Java “的检查样式规则”@注释必须在单独的行“中”；

我正在尝试为checkstyle创建一个规则，该规则将防止在使用时编写内联注释，如下所示：

@Entity MyClass someEntity;
@Foo(a="B") public void bar(Baz baz) {
}

但不会阻止这样的想法：

public void bar(@Param Baz baz) {
}

---

有什么办法可以做到这一点吗？

这个答案的大部分灵感来自于。大部分工作是在

注释SamelineCheck

中完成的

注释SamelineCheck.java

这个Java文件的灵感来自于“编写检查”文章的主题

getDefaultTokens

定义我们感兴趣的Java文件的哪些部分（也称为令牌）。首先，人们可能会认为我们对

TokenTypes.ANNOTATION

感兴趣，但事实并非如此。我们对

TokenTypes.ANNOTATION

不感兴趣，因为我们不想检查所有注释；我们实际上想要忽略

标记类型。参数_DEF

那么我们对什么感兴趣呢？实际上，我们对Java文件中可以注释的部分感兴趣（即类定义

TokenTypes.class_DEF

、方法定义

TokenTypes.method_DEF

），等等）。方便的是，Checkstyle的API有一个方法可以告诉我们是否对令牌进行了注释。该方法是

AnnotationUtility.containsAnotation

，用于

visitToken

package example;

import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.AnnotationUtility;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.Check;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.DetailAST;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.TokenTypes;

public class AnnotationSameLineCheck extends Check {
    @Override
    public int[] getDefaultTokens() {
        // PACKAGE_DEF and PARAMETER_DEF were left out of the list
        return new int[] { TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_FIELD_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.CLASS_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.CTOR_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.ENUM_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.ENUM_CONSTANT_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.INTERFACE_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.METHOD_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.VARIABLE_DEF };
    }

    @Override
    public void visitToken(DetailAST ast) {
        if (AnnotationUtility.containsAnnotation(ast)) {
            final DetailAST holder = AnnotationUtility.getAnnotationHolder(ast);
            final DetailAST annotation = getAnnotationAst(holder);
            final DetailAST prev = getPreviousSibling(annotation, holder, ast);
            final DetailAST next = getNextSibling(annotation, holder, ast);
            if (isPreviousSiblingOnSameLine(prev, annotation) || //
                    isNextSiblingOnSameLine(annotation, next)) {
                log(annotation.getLineNo(), //
                        annotation.getColumnNo(), //
                        "Annotations must exist on their own line");
            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isPreviousSiblingOnSameLine(DetailAST prev, DetailAST annotation) {
        if (prev == null) {
            return false;
        } else if (prev.getLastChild() == null) {
            return prev.getLineNo() == annotation.getLineNo();
        }
        return prev.getLastChild().getLineNo() == annotation.getLineNo();
    }

    private static boolean isNextSiblingOnSameLine(DetailAST annotation, DetailAST next) {
        if (next == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return annotation.getLineNo() == next.getLineNo();
    }

    private static DetailAST getAnnotationAst(DetailAST aHolderAst) {
        if (aHolderAst.getType() == TokenTypes.ANNOTATIONS) {
            return aHolderAst;
        } else if (aHolderAst.getType() == TokenTypes.MODIFIERS) {
            return aHolderAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.ANNOTATION);
        }
        throw new AssertionError("aHolder must be one of TokenTypes.ANNOTATIONS or TokenTypes.MODIFIERS but was " + aHolderAst);
    }

    private static DetailAST getPreviousSibling(DetailAST annotation, DetailAST holder, DetailAST ast) {
        if (annotation.getPreviousSibling() != null) {
            return annotation.getPreviousSibling();
        } else if (holder.getPreviousSibling() != null) {
            return holder.getPreviousSibling();
        }
        return ast.getPreviousSibling();
    }

    private static DetailAST getNextSibling(DetailAST annotation, DetailAST holder, DetailAST ast) {
        if (annotation.getNextSibling() != null) {
            return annotation.getNextSibling();
        } else if (holder.getNextSibling() != null) {
            return holder.getNextSibling();
        }
        return ast.getNextSibling();
    }
}

用于确定注释是否与Java文件的其他部分位于同一行的算法如下：

确定特定标记是否包含注释。如果没有，什么也不做

查找注释标记

在注释标记之前查找标记

在注释标记后查找标记

如果注释标记与上一个标记位于同一行，则记录错误

如果注释标记与下一个标记位于同一行，则记录错误

此算法可在

visitToken

中找到

package example;

import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.AnnotationUtility;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.Check;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.DetailAST;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.TokenTypes;

public class AnnotationSameLineCheck extends Check {
    @Override
    public int[] getDefaultTokens() {
        // PACKAGE_DEF and PARAMETER_DEF were left out of the list
        return new int[] { TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_FIELD_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.CLASS_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.CTOR_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.ENUM_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.ENUM_CONSTANT_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.INTERFACE_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.METHOD_DEF, //
                TokenTypes.VARIABLE_DEF };
    }

