如何在Laravel 5.4中使用ask（）测试Artisan命令

尝试使用ask（）函数为laravel php artisan命令编写测试。我以前从未使用过嘲弄，但当我尝试运行测试时，它会冻结，所以我猜，我做错了什么

MyCommand.php：

public function handle()
    {
        $input['answer1'] = $this->ask('Ask question 1');
        $input['answer2'] = $this->ask('Ask question 2');
        $input['answer3'] = $this->ask('Ask question 3');


        //--- processing validation        
        $validator = Validator::make($input, [
            'answer1' => 'required',
            'answer2' => 'required',
            'answer3' => 'required',
            
        ]);
        
        if ($validator->fails()) {
            // processing error
            }
        } else {
            // saving to DB
        }
    }

以及我的单元测试：

    $command = m::mock('\App\Console\Commands\Questions');
            
            
    $command->shouldReceive('ask')              
            ->andReturn('Answer 1')
            ->shouldReceive('ask')
            ->andReturn('Answer 2')
            ->shouldReceive('ask')
            ->andReturn('Answer 3')
    
            
    $this->artisan('myCommand:toRun');

    $this->assertDatabaseHas('myTable', [
           'question1' => 'answer1'
    ]);

---

Laravel 5.4-5.6

这里的实际问题是运行console命令正在等待用户输入，但是我们通过PHPUnit运行它，因此无法输入任何内容

在单元测试中遇到限制最初可能会令人沮丧，然而，您发现的限制最终可能会变相成为一种幸事

目前，您的实现与视图（一个控制台命令，因此是管理员的视图，但仍然是视图）紧密耦合。这里可以做的是将任何逻辑放在一个单独的类中，

MyCommand

可以利用，PHPUnit可以自己实际测试。我们知道运行自定义命令的基本原理是有效的，如Laravel单元测试所示，因此我们可以在一个单独的、可测试的类中卸载我们的逻辑

您的新类可能如下所示：

class CommandLogic
{

    public function getQuestion1Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 1';
    }

    public function getQuestion2Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 2';
    }

    public function getQuestion3Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 3';
    }

    public function submit(array $input)
    {
        $validator = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator::make($input, [
            'answer1' => 'required',
            'answer2' => 'required',
            'answer3' => 'required',
        ]);

        if ($validator->fails()) {
            // processing error
        } else {
            // saving to DB
        }
    }

}

$commandLogic = new CommandLogic();
$sampleInput = [
    'answer1' => 'test1',
    'answer2' => 'test2',
    'answer3' => 'test3',
];

$commandLogic->submit($sampleInput);
$this->assertDatabaseHas('myTable', [
    'question1' => 'test1'
]);

public function handle()
{
    $commandLogic = new CommandLogic();
    $input['answer1'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion1Text());
    $input['answer2'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion2Text());
    $input['answer3'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion3Text());

    $commandLogic->submit($input);
}

…您的实际单元测试，类似以下内容：

class CommandLogic
{

    public function getQuestion1Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 1';
    }

    public function getQuestion2Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 2';
    }

    public function getQuestion3Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 3';
    }

    public function submit(array $input)
    {
        $validator = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator::make($input, [
            'answer1' => 'required',
            'answer2' => 'required',
            'answer3' => 'required',
        ]);

        if ($validator->fails()) {
            // processing error
        } else {
            // saving to DB
        }
    }

}

$commandLogic = new CommandLogic();
$sampleInput = [
    'answer1' => 'test1',
    'answer2' => 'test2',
    'answer3' => 'test3',
];

$commandLogic->submit($sampleInput);
$this->assertDatabaseHas('myTable', [
    'question1' => 'test1'
]);

public function handle()
{
    $commandLogic = new CommandLogic();
    $input['answer1'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion1Text());
    $input['answer2'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion2Text());
    $input['answer3'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion3Text());

    $commandLogic->submit($input);
}

…和您的控制台命令，类似于：

class CommandLogic
{

    public function getQuestion1Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 1';
    }

    public function getQuestion2Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 2';
    }

    public function getQuestion3Text()
    {
        return 'Ask question 3';
    }

    public function submit(array $input)
    {
        $validator = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator::make($input, [
            'answer1' => 'required',
            'answer2' => 'required',
            'answer3' => 'required',
        ]);

        if ($validator->fails()) {
            // processing error
        } else {
            // saving to DB
        }
    }

}

$commandLogic = new CommandLogic();
$sampleInput = [
    'answer1' => 'test1',
    'answer2' => 'test2',
    'answer3' => 'test3',
];

$commandLogic->submit($sampleInput);
$this->assertDatabaseHas('myTable', [
    'question1' => 'test1'
]);

public function handle()
{
    $commandLogic = new CommandLogic();
    $input['answer1'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion1Text());
    $input['answer2'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion2Text());
    $input['answer3'] = $this->ask($commandLogic->getQuestion3Text());

    $commandLogic->submit($input);
}

这将强制并分离代码库中的移动片段。我知道这可能会让人觉得有点逃避责任，但在Laravel5.4中测试这种东西是很困难的。如果您愿意升级到5.7或更高版本，请阅读下面的

---

Laravel 5.7+

Laravel5.7引入了能够运行控制台测试的功能，这满足了这个问题的确切要求-。这是一个完整的集成测试，而不是单元测试