentDir);
            File private_file = new File(dir, "privatekey.txt");
            if (!private_file.exists()) {
                private_file.createNewFile();
            }
            FileOutputStream fileos = new FileOutputStream(private_file);
            ObjectOutputStream objectos = new ObjectOutputStream(fileos);
            objectos.writeObject(encrypted);
            objectos.close();
            fileos.close();

            File file_private = new File(dir, "privatekey.txt");
            FileInputStream fileo = new FileInputStream(file_private);
            ObjectInputStream objos = new ObjectInputStream(fileo);
            Object obj = objos.readObject();
            byte[] encrypted1 = (byte[]) obj;
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
            byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(encrypted1);
            if (Arrays.equals(decrypted, abc))
                System.out.println("true");
            else
                System.out.println("false");
            Signature tosign = Signature.getInstance("DSA");

            KeyFactory generator = KeyFactory.getInstance("DSA");
            EncodedKeySpec privateKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decrypted);
            PrivateKey privatekey1 = generator.generatePrivate(privateKeySpec);
            tosign.initSign(privatekey1);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("failed");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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我不知道答案，但也许能帮你解决问题。如果删除AES加密，是否有效？如果删除保存到文件中的内容（将所有内容保留在内存中），是否有效？尝试删除这样的片段，看看会发生什么。感谢您的评论，但我认为问题出在代码的最后部分。我发现这个（）不确定它是否有帮助。我现在使用了Apache codec中的十六进制编解码器，但您当然可以使用任何编码。Java 8现在默认支持Base64编码，但hex还不支持（至少在

util

包中不支持）。感谢您的回复。现在代码正在运行。我代码中的问题是从字节[]到字符串以及从字符串到字节[]的不必要转换已解密字符串=新字符串（cipher.doFinal（encrypted1））；'