Mysql 通过外键检索数据

我的数据库中有两个表，用户和投诉

用户表：

id |名称|密码

抱怨表

id |用户| id |标题|正文

用户id是一个外键。如何根据用户id从投诉表中检索标题和正文

这是我目前所拥有的，但我无法检索特定于用户id的数据

我的用户模型：

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use Notifiable;

    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'surname', 'regnumber', 'course', 'department', 'email', 'password',
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $hidden = [
        'password', 'remember_token',
    ];
}

---

您需要设置一对多关系，如下所述：

一旦你有了正确的方法，当你做类似于
$user->complaints
的事情时，Eloquent就会找到关系

class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * Get the complains for the User.
     */
    public function complains()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('App\Complain');
    }
}

class Complain extends Model
{
    /**
     * Get the User for the Complain.
     */
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('App\User');
    }
}

这是我的用户表迁移：

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->string('password');
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
}

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateComplainsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('complains', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('title');
            $table->text('body');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('complains');
    }
}

我的用户模型不扩展模型，它扩展了Authenticatable。如果我添加关系，逻辑会工作吗？illumb\Foundation\Auth\User extends Model。我已经分别在我的投诉模型和用户模型中创建了关系。在我的控制器中，我有：$complain=complain:：find（$id）；返回视图（'user.profile'）->带有投诉（$contrim）；但在我看来，我得到了这个错误：为foreach（）提供的参数无效这是我的视图：@foreach（$complaints as$complaints）{{{{$complaints->title}}@endforeachChange:return view（'user.profile'）->withcomplainty（$complaints）；返回视图（'user.profile'）->带有（['complains'=>$complains]）；您缺少向用户投诉的外键关系。使用户id未签名，并在其右下方添加：$foreign->（'user_id'）->references（'id'）->（'users'）；我应该加上：$foreign->（'user_id'）->references（'id'）->（'users'）；在我的迁移文件中？在下面的行中是：$table->integer（'user_id'）->after（'id'）->nullable（）；它抛出了一个解析错误：PHP解析错误：语法错误，意外的“（”，期望标识符（T_字符串）或变量（T_变量）或“{”或“$”inC:\xampp\htdocs\SCS\database\migrations\2017_06_08_175638_将_foreign_key_添加到_complains.PHP第18行$table->foreign（'user_id'）->references（'id'）->on（'users'）；
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->string('password');
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
}

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateComplainsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('complains', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('title');
            $table->text('body');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('complains');
    }
}

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class AddForeignKeyToComplains extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::table('complains', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->integer('user_id')->after('id')->nullable();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::table('complains', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dropColumn('user_id');
        });
    }
}