如何在java中终止匿名线程
这个战舰游戏是我尝试编写的第一个多线程应用程序，在我添加多线程之前，它工作得非常好，而多线程只用于声音效果。它是在一个单一的类，音频管理器 我很确定我只是缺乏关于并发性的经验和/或理解，尽管我已经阅读了java教程等。我想我只是需要一些帮助来让它点击 无论如何，游戏运行正常，直到播放了足够多的声音，导致内存不足，并出现以下错误：如何在java中终止匿名线程,java,multithreading,audio,concurrency,Java,Multithreading,Audio,Concurrency,这个战舰游戏是我尝试编写的第一个多线程应用程序，在我添加多线程之前，它工作得非常好，而多线程只用于声音效果。它是在一个单一的类，音频管理器 我很确定我只是缺乏关于并发性的经验和/或理解，尽管我已经阅读了java教程等。我想我只是需要一些帮助来让它点击 无论如何，游戏运行正常，直到播放了足够多的声音，导致内存不足，并出现以下错误： Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: unable to create
Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: unable to create new native thread
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioFormat;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem;
import javax.sound.sampled.Clip;
import javax.sound.sampled.DataLine;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineUnavailableException;
import javax.sound.sampled.SourceDataLine;
import javax.sound.sampled.UnsupportedAudioFileException;
public class AudioManager {
private static Thread backgroundThread = new Thread();
private static int loopCounter = 2;
private static Clip clip;
private static String[] backgroundFiles = {
"/40_Avalon.wav","/13_Glatisant.wav",
"/31_Lying_In_Deceit.wav","/43_Return_to_Base.wav"};
private static String[] files = {
"/bigboom.wav","/Robot_blip.wav",
"/battleStations.WAV","/beep1.wav",
"/button-47.wav","/button-35.wav",
"/beep-23.wav","/Sonar_pings.wav",
"/button-21.wav","/SONAR.WAV"};
private static AudioInputStream currentBackgroundMusic;
private static AudioInputStream currentSound;
private static boolean backgroundOn = false;
private static boolean canStart = true;
private static AudioInputStream loadSound(int s){
AudioInputStream stream = null;
try {
stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(AudioManager.class.getClass().getResource(files[s]));
} catch (UnsupportedAudioFileException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return stream;
}
private static AudioInputStream loadBackground(int s){
AudioInputStream stream = null;
try {
stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(AudioManager.class.getClass().getResource(backgroundFiles[s]));
} catch (UnsupportedAudioFileException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return stream;
}
public static void setSound(int s){
currentSound = loadSound(s);
Thread thread = new Thread(new SoundPlayer());
thread.start();
}
private static void continueMusic(){
setBackgroundMusic(loopCounter);
loopCounter++;
if(loopCounter > 3) loopCounter = 0;
}
public static void playSound(){
try {
clip = AudioSystem.getClip();
clip.open(currentSound);
} catch (LineUnavailableException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
clip.start();
}
public static void setBackgroundMusic(int s){
if (backgroundOn) {
backgroundOn = false;
canStart = false;
try {
backgroundThread.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
currentBackgroundMusic = loadBackground(s);
backgroundThread = new Thread(new MusicPlayer());
backgroundOn = true;
backgroundThread.start();
canStart = true;
}
private static void playSound2(AudioInputStream audio) {
AudioFormat audioFormat = audio.getFormat();
SourceDataLine line = null;
DataLine.Info info = new DataLine.Info(SourceDataLine.class,audioFormat);
try{
line = (SourceDataLine) AudioSystem.getLine(info);
line.open(audioFormat);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
line.start();
int nBytesRead = 0;
byte[] abData = new byte[128000];
while (nBytesRead != -1 && backgroundOn)
{
try{
nBytesRead = audio.read(abData, 0, abData.length);
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (nBytesRead == -1) break;
line.write(abData, 0, nBytesRead);
}
line.drain();
line.stop();
line.close();
line = null;
backgroundOn = false;
}
private static class MusicPlayer implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
playSound2(currentBackgroundMusic);
}
}
private static class SoundPlayer implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
playSound();
}
}
public static void loopMusic(){
Thread loop = new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
if(backgroundThread.isAlive()){
try {
backgroundThread.join(0);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if (canStart){
continueMusic();
}
}
}});
loop.start();
}
public static void reset(){
loopCounter = 2;
}
}
正如您所说，您的问题是线程仍在运行或停止，但它们使用的内存没有被java的垃圾收集器（GC）释放 线程在其run（）方法返回（完成）或抛出异常时停止。如果发生这种情况，并且代码中的任何地方都没有对该线程的引用，那么它最终将被GC删除（例如，如果您的程序需要一些内存） 因此，首先，检查您创建的线程是否处于一个令人讨厌的无限循环中，如下所示：
public void run() {
while(true){
//...
