为什么我的多处理Python脚本在Linux上运行，但在Windows上遇到与pickle相关的异常？

我有一种感觉，这与Windows中没有fork（）有关，但我真的不确定该怎么做

我有一个名为workabj的类，它从多处理继承了进程。在Windows上，创建此类的新实例进展顺利，但调用实例的start（）方法会引发以下异常：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python27\lib\multiprocessing\forking.py", line 381, in main
    self = load(from_parent)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\pickle.py", line 1384, in load
    return Unpickler(file).load()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\pickle.py", line 864, in load
    dispatch[key](self)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\pickle.py", line 1089, in load_newobj
    obj = cls.__new__(cls, *args)
TypeError: __new__() takes at least 2 arguments (1 given)

---

您在主进程中创建的

workabj

对象需要复制到子进程中。在Linux上，可以使用

fork

，使子进程成为父进程的完整副本。Windows上没有

fork

系统调用，因此

多进程

模块必须使用pickle将

workbj

对象复制到子进程中。有关详细信息，请参阅

多进程

模块文档：您已经回答了我的问题，谢谢。我现在确切地理解了问题所在，事实上，我在过去使用jsonpickle库解决了这个问题——只是没有在多处理的情况下！当Windows创建新进程时，它没有工作对象的副本，并且因为工作对象是自定义类，所以不能对其进行pickle。我想我可以通过把它变成一个函数来解决这个问题……自定义类可以被pickle。问题可能是您在

workabj.\uuuu init\uuu

中设置的一个或多个实例成员无法被pickle。您可以尝试将套接字创建代码以及

tprint

的初始化移动到

run

方法。

class workObj(Process):
        def __init__(self, name, ip, port, keyFile, *args, **kwargs):
                Process.__init__(self)
                global printer
                self.tprint = printer.tprint            # We'll hold a reference to printer internally.
                self.workCounter = 0
                self.ip = ip
                self.port = port
                self.conn = socket.socket()
                self.workDone = False
                self.connected = True
                self.conn.settimeout(10)
                self.secconn = ssl.wrap_socket(self.conn, ca_certs=keyFile, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED)
                self.name = name
                try:
                        self.secconn.connect((self.ip, self.port))
                except:
                        printer.tprint(self.name, "Fatal error in constructor: workObj {}: connect to {}:{} failed! WARNING! Object is unusable!".format(self.name, self.ip, self.port), error= True)
                        self.workDone = True
                        self.connected = False
                        # raise                         # Come back later and check this syntax.
        def getWorkCount(self):
                return self.workCounter
        def isConnected(self):
                return self.connected
        def finishUp(self):
                self.workDone = True
        def run(self):
                s = self.secconn
                tprint = self.tprint
                try:
                        while not self.workDone:
                                workStr = s.recv(128)
                                if workStr == "":
                                        self.workDone = True
                                        tprint(self.name, "Got blank job from server.")
                                        break
                                sendStr = doWork(workStr)
                                s.send(sendStr)
                                #s.send(doWork(s.recv(128)))
                                self.workCounter += 1
                except socket.timeout as e:
                        tprint(self.name, "Timeout getting or sending work. Assuming server broke.", error= True)
                        tprint(self.name, str(e), error=True)
                        self.workDone = True
                except KeyboardInterrupt as e:
                        tprint(self.name, "Caught keyboard interrupt, sending server blank job.", error=True)
                        s.send("")
                        self.workDone = True
                except:
                        # Literally anything else?
                        import sys
                        e = sys.exc_info()[:]
                        tprint(self.name, "workObj {} broke.".format(self.name), error=True)
                        tprint(self.name, "{}\n{}".format(e[1], e[2]), error=True)
                        self.workDone = True
                        #raise
                s.close()
                self.connected = False