不使用的JavaScript标识符

我刚刚艰难地发现，给变量命名

参数是个坏主意

var arguments = 5;

(function () { 
    console.log(arguments); 
})();

输出：[]

事实证明，
参数
在每个新的执行上下文中都是如此，
参数
被隐藏

我的问题是：是否还有其他类似于
参数
的不真实名称，但仍会导致问题？
是的。例如，像
窗口
或
文档
。请参阅较长的列表（“其他javascript关键字”）

不建议使用其中任何一种，即使其中一些可以按预期工作

编辑：如中所述，“虽然它们不是保留字，但应避免将这些字用作变量和函数。”。它们列出的大部分内容都被归类为和

问题示例：

var window = 5;

(function () { 
    alert(window); 
})();

上面的代码有不可预测的结果，因为
window
是指窗口对象的单词。Firefox阻止对其进行修改，因此alert仍将引用window对象，而在IE8中，您将获得值为
5
的alert。您可以通过在控制台中执行以下命令，获得全局命名空间中使用的所有名称的列表：

var t = [];
for(v in this){t.push(v)}
console.log(t.sort());

结果:

["$","ArrayBuffer","Attr","Audio","AudioProcessingEvent","BeforeLoadEvent","Blob","CDATASection","CSSCharsetRule","CSSFontFaceRule","CSSImportRule","CSSMediaRule","CSSPageRule","CSSPrimitiveValue","CSSRule","CSSRuleList","CSSStyleDeclaration","CSSStyleRule","CSSStyleSheet","CSSValue","CSSValueList","CTIsPlayback","CanvasGradient","CanvasPattern","CanvasRenderingContext2D","CharacterData","ClientRect","ClientRectList","Clipboard","CloseEvent","Comment","CompositionEvent","Counter","CustomEvent","DOMException","DOMImplementation","DOMParser","DOMSettableTokenList","DOMStringList","DOMStringMap","DOMTokenList","DataView","DeviceOrientationEvent","Document","DocumentFragment","DocumentType","Element","Entity","EntityReference","ErrorEvent","Event","EventEmitter","EventException","EventSource","File","FileError","FileList","FileReader","Float32Array","Float64Array","FormData","Generator","HTMLAllCollection","HTMLAnchorElement","HTMLAppletElement","HTMLAreaElement","HTMLAudioElement","HTMLBRElement","HTMLBaseElement","HTMLBaseFontElement","HTMLBodyElement","HTMLButtonElement","HTMLCanvasElement","HTMLCollection","HTMLDListElement","HTMLDataListElement","HTMLDirectoryElement","HTMLDivElement","HTMLDocument","HTMLElement","HTMLEmbedElement","HTMLFieldSetElement","HTMLFontElement","HTMLFormElement","HTMLFrameElement","HTMLFrameSetElement","HTMLHRElement","HTMLHeadElement","HTMLHeadingElement","HTMLHtmlElement","HTMLIFrameElement","HTMLImageElement","HTMLInputElement","HTMLKeygenElement","HTMLLIElement","HTMLLabelElement","HTMLLegendElement","HTMLLinkElement","HTMLMapElement","HTMLMarqueeElement","HTMLMediaElement","HTMLMenuElement","HTMLMetaElement","HTMLMeterElement","HTMLModElement","HTMLOListElement","HTMLObjectElement","HTMLOptGroupElement","HTMLOptionElement","HTMLOutputElement","HTMLParagraphElement","HTMLParamElement","HTMLPreElement","HTMLProgressElement","HTMLQuoteElement","HTMLScriptElement","HTMLSelectElement","HTMLSourceElement","HTMLSpanElement","HTMLStyleElement","HTMLTableCaptionElement","HTMLTableCellElement","HTMLTableColElement","HTMLTableElement","HTMLTableRowElement","HTMLTableSectionElement","HTMLTextAreaElement","HTMLTitleElement","HTMLTrackElement","HTMLUListElement","HTMLUnknownElement","HTMLVideoElement","HashChangeEvent","IceCandidate","Image","ImageData","Int16Array","Int32Array","Int8Array","KeyboardEvent","Markdown","MediaController","MediaError","MediaList","MediaStreamEvent","MessageChannel","MessageEvent","MessagePort","MimeType","MimeTypeArray","MouseEvent","MutationEvent","NamedNodeMap","Node","NodeFilter","NodeList","Notation","Notification","OfflineAudioCompletionEvent","Option","OverflowEvent","PERSISTENT","PR","PR_SHOULD_USE_CONTINUATION","PageTransitionEvent","Plugin","PluginArray","PopStateEvent","ProcessingInstruction","ProgressEvent","RGBColor","RTCIceCandidate","RTCSessionDescription","Range","RangeException","Rect","SQLException","SVGAElement","SVGAltGlyphDefElement","SVGAltGlyphElement","SVGAltGlyphItemElement","