Node.js mongoose：在X集合中创建新元素，在Y集合中更新另一个元素

我正在尝试开发一个CRUD应用程序，供用户存储、添加、删除和更新食谱。它建立在MEVN堆栈上。由于我需要向用户展示他们创建的配方，因此我尝试基于此模型创建一个配方：

const RecipeSchema = new Schema({
    title: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, 'Title of the recipe is required'],
    },
    category: {
        type: Array,
        required: [true, 'Category is required'],
    },
    description: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, 'Description is required'],
    },
    imgUrl: {
        type: String,
        required: [true, 'Image is required'],
    },
    ingredients: {
        type: Array,
        required: [true, 'Ingredients are required'],
    },
    timeOfPreparation: {
        type: String,
        required: true,
    },
    preparation: {
        type: String,
        required: true,
    },
    sourceName: {
        type: String,
        required: true,
    },
    sourceUrl: {
        type: String,
        required: true,
    },
    author: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User' }],
});

const Recipe = mongoose.model('Recipe', RecipeSchema);

module.exports = Recipe;

同时更新用户模型，基于此：

const UserSchema = Schema({
    googleId: String,
    name: String,
    favorites: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Recipe' }],
    authoredRecipes: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Recipe' }],
});

const User = mongoose.model('User', UserSchema);

module.exports = User;

在控制器中，我有以下方法（根据@Stock Overlaw注释）：

})

在转到/创建端点时调用此方法。然而，即使我得到了所有正确的id（req.body.author和recipe.id），我也无法让它工作。在我的mLab配方集合中，配方显示正确（我使用authorId插入的所有数据），但是在用户集合中，authoredRecipes数组保持为空

如何让mongoose既在一个集合中创建一个对象，又根据其id更新另一个对象？

for

findbyiandupdate

需要

\u id

字段作为其值，而不是对象：

User.findByIdAndUpdate(req.body.author, {
  $push: { authoredRecipes: recipe.id }
});
// equivalent to the more general method:
User.findOneAndUpdate({ _id: req.body.author }, {
  $push: { authoredRecipes: recipe.id }
});
// and if you don't need the modified document in your callback, this should be faster:
// EDIT: this is advised against (we should use a user object, not the collection)
User.update({ _id: req.body.author }, { // or updateOne
  $push: { authoredRecipes: recipe.id }
});

编辑：一个有效的、最少的示例 介意

{new:true}

也许吧？取决于你如何测试它是否有效

const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const fs = require('fs');

const userIdFile = './tmp.txt'; // just for this test

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/meuh', {
  useNewUrlParser: true, // removes a deprecation warning
  useFindAndModify: false // removes another deprecation warning
});

// make schemas/models
const RecipeSchema = mongoose.Schema({
  title: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.String }
});
const UserSchema = mongoose.Schema({
  name: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.String },
  data: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Recipe' }]
});
const RecipeModel = mongoose.model('Recipe', RecipeSchema);
const UserModel = mongoose.model('User', UserSchema);

// user precreation
// UserModel.create({
//   name: 'me, myself and I'
// }).then((user) => {
//   fs.writeFile(userIdFile, user.id, console.log.bind(null, 'error writing file:'));
//   mongoose.connection.close();
// });
// return;

// fetch user
const userId = fs.readFileSync(userIdFile);

let pushedRecipeId; // to test everything went smooth
RecipeModel.create({
  title: 'pasta solo'
}).then((recipe) => {
  console.log('created recipe:', recipe);
  pushedRecipeId = recipe.id;
  return UserModel.findOneAndUpdate(
    { _id: userId },
    { $push: { data: recipe.id } },
    { new: true } // forces callback to be passed a fresh object
  );
}).then((user) => {
  console.log('updated user:', user);
  console.log('izok:', !!~user.data.indexOf(pushedRecipeId));
  mongoose.connection.close();
}).catch((err) => {
  console.log('error', err);
  mongoose.connection.close();
})

我得到的示例输出：

#创建用户（未注释此部分）
ubuntu@ubuntu-VirtualBox:~/web/test$节点。
写入文件时出错：null
#调用$push（重新评论用户创建）
ubuntu@ubuntu-VirtualBox:~/web/test$节点。
创建的配方：{uu id:5c72be7032bd2f1acad37c95，标题：“意大利面独奏”，uuu v:0}
更新的用户：{数据：[5c72be7032bd2f1acad37c95]，
_id:5c72be6a8143fd1aa9416d85，
名字：“我，我自己和我”，
__v:0}
伊佐克：是的
#再推一次$push
ubuntu@ubuntu-VirtualBox:~/web/test$节点。
创建的配方：{id:5c72c020c2ac7a1b8c65fa36，标题：'意大利面独奏'，{v:0}
更新用户：{数据：[5c72be7032bd2f1acad37c95，5c72c020c2ac7a1b8c65fa36]，
_id:5c72be6a8143fd1aa9416d85，
名字：“我，我自己和我”，
__v:0}
伊佐克：是的
#再三
ubuntu@ubuntu-VirtualBox:~/web/test$节点。
创建的菜谱：{id:5c72c023bf62331b97ef096b，标题：'意大利面独奏'，{v:0}
更新的用户：{数据：
[5c72be7032bd2f1acad37c95，
5c72c020c2ac7a1b8c65fa36，
5c72c023bf62331b97ef096b]，
_id:5c72be6a8143fd1aa9416d85，
名字：“我，我自己和我”，
__v:0}
伊佐克：是的
#结束
ubuntu@ubuntu-VirtualBox:~/web/test$

---

我看不出你的代码有什么问题，但至少你有一些东西可以比较。。。希望这有帮助

不幸的是，这并不能解决这个问题，我仍然没有收到任何来自authoredRecipes的回复array@llievredemars我更新了一个例子，希望你能找出问题所在。谢谢！我插入了{new:true}，这就解决了这个问题！我很感激你花时间调试这个：）祝你有一个很棒的一天！好东西！但这意味着您没有完全测试数组是否为空：在回调中它只是空的（实际上：每次都晚了一步），而DB已经存储了它

const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const fs = require('fs');

const userIdFile = './tmp.txt'; // just for this test

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/meuh', {
  useNewUrlParser: true, // removes a deprecation warning
  useFindAndModify: false // removes another deprecation warning
});

// make schemas/models
const RecipeSchema = mongoose.Schema({
  title: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.String }
});
const UserSchema = mongoose.Schema({
  name: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.String },
  data: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Recipe' }]
});
const RecipeModel = mongoose.model('Recipe', RecipeSchema);
const UserModel = mongoose.model('User', UserSchema);

// user precreation
// UserModel.create({
//   name: 'me, myself and I'
// }).then((user) => {
//   fs.writeFile(userIdFile, user.id, console.log.bind(null, 'error writing file:'));
//   mongoose.connection.close();
// });
// return;

// fetch user
const userId = fs.readFileSync(userIdFile);

let pushedRecipeId; // to test everything went smooth
RecipeModel.create({
  title: 'pasta solo'
}).then((recipe) => {
  console.log('created recipe:', recipe);
  pushedRecipeId = recipe.id;
  return UserModel.findOneAndUpdate(
    { _id: userId },
    { $push: { data: recipe.id } },
    { new: true } // forces callback to be passed a fresh object
  );
}).then((user) => {
  console.log('updated user:', user);
  console.log('izok:', !!~user.data.indexOf(pushedRecipeId));
  mongoose.connection.close();
}).catch((err) => {
  console.log('error', err);
  mongoose.connection.close();
})