//Some code
//...
}
}
最后一个音符。考虑检查这种情况。我更喜欢它，而不是为每个新任务创建一个新线程。它可以减少混乱，提高效率。您需要去掉所有这些静态变量。这段代码不是线程安全的，因为您实际上试图将所有静态变量用作共享状态 我建议您开始在可运行对象周围传递状态。如果它们需要相互通信，请使用Java附带的内置并发实用程序。如果这还不够，请使用同步和变异对象状态 粗略地看一下您的代码后，我可以看出您的代码将遇到内存可见性问题。您可以尝试通过使静态变量易变来解决这个问题，但我怀疑这是否足够。如果将状态封装在单个对象中，代码将变得更加清晰
在你做任何进一步的工作之前，我会退一步，试着花10-15分钟来提出一个总体设计。您将拥有什么对象，每个对象将拥有什么职责，它们将处于什么状态（不可变/可变）。这些对象如何相互同步（如果它们在不同的线程中运行？您的代码不是线程安全的 等等，让我稍后再谈。你的OOME是由创建的线程太多造成的。你当前的并发体验只是阅读在线教程，对吗？这些只是介绍如何同步和共享，而不是线程如何工作 线程有很大的设置和拆卸开销，您所做的工作称为无限线程创建，这意味着您只需创建越来越多的线程，直到系统不再支持它为止 首先，您可以使用线程池来解决问题，或者更具体地说，使用
ExecutorService您认为GUI必须等待剪辑完成的假设似乎是无效的。我怀疑如果它们重叠，在同一线程上可能会发生冲突。您能确认GUI对多线程的响应更灵敏吗？我的猜测是，由于创建和启动新线程并不便宜，GUI的响应实际上较差。首先LH:噢，谢谢大家发表答案。你们都帮了大忙，解决办法就是把你们的答案结合起来。我决定把我自己的答案和我提出的解决办法一起发表出来，以利于其他可能有同样问题的人 事实证明，我确实创建了太多线程，操作系统只允许Java有一定的内存空间，所以我通过使用ExecutorService解决了这个问题 然而，我仍然有同样的问题，即使我没有显式地创建许多新线程。为什么？因为我创建了新的片段来播放声音 我认为剪辑以某种方式创建了播放声音的线程，因此它们可以在不锁定程序或GUI（我以前不了解）的情况下播放。因此，为了一劳永逸地解决这个问题，并允许我的游戏连续快速播放完全相同的声音，而无需剪辑或等待前一个声音播放
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioFormat;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem;
import javax.sound.sampled.Clip;
import javax.sound.sampled.DataLine;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineEvent;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineListener;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineUnavailableException;
import javax.sound.sampled.SourceDataLine;
import javax.sound.sampled.UnsupportedAudioFileException;
public class AudioManager {
private static ExecutorService backgroundPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
private static Future<?> backgroundStatus;
private static int loopCounter = 2;
private static String[] backgroundFiles = {
"/40_Avalon.wav","/13_Glatisant.wav",
"/31_Lying_In_Deceit.wav","/43_Return_to_Base.wav"};
private static String[] files = {
"/bigboom.wav","/Robot_blip.wav",
"/battleStations.WAV","/beep1.wav",
"/button-47.wav","/button-35.wav",
"/beep-23.wav","/Sonar_pings.wav",
"/button-21.wav","/SONAR.WAV"};
private static AudioInputStream currentBackgroundMusic;
private static boolean backgroundOn = false;
private static boolean canStart = true;
private static int[] clipIndex = new int[10];
private static Clip[][] clips = new Clip[10][10];
private static void initializeClips(int sound){
clipIndex[sound] = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++)
try {
clips[sound][i] = AudioSystem.getClip();
clips[sound][i].open(loadSound(sound));
clips[sound][i].addLineListener(new LineListener(){
@Override
public void update(LineEvent event) {
if(event.getType() == javax.sound.sampled.LineEvent.Type.STOP){
clips[sound][clipIndex[sound]].setFramePosition(0);
}
}});
} catch (LineUnavailableException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static AudioInputStream loadSound(int s){
AudioInputStream stream = null;
try {
stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(AudioManager.class.getClass().getResource(files[s]));
} catch (UnsupportedAudioFileException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return stream;
}
private static AudioInputStream loadBackground(int s){
AudioInputStream stream = null;
try {
stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(AudioManager.class.getClass().getResource(backgroundFiles[s]));
