Gem:：LoadError：添加'Gem'；mysql'；`到你的档案

在遵循本指南时，我一直遇到此错误： 跑步

Gem::LoadError: Specified 'mysql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'mysql'` to your Gemfile.

在搜索了一段时间后，我被告知需要修改

gem文件

，添加

gem'mysql'

，然后运行

bundle安装

。但是，我无法在列表中看到mysql

$ cd activerecord
$ bundle exec rake test_sqlite3

Gemfile

Resolving dependencies...
Using rake (10.1.0) 
Using i18n (0.6.5) 
Using json (1.8.0) 
Using minitest (5.0.8) 
Using atomic (1.1.14) 
Using thread_safe (0.1.3) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.38) 
Using activesupport (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using rack (1.5.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using actionpack (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using builder (3.1.4) 
Using activemodel (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using actionview (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using mime-types (1.25) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.15) 
Using mail (2.5.4) 
Using actionmailer (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using arel (4.0.0) 
Using activerecord (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using bcrypt-ruby (3.1.2) 
Using benchmark-ips (1.2.0) 
Using bundler (1.3.5) 
Using coffee-script-source (1.6.3) 
Using execjs (2.0.2) 
Using coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Using thor (0.18.1) 
Using railties (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using coffee-rails (4.0.0) 
Using columnize (0.3.6) 
Using dalli (2.6.4) 
Using debugger-linecache (1.2.0) 
Using debugger-ruby_core_source (1.2.3) 
Using debugger (1.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.3) 
Using jquery-rails (2.2.2) 
Using mustache (0.99.4) 
Using mini_portile (0.5.1) 
Using nokogiri (1.6.0) 
Using kindlerb (0.1.1) 
Using metaclass (0.0.1) 
Using mocha (0.14.0) 
Using multi_json (1.8.1) 
Using racc (1.4.9) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using tilt (1.4.1) 
Using sprockets (2.10.0) 
Using sprockets-rails (2.0.0) 
Using rails (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using rdoc (3.12.2) 
Using redcarpet (2.2.2) 
Using sdoc (0.3.20) 
Using sqlite3 (1.3.8) 
Using turbolinks (1.3.0) 
Using uglifier (2.2.1) 
Using w3c_validators (1.2) 
Using yajl-ruby (1.1.0) 
Your bundle is complete!
Gems in the group db were not installed.
Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

$ cd rails
$ bundle exec rails new ~/my-test-app --dev

但是，如果我运行

gem list

，我的输出如下：

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails',     path: '/home/terence/rails'
gem 'arel',      github: 'rails/arel'

gem 'mysql', '~> 2.9.1'
gem 'mysql2', '~> 0.3.13'

# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3'

# Use edge version of sprockets-rails
gem 'sprockets-rails', github: 'rails/sprockets-rails'

# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', github: 'rails/sass-rails'

# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'

# Use CoffeeScript for .js.coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', github: 'rails/coffee-rails'

# See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'

# Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks'

# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 1.2'

# Run `rails console` in the browser. Read more: https://github.com/rails/web-console
gem 'web-console', group: :development

group :doc do
  # bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api.
  gem 'sdoc', require: false
end

# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.1.2'

# Use unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano', group: :development

# Use debugger
# gem 'debugger', group: [:development, :test]

数据库.yml

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

actionmailer (4.0.0)
actionpack (4.0.0)
activemodel (4.0.0)
activerecord (4.0.0)
activerecord-deprecated_finders (1.0.3)
activesupport (4.0.0)
arel (4.0.0)
atomic (1.1.14)
bcrypt-ruby (3.1.2)
benchmark-ips (1.2.0)
builder (3.1.4)
bundler (1.3.5)
bundler-unload (1.0.2)
celluloid (0.15.2)
chunky_png (1.2.8)
coderay (1.0.9)
coffee-rails (4.0.0)
coffee-script (2.2.0)
coffee-script-source (1.6.3)
columnize (0.3.6)
compass (0.12.2)
cyaml (0.0.45)
dalli (2.6.4)
debugger (1.6.2)
debugger-linecache (1.2.0)
debugger-ruby_core_source (1.2.3)
em-websocket (0.5.0)
erubis (2.7.0)
eventmachine (1.0.3)
execjs (2.0.2)
executable-hooks (1.2.3)
ffi (1.9.0)
formatador (0.2.4)
fssm (0.2.10)
guard (2.0.3)
guard-compass (1.0.0)
guard-haml (1.1.0)
guard-livereload (2.0.0)
haml (4.0.3)
hike (1.2.3)
http_parser.rb (0.5.3)
i18n (0.6.5)
jbuilder (1.5.1)
jquery-rails (3.0.4, 2.2.2)
json (1.8.0)
kindlerb (0.1.1)
listen (2.0.1)
lumberjack (1.0.4)
mail (2.5.4)
metaclass (0.0.1)
method_source (0.8.2)
mime-types (1.25)
mini_portile (0.5.1)
minitest (5.0.8, 4.7.5)
mocha (0.14.0)
multi_json (1.8.1)
mustache (0.99.4)
mysql (2.9.1)
mysql2 (0.3.13)
nokogiri (1.6.0)
polyglot (0.3.3)
pry (0.9.12.2)
racc (1.4.9)
rack (1.5.2)
rack-cache (1.2)
rack-test (0.6.2)
rails (4.0.0)
railties (4.0.0)
rake (10.1.0)
rb-fsevent (0.9.3)
rb-inotify (0.9.2)
rdoc (3.12.2)
redcarpet (2.2.2)
rubygems-bundler (1.3.4)
rvm (1.11.3.8)
sass (3.2.12)
sass-rails (4.0.0)
sdoc (0.3.20)
slop (3.4.6)
sprockets (2.10.0)
sprockets-rails (2.0.0)
sqlite3 (1.3.8)
thor (0.18.1)
thread_safe (0.1.3)
tilt (1.4.1)
timers (1.1.0)
treetop (1.4.15)
turbolinks (1.3.0)
tzinfo (0.3.38, 0.3.37)
uglifier (2.2.1)
w3c_validators (1.2)
web-console (1.0.3)
yajl-ruby (1.1.0)

