Javascript 以冒号开头的HTTP/2请求和头

你好，亲爱的苏社区

我的问题折磨了我好几个月，没有解决办法

我试图在HTTP/2端点发出请求，该端点使用一些以冒号开头的头。例如：

:method: "POST"

我尝试过python（hyper、requests）、php（guzzle）和js（fetch）。 据推测，我已经使用js实现了所需的结果，但是CORS策略返回了一个“不透明”的结果

任何帮助都会很好

JS结果假定正确“不透明”

Python结果500或404

 context = tls.init_context()
    context.check_hostname = False
    context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
    with HTTP20Connection('www.example.com', port=443, ssl_context=context) as c:
        headers = {
            ":authority": "www.example.com",
            ":method": "GET",
            ":path": "/users/sign_in",
            ":scheme": "https",
            "accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
            "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
            "accept-language": "en-US,en;q=0.9,el;q=0.8",
            "sec-fetch-mode": "navigate",
            "sec-fetch-site": "none",
            "sec-fetch-user": "?1",
            "upgrade-insecure-requests": "1",
            "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36"
        }

        c.request('GET', 'www.example.com/users/sign_in', headers=headers)

PHP结果500或卷曲错误55

$jar = new CookieJar;
    $client = new Client([
        // Base URI is used with relative requests
        'cookies' => $jar,
        'version' => 2.0,
        'debug' => fopen('php://stderr', 'w'),
    ]);

    $client->request('GET', 'https://www.example.com/users/sign_in');

    $response = $client->request('POST', 'https://www.example.com/users/sign_in', [
        'headers' => [
            ":authority"=> "www.example.com",
            ":method"=> "POST",
            ":path"=> "/users/sign_in",
            ":scheme"=> "https",
            "accept"=> "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
            "accept-encoding"=> "gzip, deflate, br",
            "accept-language"=> "en-US,en;q=0.9,el;q=0.8",
            "cache-control"=> "max-age=0",
            "content-length"=> "616",
            "content-type"=> "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
            "origin"=> "https://www.example.com",
            "referer"=> "https://www.example.com/users/sign_in",
            "sec-fetch-mode"=> "navigate",
            "sec-fetch-site"=> "same-origin",
            "sec-fetch-user"=> "?1",
            "upgrade-insecure-requests"=> "1",
            "user-agent"=> "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36"
        ],
        'form_params' => [ ... ],
        'version' => 2.0,
        'allow_redirects' => true
    ]);

---

这些是HTTP/2伪头，应用于HTTP/2流中的请求和响应。HTTP/2创建从每个不同的源端到服务器的单个持久连接。该连接将多个请求和响应发送到端点或从端点发送；这些被解析为“帧”并作为“流”传输。HTTP/2可以同时交错来自多个请求和响应流的帧，以获得巨大的性能优势

伪头应用于流；一组不同的头应用于连接本身。为requests:：method、：scheme、：authority和：path定义了四个伪头。不允许有其他人。这4个必须包含在每个请求标头块中，并且必须位于任何其他标头之前：

“所有伪标题字段必须出现在标题块中，然后 常规标头字段。任何包含 出现在标题块中的常规标题之后的伪标题字段 必须将标题字段视为格式错误（第8.1.2.6节）。”

---

我不熟悉“fetch”如何实现头，但在上面的代码中，您似乎在头块之外有伪头，它们被放在末尾。可能是抓取出错。

我认为标题字段不能以

：

开头。这是标题名称和值之间的分隔符。看起来您试图使用的标题只是URL中的重复字段。你为什么认为这是必要的？谢谢你们两位的回复。正如您在devtools的屏幕截图中所看到的，请求中包含了标题。如果没有标题，请求将返回404或500响应。这些不是真正的标题，只是开发人员工具显示HTTP请求行详细信息的方式。开头的冒号表示它们不是真的。@Barmar那么为什么在它们不存在的时候使用JS脚本，我会得到500个响应，当它们存在的时候，请求会顺利通过？

$jar = new CookieJar;
    $client = new Client([
        // Base URI is used with relative requests
        'cookies' => $jar,
        'version' => 2.0,
        'debug' => fopen('php://stderr', 'w'),
    ]);

    $client->request('GET', 'https://www.example.com/users/sign_in');

    $response = $client->request('POST', 'https://www.example.com/users/sign_in', [
        'headers' => [
            ":authority"=> "www.example.com",
            ":method"=> "POST",
            ":path"=> "/users/sign_in",
            ":scheme"=> "https",
            "accept"=> "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
            "accept-encoding"=> "gzip, deflate, br",
            "accept-language"=> "en-US,en;q=0.9,el;q=0.8",
            "cache-control"=> "max-age=0",
            "content-length"=> "616",
            "content-type"=> "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
            "origin"=> "https://www.example.com",
            "referer"=> "https://www.example.com/users/sign_in",
            "sec-fetch-mode"=> "navigate",
            "sec-fetch-site"=> "same-origin",
            "sec-fetch-user"=> "?1",
            "upgrade-insecure-requests"=> "1",
            "user-agent"=> "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36"
        ],
        'form_params' => [ ... ],
        'version' => 2.0,
        'allow_redirects' => true
    ]);