} catch (UnsupportedAudioFileException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return stream;
}
public static void setSound(int s){
if(clips[s] == null){
initializeClips(s);
}
playSound(s);
}
private static void continueMusic(){
setBackgroundMusic(loopCounter);
loopCounter++;
if(loopCounter > 3) loopCounter = 0;
}
public static void playSound(int sound){
if(clips[sound][0] == null){
initializeClips(sound);
}
clips[sound][clipIndex[sound]].start();
clipIndex[sound]++;
if(clipIndex[sound] == 10){
clipIndex[sound] = 0;
}
clips[sound][clipIndex[sound]].drain();
clips[sound][clipIndex[sound]].flush();
clips[sound][clipIndex[sound]].setFramePosition(0);
}
public static void setBackgroundMusic(int s){
canStart = false;
if (backgroundOn) {
backgroundOn = false;
}
currentBackgroundMusic = loadBackground(s);
backgroundStatus = backgroundPool.submit(new MusicPlayer());
canStart = true;
}
private static void playSound2(AudioInputStream audio) {
backgroundOn = true;
AudioFormat audioFormat = audio.getFormat();
SourceDataLine line = null;
DataLine.Info info = new DataLine.Info(SourceDataLine.class,audioFormat);
try{
line = (SourceDataLine) AudioSystem.getLine(info);
line.open(audioFormat);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
line.start();
int nBytesRead = 0;
byte[] abData = new byte[128000];
while (nBytesRead != -1 && backgroundOn){
try{
nBytesRead = audio.read(abData, 0, abData.length);
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (nBytesRead == -1) break;
line.write(abData, 0, nBytesRead);
}
line.drain();
line.stop();
line.close();
line = null;
backgroundOn = false;
}
private static class MusicPlayer implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
playSound2(currentBackgroundMusic);
}
}
public static void loopMusic(){
Thread loop = new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
if(backgroundStatus.isDone() && canStart){
continueMusic();
}
}
}});
loop.start();
}
public static void reset(){
loopCounter = 2;
}
}
public class Test1 {
static long count = 0L;
public static void main(String[] args) {
while(true){
count ++;
System.out.println(count);
new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(60000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}}).start();
}
}
}
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem;
import javax.sound.sampled.Clip;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineUnavailableException;
import javax.sound.sampled.UnsupportedAudioFileException;
import audio.AudioManager;
public class Test2 {
static long count = 0L;
static ArrayList<Clip> clips = new ArrayList<>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
while(true){
count ++;
System.out.println(count);
try {
Clip clip1 = AudioSystem.getClip();
clip1.open(loadSound());
clips.add(clip1);
} catch (LineUnavailableException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static AudioInputStream loadSound(){
AudioInputStream stream = null;
try {
stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(AudioManager.class.getClass().getResource("/bigboom.wav"));
} catch (UnsupportedAudioFileException | IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return stream;
}
}