Javascript 每次递归调用函数之间的延迟
我正在尝试为一个个人项目构建一个迷宫生成器。我有一个递归的深度优先搜索函数,它递归地遍历网格中的每个单元格,检查它是否有未访问的邻居,然后用下一个邻居再次调用递归函数。它可以很好地生成迷宫,但我想在每次调用递归函数之间添加一个延迟,这样我就可以在迷宫访问每个单元格时为其创建动画。使用chrome调试器,它似乎在第一次迭代中执行1s延迟,然后停止等待,并从等待延迟一次又一次地跳回到函数的开头,而从不继续。我做错了什么 这是递归函数和延迟函数:Javascript 每次递归调用函数之间的延迟,javascript,recursion,promise,settimeout,delay,Javascript,Recursion,Promise,Settimeout,Delay,我正在尝试为一个个人项目构建一个迷宫生成器。我有一个递归的深度优先搜索函数,它递归地遍历网格中的每个单元格,检查它是否有未访问的邻居,然后用下一个邻居再次调用递归函数。它可以很好地生成迷宫,但我想在每次调用递归函数之间添加一个延迟,这样我就可以在迷宫访问每个单元格时为其创建动画。使用chrome调试器,它似乎在第一次迭代中执行1s延迟,然后停止等待,并从等待延迟一次又一次地跳回到函数的开头,而从不继续。我做错了什么 这是递归函数和延迟函数: async function recursiveDFS
async function recursiveDFS(currentCell) {
await delay(1000);
highlightCell(currentCell);
currentCell.visited = true;
var [next, direction] = getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
while(typeof(next) != 'undefined') {
removeWall(currentCell, next, direction);
highlightCell(next);
recursiveDFS(next);
[next, direction] = getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
}
}
function delay(ms) {
return new Promise(resolve => {
setTimeout(resolve, ms)
});
}
下面是完整的javascript代码:
"use strict"
// declare globals
const numCols = 10;
const numRows = 10;
const cellSize = 50;
var grid = [];
// create canvas
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
canvas.id = 'canvas';
canvas.width = numCols * cellSize;
canvas.height = numRows * cellSize;
var body = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];
body.appendChild(canvas);
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
function setup() {
createGrid();
const start = grid[0][0]; // start at top left cell
const end = grid[1][1];
recursiveDFS(start);
}
class Cell {
constructor(col, row) {
this.col = col;
this.row = row;
this.neighbors = {};
this.walls = {
top: true,
right: true,
bottom: true,
left: true
};
this.visited = false;
}
setNeighbors() {
//top
if(this.row - 1 >= 0) {
this.neighbors.top = grid[this.col][this.row - 1];
}
//right
if (this.col + 1 < numCols) {
this.neighbors.right = grid[this.col + 1][this.row];
}
//bottom
if (this.row + 1 < numRows) {
this.neighbors.bottom = grid[this.col][this.row + 1];
}
//left
if (this.col - 1 >= 0) {
this.neighbors.left = grid[this.col - 1][this.row];
}
}
}
// create 2d array of Cell objects
// indexing as grid[col][row]
// grid = [[(0,0), (1,0)],
// [(0,1), (1,1)]]
function createGrid() {
for (var col = 0; col < numCols; col++) {
var colArr = []
for (var row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {
var cell = new Cell(col, row);
colArr.push(cell);
drawGridLines(cell);
}
grid.push(colArr);
}
for (var row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {
for (var col = 0; col < numCols; col++) {
grid[col][row].setNeighbors();
}
}
}
// return single neighbor randomized from all possible neighbors
function getNextNeighbor(cell) {
if (cell.neighbors) {
var neighbors = [];
for (var neighbor in cell.neighbors) {
if (cell.neighbors[neighbor].visited === false){
neighbors.push([cell.neighbors[neighbor], neighbor]);
}
}
}
if(neighbors.length > 0) {
return neighbors[Math.floor(Math.random() * neighbors.length)];
} else {
return [undefined, undefined];
}
}
function delay(ms) {
return new Promise(resolve => {
console.log("waiting...");
setTimeout(resolve, ms)
});
}
async function recursiveDFS(currentCell) {
await delay(1000);
highlightCell(currentCell);
currentCell.visited = true;
var [next, direction] = getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
while(typeof(next) != 'undefined') {
removeWall(currentCell, next, direction);
highlightCell(next);
recursiveDFS(next);
[next, direction] = getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
}
}
function highlightCell(cell) {
context.globalCompositeOperation='destination-over'; // fill rect under existing grid
const topLeft = [(cell.col) * cellSize, (cell.row) * cellSize];
context.fillStyle = '#FF0000';
context.fillRect(topLeft[0], topLeft[1], cellSize, cellSize);