    @Override
    public void visitToken(DetailAST ast) {
        if (AnnotationUtility.containsAnnotation(ast)) {
            final DetailAST holder = AnnotationUtility.getAnnotationHolder(ast);
            final DetailAST annotation = getAnnotationAst(holder);
            final DetailAST prev = getPreviousSibling(annotation, holder, ast);
            final DetailAST next = getNextSibling(annotation, holder, ast);
            if (isPreviousSiblingOnSameLine(prev, annotation) || //
                    isNextSiblingOnSameLine(annotation, next)) {
                log(annotation.getLineNo(), //
                        annotation.getColumnNo(), //
                        "Annotations must exist on their own line");
            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isPreviousSiblingOnSameLine(DetailAST prev, DetailAST annotation) {
        if (prev == null) {
            return false;
        } else if (prev.getLastChild() == null) {
            return prev.getLineNo() == annotation.getLineNo();
        }
        return prev.getLastChild().getLineNo() == annotation.getLineNo();
    }

    private static boolean isNextSiblingOnSameLine(DetailAST annotation, DetailAST next) {
        if (next == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return annotation.getLineNo() == next.getLineNo();
    }

    private static DetailAST getAnnotationAst(DetailAST aHolderAst) {
        if (aHolderAst.getType() == TokenTypes.ANNOTATIONS) {
            return aHolderAst;
        } else if (aHolderAst.getType() == TokenTypes.MODIFIERS) {
            return aHolderAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.ANNOTATION);
        }
        throw new AssertionError("aHolder must be one of TokenTypes.ANNOTATIONS or TokenTypes.MODIFIERS but was " + aHolderAst);
    }

    private static DetailAST getPreviousSibling(DetailAST annotation, DetailAST holder, DetailAST ast) {
        if (annotation.getPreviousSibling() != null) {
            return annotation.getPreviousSibling();
        } else if (holder.getPreviousSibling() != null) {
            return holder.getPreviousSibling();
        }
        return ast.getPreviousSibling();
    }

    private static DetailAST getNextSibling(DetailAST annotation, DetailAST holder, DetailAST ast) {
        if (annotation.getNextSibling() != null) {
            return annotation.getNextSibling();
        } else if (holder.getNextSibling() != null) {
            return holder.getNextSibling();
        }
        return ast.getNextSibling();
    }
}

checks.xml

这个XML文件的灵感来自于“编写支票”一文的主题。Checkstyle使用它来指定对一组Java文件执行哪些检查。请注意，

AnnotationSameLineCheck

是完全限定的（即，其包在名称中指定）

checks.xml

在

build.xml

文件中提到

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC
          "-//Puppy Crawl//DTD Check Configuration 1.3//EN"
          "http://www.puppycrawl.com/dtds/configuration_1_3.dtd">
<module name="Checker">
    <module name="TreeWalker">
        <module name="example.AnnotationSameLineCheck"/>
    </module>
</module>

---

Checkstyle似乎有一个相当灵活的API，所以我认为这是可能的。你试过什么？我试过创建regexp，但写得不对。你能在你的问题中写下你的regexp吗？这样我们就可以找出问题所在了？我觉得奇怪的是，你想阻止方法参数的内联注释。对我来说，这似乎是最干净的方式。我不确定使用正则表达式是否可行。它们可能不足以验证诸如

@Foo（a=“\”）公共空白条（Baz-Baz）之类的内容{“”

。您可能需要AST访问者。我也同意此规则不是很好的主意，但如果您真的必须这样做，请尝试做一些较弱的操作。只需假设注释参数中没有括号。那么它看起来很容易让人印象深刻！感谢您提供详细的答案！我很乐意在我们的网站上托管您的代码，请提供帮助

package example;
    @Deprecated
class CorrectClassDefA {}

@Deprecated class IncorrectClassDefA {}

abstract
@Deprecated
class CorrectClassDefB {}

abstract @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused") class IncorrectClassDefB0 {}

abstract
    @Deprecated class IncorrectClassDefB1 {}

abstract@Deprecated
class IncorrectClassDefB2 {}

@Deprecated abstract class IncorrectClassDefB3 {}

@Deprecated
abstract class CorrectClassDefB4 {}

@SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
interface CorrectInterfaceDefA {}

@Deprecated interface IncorrectInterfaceDefA {}

abstract
@Deprecated
interface CorrectInterfaceDefB {}

abstract @Deprecated interface IncorrectInterfaceDefB0 {}

abstract
@Deprecated interface IncorrectInterfaceDefB1 {}

abstract @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
interface IncorrectInterfaceDefB2 {}

@SuppressWarnings(value = "unused") abstract interface IncorrectInterfaceDefB3 {}

@SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
abstract 
interface CorrectInterfaceDefB4 {}

@Deprecated
enum CorrectEnumA {
    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
    CORRECT,
    @Deprecated INCORRECT }

@Deprecated enum 
IncorrectEnumA {
@Deprecated
    CORRECT,
    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused") INCORRECT }


public class AnnotatedClass { @Deprecated // incorrect
    public AnnotatedClass() {}

    @Deprecated
    AnnotatedClass(int correct) {}

    public
    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
    AnnotatedClass(boolean correct, boolean correct0) {}

    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
    AnnotatedClass(int correct, int correct0, int correct1) {}

    public @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
    AnnotatedClass(@Deprecated int bad, int bad0, int bad1, int bad2) {}

    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused") AnnotatedClass(@Deprecated int bad, int bad0, int bad1, int bad2, int bad3) {}

    @Deprecated private int incorrectB;

    transient @Deprecated 
    private int incorrectC;

    transient
    @Deprecated 
    private 
    int correctD;

    private
    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unused")
    Object correctA; @SuppressWarnings(value = "dog")
     public void incorrectA(final Object baz) {
    }

    public void correctB(@SuppressWarnings(value = "dog") final Object good) {
        @Deprecated
        int correctA;

        final @Deprecated int incorrectB;

        final
        @Deprecated
        Object
        correctC;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings(value = "dog") public 
    void incorrectC(final Object bad) {
    }

    public
    @SuppressWarnings(value = "dog") void incorrectD(final Object bad) {
    }
}