SVGAngle","SVGAnimateColorElement","SVGAnimateElement","SVGAnimateMotionElement","SVGAnimateTransformElement","SVGAnimatedAngle","SVGAnimatedBoolean","SVGAnimatedEnumeration","SVGAnimatedInteger","SVGAnimatedLength","SVGAnimatedLengthList","SVGAnimatedNumber","SVGAnimatedNumberList","SVGAnimatedPreserveAspectRatio","SVGAnimatedRect","SVGAnimatedString","SVGAnimatedTransformList","SVGCircleElement","SVGClipPathElement","SVGColor","SVGComponentTransferFunctionElement","SVGCursorElement","SVGDefsElement","SVGDescElement","SVGDocument","SVGElement","SVGElementInstance","SVGElementInstanceList","SVGEllipseElement","SVGException","SVGFEBlendElement","SVGFEColorMatrixElement","SVGFEComponentTransferElement","SVGFECompositeElement","SVGFEConvolveMatrixElement","SVGFEDiffuseLightingElement","SVGFEDisplacementMapElement","SVGFEDistantLightElement","SVGFEDropShadowElement","SVGFEFloodElement","SVGFEFuncAElement","SVGFEFuncBElement","SVGFEFuncGElement","SVGFEFuncRElement","SVGFEGaussianBlurElement","SVGFEImageElement","SVGFEMergeElement","SVGFEMergeNodeElement","SVGFEMorphologyElement","SVGFEOffsetElement","SVGFEPointLightElement","SVGFESpecularLightingElement","SVGFESpotLightElement","SVGFETileElement","SVGFETurbulenceElement","SVGFilterElement","SVGFontElement","SVGFontFaceElement","SVGFontFaceFormatElement","SVGFontFaceNameElement","SVGFontFaceSrcElement","SVGFontFaceUriElement","SVGForeignObjectElement","SVGGElement","SVGGlyphElement","SVGGlyphRefElement","SVGGradientElement","SVGHKernElement","SVGImageElement","SVGLength","SVGLengthList","SVGLineElement","SVGLinearGradientElement","SVGMPathElement","SVGMarkerElement","SVGMaskElement","SVGMatrix","SVGMetadataElement","SVGMissingGlyphElement","SVGNumber","SVGNumberList","SVGPaint","SVGPathElement","SVGPathSeg","SVGPathSegArcAbs","SVGPathSegArcRel","SVGPathSegClosePath","SVGPathSegCurvetoCubicAbs","SVGPathSegCurvetoCubicRel","SVGPathSegCurvetoCubicSmoothAbs","SVGPathSegCurvetoCubicSmoothRel","SVGPathSegCurvetoQuadraticAbs","SVGPathSegCurvetoQuadraticRel","SVGPathSegCurvetoQuadraticSmoothAbs","SVGPathSegCurvetoQuadraticSmoothRel","SVGPathSegLinetoAbs","SVGPathSegLinetoHorizontalAbs","SVGPathSegLinetoHorizontalRel","SVGPathSegLinetoRel","SVGPathSegLinetoVerticalAbs","SVGPathSegLinetoVerticalRel","SVGPathSegList","SVGPathSegMovetoAbs","SVGPathSegMovetoRel","SVGPatternElement","SVGPoint","SVGPointList","SVGPolygonElement","SVGPolylineElement","SVGPreserveAspectRatio","SVGRadialGradientElement","SVGRect","SVGRectElement","SVGRenderingIntent","SVGSVGElement","SVGScriptElement","SVGSetElement","SVGStopElement","SVGStringList","SVGStyleElement","SVGSwitchElement","SVGSymbolElement","SVGTRefElement","SVGTSpanElement","SVGTextContentElement","SVGTextElement","SVGTextPathElement","SVGTextPositioningElement","SVGTitleElement","SVGTransform","SVGTransformList","SVGUnitTypes","SVGUseElement","SVGVKernElement","SVGViewElement","SVGViewSpec","SVGZoomAndPan","SVGZoomEvent","Selection","SessionDescription","SharedWorker","SpeechInputEvent","StackExchange","Storage","StorageEvent","StyleSheet","StyleSheetList","TEMPORARY","Text","TextEvent","TextMetrics","TextTrack","TextTrackCue","TextTrackCueList","TextTrackList","TimeRanges","TouchEvent","TrackEvent","UIEvent","URL","Uint16Array","Uint32Array","Uint8Array","Uint8ClampedArray","WebGLActiveInfo","WebGLBuffer","WebGLContextEvent","WebGLFramebuffer","WebGLProgram","WebGLRenderbuffer","WebGLRenderingContext","WebGLShader","WebGLShaderPrecisionFormat","WebGLTexture","WebGLUniformLocation","WebKitAnimationEvent","WebKitBlobBuilder","WebKitCSSFilterValue","