---

请帮忙？

解决了：我花了一段时间才弄明白，我把责任归咎于导游。无论如何，请确保您正在编辑正确的Gemfile，并使用您更改的

Gemfile

在目录中进行

bundle安装。当我跑的时候

# SQLite version 3.x
#   gem install sqlite3
#
#   Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile
#   gem 'sqlite3'
development:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: db/development.sqlite3
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: db/test.sqlite3
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000

production:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: db/production.sqlite3
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000

这实际上在我的主目录中创建了一个名为
my test app
（其中包含一个Gemfile）的文件夹，但我必须在我的rails目录（其中也包含一个Gemfile）中运行
$bundle exec rake test\u sqlite3

查看我上面的输出，它说没有安装组db中的
gem。
当我运行
bundle install
时，指的是我的
Gemfile
中没有执行的行，它们恰好是安装mysql、mysql2和postgresql的gem行。我这样更正了文件：

Gemfile

Resolving dependencies...
Using rake (10.1.0) 
Using i18n (0.6.5) 
Using json (1.8.0) 
Using minitest (5.0.8) 
Using atomic (1.1.14) 
Using thread_safe (0.1.3) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.38) 
Using activesupport (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using rack (1.5.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using actionpack (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using builder (3.1.4) 
Using activemodel (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using actionview (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using mime-types (1.25) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.15) 
Using mail (2.5.4) 
Using actionmailer (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using arel (4.0.0) 
Using activerecord (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using bcrypt-ruby (3.1.2) 
Using benchmark-ips (1.2.0) 
Using bundler (1.3.5) 
Using coffee-script-source (1.6.3) 
Using execjs (2.0.2) 
Using coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Using thor (0.18.1) 
Using railties (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using coffee-rails (4.0.0) 
Using columnize (0.3.6) 
Using dalli (2.6.4) 
Using debugger-linecache (1.2.0) 
Using debugger-ruby_core_source (1.2.3) 
Using debugger (1.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.3) 
Using jquery-rails (2.2.2) 
Using mustache (0.99.4) 
Using mini_portile (0.5.1) 
Using nokogiri (1.6.0) 
Using kindlerb (0.1.1) 
Using metaclass (0.0.1) 
Using mocha (0.14.0) 
Using multi_json (1.8.1) 
Using racc (1.4.9) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using tilt (1.4.1) 
Using sprockets (2.10.0) 
Using sprockets-rails (2.0.0) 
Using rails (4.1.0.beta) from source at . 
Using rdoc (3.12.2) 
Using redcarpet (2.2.2) 
Using sdoc (0.3.20) 
Using sqlite3 (1.3.8) 
Using turbolinks (1.3.0) 
Using uglifier (2.2.1) 
Using w3c_validators (1.2) 
Using yajl-ruby (1.1.0) 
Your bundle is complete!
Gems in the group db were not installed.
Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

$ cd rails
$ bundle exec rails new ~/my-test-app --dev

我找到了这个错误的另一个原因。虽然我安装了mysql2 gem，但在我的模型中，我指定了字符串“mysql”来建立连接：

  # AR
  gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.3.6'
  gem 'mysql', '~> 2.9.1'
  gem 'mysql2', '~> 0.3.13'
  gem 'pg', '~> 0.17.0'

  group :db do
#    gem 'pg', '>= 0.11.0'
#    gem 'mysql', '>= 2.9.0'
#    gem 'mysql2', '>= 0.3.13'
  end

显然，它应该是“mysql2”而不是“mysql”。
我也有同样的问题。解决办法是我忘记相应地调整GEM文件。因此，请切换到创建rails应用程序的目录，然后使用
sudo vim Gemfile
打开Gemfile。
在那里你必须添加或删除某些宝石，根据你的需要。
在我的例子中，我必须用“mysql”交换db gem“sqlite3”。
之后，使用
：wq
保存文件，并再次运行
rails generate[model/controller/view]

这已经完成了我的工作，希望它能帮助你们中的一些人