Java7与Java8哈希映射的大小调整

在Java7中，HashMap resize（）创建了一个临时新表，将内容传输到其中，然后将临时新表分配给原始表

void resize(int newCapacity) {
    Entry[] oldTable = table;
    int oldCapacity = oldTable.length;
    if (oldCapacity == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
        threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        return;
    }

    Entry[] newTable = new Entry[newCapacity];
    boolean oldAltHashing = useAltHashing;
    useAltHashing |= sun.misc.VM.isBooted() &&
            (newCapacity >= Holder.ALTERNATIVE_HASHING_THRESHOLD);
    boolean rehash = oldAltHashing ^ useAltHashing;
    transfer(newTable, rehash);
    table = newTable;
    threshold = (int)Math.min(newCapacity * loadFactor, MAXIMUM_CAPACITY + 1);
}

在Java8中，虽然HashMap resize（）仍然创建一个临时newTab，但赋值是在内容更改之前进行的

final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
    Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
    int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
    int oldThr = threshold;
    int newCap, newThr = 0;
    if (oldCap > 0) {
        if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
            threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
            return oldTab;
        }
        else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
                 oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
            newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
    }
    else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
        newCap = oldThr;
    else {               // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
        newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
        newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
    }
    if (newThr == 0) {
        float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
        newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
                  (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }
    threshold = newThr;
    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
        Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
    table = newTab;
    if (oldTab != null) {
        for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
            Node<K,V> e;
            if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
                oldTab[j] = null;
                if (e.next == null)
                    newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
                else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
                    ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
                else { // preserve order
                    Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
                    Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
                    Node<K,V> next;
                    do {
                        next = e.next;
                        if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
                            if (loTail == null)
                                loHead = e;
                            else
                                loTail.next = e;
                            loTail = e;
                        }
                        else {
                            if (hiTail == null)
                                hiHead = e;
                            else
                                hiTail.next = e;
                            hiTail = e;
                        }
                    } while ((e = next) != null);
                    if (loTail != null) {
                        loTail.next = null;
                        newTab[j] = loHead;
                    }
                    if (hiTail != null) {
                        hiTail.next = null;
                        newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return newTab;
}

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最后，在将内容转移到newTab之后？

如果没有多个线程访问，那么

ConcurrentModificationException

的几率怎么会更高呢？也许有人认为，只要我们没有编写线程安全类，我们就不应该进行线程安全。抱歉-你是对的。它不会增加ConcurrentModeException的可能性，因为modCount保持不变，但是如果你看writeObject，它会写一个与实际键/值不同的“大小”，如果我们在最后做了“table=newTab”就不会了。我不是说这是错的，我只是想看看是否有理由分配它（在传输内容之前）。这有什么关系？每个实现和每个版本都可以做得不同，只要它们遵守javadoc定义的契约（API）。

    table = newTab;