Java：布局按钮/标签放置

我正在尝试制作一个GUI比萨饼菜单，但我在按钮/标签的位置上遇到了问题

public class PizzaGUI extends JFrame {

private JRadioButton rdoSmall;
private JRadioButton rdoMedium;
private JRadioButton rdoLarge;
private JRadioButton rdoExtraLarge;
private JLabel lblSize;
private ButtonGroup grpSize; 
JPanel panelSize;

private JCheckBox chkPepperoni;
private JCheckBox chkMushrooms;
private JCheckBox chkOlives;
private JCheckBox chkPineapple;
private JLabel lblToppings;
JPanel panelToppings;

private JRadioButton rdoSoda;
private JRadioButton rdoTea;
private JRadioButton rdoBottledWater;
private JRadioButton rdoTapWater;
private JLabel lblDrinks;
private ButtonGroup grpDrinks;
JPanel panelDrinks;

JPanel container;
JButton calculateTotal;
JLabel order;


PizzaGUI()
{
    super("Pizza Menu");

    setSize(600,500);

    setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    createPanel();

    add(container);

    setVisible(true);

}



public void createPanel()
{

    panelSize = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 1));
    panelToppings = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 1));
    panelDrinks = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 1));

    container = new JPanel();

    //Calculate Total
    calculateTotal = new JButton("Calculate");
    calculateTotal.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(95,45));


    order = new JLabel("Your Order:");


    //Pizza Sizes
    lblSize = new JLabel("Choose a size:");
    rdoSmall = new JRadioButton("Small ($7)");
    rdoMedium = new JRadioButton("Medium ($9)");
    rdoLarge = new JRadioButton("Large ($11)");
    rdoExtraLarge = new JRadioButton("Extra Large ($14)");

    //Toppings
    lblToppings = new JLabel("Choose toppings ($1 Each):");
    chkPepperoni = new JCheckBox("Pepperoni");
    chkMushrooms = new JCheckBox("Mushrooms");
    chkOlives = new JCheckBox("Olives");
    chkPineapple = new JCheckBox("Pineapple");

    //Drinks
    lblDrinks = new JLabel("Choose a drink:");
    rdoSoda = new JRadioButton("Soda ($2.00)");
    rdoTea = new JRadioButton("Tea ($1.50)");
    rdoBottledWater = new JRadioButton("Bottled Water ($1.25)");
    rdoTapWater = new JRadioButton("Tap Water (No charge)");


    //Add pizza sizes to button group
    grpSize = new ButtonGroup();
    grpSize.add(rdoSmall);
    grpSize.add(rdoMedium);
    grpSize.add(rdoLarge);
    grpSize.add(rdoExtraLarge);

    //Add drinks to button group
    grpDrinks = new ButtonGroup();
    grpDrinks.add(rdoSoda);
    grpDrinks.add(rdoTea);
    grpDrinks.add(rdoBottledWater);
    grpDrinks.add(rdoTapWater);

    //Add to panel
    panelSize.add(lblSize);
    panelSize.add(rdoSmall);
    panelSize.add(rdoMedium);
    panelSize.add(rdoLarge);
    panelSize.add(rdoExtraLarge);

    panelToppings.add(lblToppings);
    panelToppings.add(chkPepperoni);
    panelToppings.add(chkMushrooms);
    panelToppings.add(chkOlives);
    panelToppings.add(chkPineapple);

    panelDrinks.add(lblDrinks);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoSoda);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoTea);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoBottledWater);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoTapWater);

    container.add(panelSize);
    container.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(40));
    container.add(panelToppings);
    container.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(40));
    container.add(panelDrinks);
    container.add(calculateTotal);
    container.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(100));
    container.add(order);


}





}

这就是输出

对于每种菜单类型，我有三个独立的网格布局面板，然后我将其添加到一个主面板中，主面板被添加到框架中。我想得到“你的订单：”放置在左中间，像红色显示在图像。我知道我可以将布局设置为null，这将允许我输入坐标，这将解决我的问题，但是我了解到这样做是不好的做法，我正在尝试有效地学习如何正确使用布局。我甚至不知道我是否在正确的轨道上，任何例子都会有所帮助。谢谢

也许这对你有帮助。 您可以添加一个单独的面板，然后为该面板创建一个空边框

container.add(panelSize);
container.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(40));
container.add(panelToppings);
container.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(40));
container.add(panelDrinks);
container.add(calculateTotal);


JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(10, 200, 10, 700));
panel.add(order, BorderLayout.EAST);
container.add(panel); 

---

您修改的代码可以执行您想要的操作：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.Box;
import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;

public class PizzaGUI extends JFrame {

private JRadioButton rdoSmall;
private JRadioButton rdoMedium;
private JRadioButton rdoLarge;
private JRadioButton rdoExtraLarge;
private JLabel lblSize;
private ButtonGroup grpSize; 
JPanel panelSize;

private JCheckBox chkPepperoni;
private JCheckBox chkMushrooms;
private JCheckBox chkOlives;
private JCheckBox chkPineapple;
private JLabel lblToppings;
JPanel panelToppings;

private JRadioButton rdoSoda;
private JRadioButton rdoTea;
private JRadioButton rdoBottledWater;
private JRadioButton rdoTapWater;
private JLabel lblDrinks;
private ButtonGroup grpDrinks;
JPanel panelDrinks;

JPanel container;
JButton calculateTotal;
JLabel order;


PizzaGUI()
{
    super("Pizza Menu");

    setSize(600,500);

    setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    createPanel();

    add(container);

    setVisible(true);

}

public void createPanel()
{

    panelSize = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 1));
    panelToppings = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 1));
    panelDrinks = new JPanel(new GridLayout(5, 1));

    container = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
    JPanel container2 = new JPanel();
    JPanel placedOrderPanel =  new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

    //Calculate Total
    calculateTotal = new JButton("Calculate");
    calculateTotal.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(95,45));


    order = new JLabel("Your Order:");

    placedOrderPanel.add(new JLabel("Your Order placed"));

    //Pizza Sizes
    lblSize = new JLabel("Choose a size:");
    rdoSmall = new JRadioButton("Small ($7)");
    rdoMedium = new JRadioButton("Medium ($9)");
    rdoLarge = new JRadioButton("Large ($11)");
    rdoExtraLarge = new JRadioButton("Extra Large ($14)");

    //Toppings
    lblToppings = new JLabel("Choose toppings ($1 Each):");
    chkPepperoni = new JCheckBox("Pepperoni");
    chkMushrooms = new JCheckBox("Mushrooms");
    chkOlives = new JCheckBox("Olives");
    chkPineapple = new JCheckBox("Pineapple");

    //Drinks
    lblDrinks = new JLabel("Choose a drink:");
    rdoSoda = new JRadioButton("Soda ($2.00)");
    rdoTea = new JRadioButton("Tea ($1.50)");
    rdoBottledWater = new JRadioButton("Bottled Water ($1.25)");
    rdoTapWater = new JRadioButton("Tap Water (No charge)");


    //Add pizza sizes to button group
    grpSize = new ButtonGroup();
    grpSize.add(rdoSmall);
    grpSize.add(rdoMedium);
    grpSize.add(rdoLarge);
    grpSize.add(rdoExtraLarge);

    //Add drinks to button group
    grpDrinks = new ButtonGroup();
    grpDrinks.add(rdoSoda);
    grpDrinks.add(rdoTea);
    grpDrinks.add(rdoBottledWater);
    grpDrinks.add(rdoTapWater);

    //Add to panel
    panelSize.add(lblSize);
    panelSize.add(rdoSmall);
    panelSize.add(rdoMedium);
    panelSize.add(rdoLarge);
    panelSize.add(rdoExtraLarge);

    panelToppings.add(lblToppings);
    panelToppings.add(chkPepperoni);
    panelToppings.add(chkMushrooms);
    panelToppings.add(chkOlives);
    panelToppings.add(chkPineapple);

    panelDrinks.add(lblDrinks);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoSoda);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoTea);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoBottledWater);
    panelDrinks.add(rdoTapWater);

    container2.add(panelSize);
    container2.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(40));
    container2.add(panelToppings);
    container2.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(40));
    container2.add(panelDrinks);
    container2.add(calculateTotal);
    container2.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(100));
    container2.add(order);
    container.add(container2);
    container.add(placedOrderPanel);
}

public static void main(String args[]) {
  new PizzaGUI();
}

}

---

您尚未在

容器上设置布局管理器，因此它可能会得到一个
流程布局作为默认设置。选择一个不同的布局，以提供更多的控制。我想了解一下布局管理器中一些不错的选择。我个人最喜欢的是
gridbaddlayout
；它可能是最灵活但不是最容易学的。