WebKitCSSKeyframeRule","WebKitCSSKeyframesRule","WebKitCSSMatrix","WebKitCSSRegionRule","WebKitCSSTransformValue","WebKitIntent","WebKitMediaSource","WebKitMutationObserver","WebKitPoint","WebKitSourceBuffer","WebKitSourceBufferList","WebKitTransitionEvent","WebSocket","WheelEvent","Window","WinterBash","Worker","XMLDocument","XMLHttpRequest","XMLHttpRequestException","XMLHttpRequestProgressEvent","XMLHttpRequestUpload","XMLSerializer","XPathEvaluator","XPathException","XPathResult","XSLTProcessor","__qc","_gaq","_gat","_qevents","addEventListener","alert","apiCallbacks","applicationCache","atob","blur","btoa","captureEvents","careers_adselector","careers_adurl","careers_companycssurl","careers_cssurl","careers_leaderboardcssurl","chrome","clearInterval","clearTimeout","clientInformation","close","closed","confirm","console","crypto","defaultStatus","defaultstatus","devicePixelRatio","dispatchEvent","document","event","external","find","focus","frameElement","frames","gaGlobal","gauth","genuwine","getComputedStyle","getMatchedCSSRules","getSelection","history","i","initFadingHelpText","initTagRenderer","innerHeight","innerWidth","jQuery","jQuery171005593172716908157_1357215797040","jQuery171005593172716908157_1357215797041","length","localStorage","location","locationbar","matchMedia","menubar","moveBy","moveScroller","moveTo","name","navigator","offscreenBuffering","onabort","onbeforeunload","onblur","oncanplay","oncanplaythrough","onchange","onclick","oncontextmenu","ondblclick","ondeviceorientation","ondrag","ondragend","ondragenter","ondragleave","ondragover","ondragstart","ondrop","ondurationchange","onemptied","onended","onerror","onfocus","onhashchange","oninput","oninvalid","onkeydown","onkeypress","onkeyup","onload","onloadeddata","onloadedmetadata","onloadstart","onmessage","onmousedown","onmousemove","onmouseout","onmouseover","onmouseup","onmousewheel","onoffline","ononline","onpagehide","onpageshow","onpause","onplay","onplaying","onpopstate","onprogress","onratechange","onreset","onresize","onscroll","onsearch","onseeked","onseeking","onselect","onstalled","onstorage","onsubmit","onsuspend","ontimeupdate","onunload","onvolumechange","onwaiting","onwebkitanimationend","onwebkitanimationiteration","onwebkitanimationstart","onwebkittransitionend","open","openDatabase","opener","outerHeight","outerWidth","pageXOffset","pageYOffset","parent","performance","personalbar","postMessage","prepareEditor","prettyPrint","prettyPrintOne","print","profileLink","prompt","quantserve","releaseEvents","removeEventListener","resizeBy","resizeTo","sanitizeAndSplitTags","screen","screenLeft","screenTop","screenX","screenY","scriptSrc","scroll","scrollBy","scrollTo","scrollX","scrollY","scrollbars","self","sessionStorage","setInterval","setTimeout","showFadingHelpText","showModalDialog","status","statusbar","stop","styleCode","styleMedia","t","tagRenderer","tagRendererRaw","toolbar","top","uh","v","v8Intl","votesCast","webkitAudioContext","webkitAudioPannerNode","webkitCancelAnimationFrame","webkitCancelRequestAnimationFrame","webkitConvertPointFromNodeToPage","webkitConvertPointFromPageToNode","webkitIDBCursor","webkitIDBDatabase","webkitIDBDatabaseException","webkitIDBFactory","webkitIDBIndex","webkitIDBKeyRange","webkitIDBObjectStore","webkitIDBRequest","webkitIDBTransaction","webkitIndexedDB","webkitIntent","webkitMediaStream","webkitNotifications","webkitPostMessage","webkitRTCPeerConnection","webkitRequestAnimationFrame","webkitRequestFileSystem","webkitResolveLocalFileSystemURL","webkitStorageInfo","webkitURL","window"];