}
function removeWall(cell1, cell2, direction) {
switch (direction) {
case 'top':
cell1.walls.top = false;
cell2.walls.bottom = false;
break;
case 'right':
cell1.walls.right = false;
cell2.walls.left = false;
break;
case 'bottom':
cell1.walls.bottom = false;
cell2.walls.top = false;
break;
case 'left':
cell1.walls.left = false;
cell2.walls.right = false;
break;
}
redrawGrid();
}
function redrawGrid() {
context.clearRect(0, 0, numCols * cellSize, numRows * cellSize); // clear canvas
for (var col = 0; col < numCols; col++) {
for (var row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {
drawGridLines(grid[col][row]);
}
}
}
function drawGridLines(cell) {
const topLeft = [ cell.col * cellSize, cell.row * cellSize];
const topRight = [(cell.col + 1) * cellSize, cell.row * cellSize];
const bottomLeft = [ cell.col * cellSize, (cell.row + 1) * cellSize];
const bottomRight = [(cell.col + 1) * cellSize, (cell.row + 1) * cellSize];
context.lineWidth = 2;
//draw top line
if(cell.walls.top){
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(topLeft[0], topLeft[1]);
context.lineTo(topRight[0], topRight[1]);
context.stroke();
}
//draw right line
if(cell.walls.right) {
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(topRight[0], topRight[1]);
context.lineTo(bottomRight[0], bottomRight[1]);
context.stroke();
}
//draw bottom line
if(cell.walls.bottom) {
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(bottomRight[0], bottomRight[1]);
context.lineTo(bottomLeft[0], bottomLeft[1]);
context.stroke();
}
//draw left line
if(cell.walls.left) {
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(bottomLeft[0], bottomLeft[1]);
context.lineTo(topLeft[0], topLeft[1]);
context.stroke();
}
}
setup();
“使用严格的”
//声明全局
常数numCols=10;
常数numRows=10;
常数cellSize=50;
var网格=[];
//创建画布
var canvas=document.createElement('canvas');
canvas.id='canvas';
canvas.width=numCols*单元格大小;
canvas.height=numRows*单元格大小;
var body=document.getElementsByTagName(“body”)[0];
body.appendChild(画布);
var context=canvas.getContext('2d');
函数设置(){
createGrid();
const start=grid[0][0];//从左上角单元格开始
const end=网格[1][1];
递归dfs(start);
}
类单元{
构造函数(列,行){
this.col=col;
this.row=行;
this.neights={};
这是一个很好的例子{
托普:没错,
对:对,
底部:是的,
左:对
};
this.visted=false;
}
(){
//顶
如果(this.row-1>=0){
this.neights.top=grid[this.col][this.row-1];
}
//对
if(this.col+1=0){
this.neights.left=grid[this.col-1][this.row];
}
}
}
//创建单元对象的二维数组
//索引为网格[col][row]
//网格=[(0,0),(1,0)],
// [(0,1), (1,1)]]
函数createGrid(){
for(var col=0;col0){
返回邻居[Math.floor(Math.random()*neights.length)];
}否则{
返回[未定义,未定义];
}
}
功能延迟(毫秒){
返回新承诺(解决=>{
console.log(“等待…”);
设置超时(解析,毫秒)
});
}
异步函数recursiveDFS(currentCell){
等待延迟(1000);
高亮度电池(currentCell);
currentCell.visited=true;
var[next,direction]=getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
while(typeof(next)!=“未定义”){
removeWall(currentCell,next,direction);
highlightCell(下一个);
递归dfs(下一步);
[下一步,方向]=getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
}
}
功能highlightCell(单元){
context.globalCompositeOperation='destination-over';//在现有网格下填充rect
const topLeft=[(cell.col)*cellSize,(cell.row)*cellSize];
context.fillStyle='#FF0000';
fillRect(左上[0],左上[1],cellSize,cellSize);
}
功能移除墙(单元1、单元2、方向){
开关(方向){
案例“顶部”:
cell1.walls.top=假;
cell2.walls.bottom=假;
打破
案例“正确”:
cell1.walls.right=假;
cell2.walls.left=假;
打破
案例“底部”:
cell1.walls.bottom=假;
cell2.walls.top=假;
打破
案例“左”:
cell1.walls.left=假;
cell2.walls.right=假;
打破
}
重绘网格();
}
函数重画网格(){
context.clearRect(0,0,numCols*cellSize,numRows*cellSize);//清除画布
for(var col=0;colasync function recursiveDFS(currentCell) {
await delay(1000);
highlightCell(currentCell);
currentCell.visited = true;
var [next, direction] = getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
while(typeof(next) != 'undefined') {
removeWall(currentCell, next, direction);
highlightCell(next);
await recursiveDFS(next);
[next, direction] = getNextNeighbor(currentCell);
}
}