因此，这些不能/不应该在全球范围内使用（至少在谷歌Chrome中是这样）。如果您将它们声明为局部范围内的变量，就可以了。

但是，这不会包含使用的所有名称，因为例如，
参数
仅在函数作用域中可用

注意：此函数确实返回库中的所有全局变量，而且函数中没有其他自动符号（除了
此
，但无论如何不能创建具有该名称的变量），如果这是您的意思的话。但是有两个默认的全局变量，因此在函数中定义一个同名的变量会影响全局变量
 函数中没有其他自动符号（除了
此
），如果这是您的意思的话。虽然有两个默认的全局变量，但是在函数中定义一个同名的变量会给全局变量蒙上阴影。这个页面似乎是建立在对关键字的误解上的，而类别似乎没有什么意义<代码>窗口
和
文档
都是全局变量，它们的行为都是这样的…@MathiasSchwarz:如果您有更好的列表，欢迎您将其作为答案发布。不要仅仅因为你不同意某些单词的分类就否决完美的答案。@MathiasSchwarz也许，但我认为这是离题的——OP要求的是“其他像争论一样，不是真正的保留词，但仍会引起问题的诡诈名称”，这当然就是它们。我不是说它们是关键词。我不相信
window
和
document
会导致类似的问题。它们只是全局变量，不同于
参数
，它们将完全按照预期进行隐藏。如果定义自己的全局变量，它们的行为将与
窗口
和
文档
完全相同。它们也绝不是关键词，所以我相信否决票是正确的。@FelixKling给出了一个正确的答案，作为对原始问题的评论。
参数
不是全局变量。它是按函数定义的，就像它是一个额外的函数参数一样…@MathiasSchwarz:看我答案的最后一行。我已经说过了。如果您删除否决票，我将不胜感激。问题是我真的不知道全局变量与所问问题有什么关系。@MathiasSchwarz:我的函数返回的全局变量很可能在某个地方使用，但很容易被覆盖，可能会破坏您的代码/页面/库。因此，我认为它们肯定“不是真正的保留词，但仍会引起问题”，这意味着这是对你否决的问题的完美回答。如果你看不出答案是如何回答问题的，就要求澄清。不要盲目地否决它。好吧，我不会在这里争论太久，但是你可以定义一个名为
document
的局部变量，而不破坏代码中的任何其他地方。它可以阴影，但也可能不阴影-这完全取决于浏览器，所以最后一句是错误的。这也是为什么这些全局对象也是有问题的，并且不仅仅是常规的预定义变量。@eis：根据规范，如果有一个具有特定名称的局部变量，并且该名称在函数中被访问，则返回该变量的值（）。只有在当前词汇环境中没有这样的符号时，才会测试“下一个更高”的符号。这就是我的意思。或者你指的是什么？你的意思是不是函数中的每个变量声明都会创建一个符号？不管怎样，你能举个具体的例子吗？@FelixKing好的，我想我现在知道区别在哪里了。我想到的例子是：
var window=5；（函数（）{window=6；警报（window）；}）（）-警报仍将引用窗口对象，而不是我们分配给它的值。但是对于函数中的
var
，我们只显式地将其分配给函数作用域，在这种情况下，它将工作。但是它不适用于OP的示例，因为变量是在全局名称空间而不是函数名称空间中声明的，并且在那里它会与全局对象冲突。是的，如果您试图在全局范围中声明一个已经存在的变量，那么该声明将被忽略。此外，
窗口
的某些属性是只读的。