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如何使用iText和XMLWorker（HTML到PDF/a过程）生成有效的PDF/a文件

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如何使用iText和XMLWorker（HTML到PDF/a过程）生成有效的PDF/a文件,pdf,fonts,itext,pdfa,xmlworker,Pdf,Fonts,Itext,Pdfa,Xmlworker,我目前正在开发一种方法，可以接受HTML输入并将其转换为有效的PDF/a文件。我知道如何使用iText（参考：）以编程方式构造有效的PDF/a文件，但我无法使用HTML作为输入并使用XMLWorker将此输入转换为PDF文件来生成有效的PDF/a文件。我现在遇到的问题是由于PDF/A格式的嵌入式字体要求。我总是遇到这样的例外： 线程“main”com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAConformanceException中的异常：必须嵌入所有字体。这个不是：Helvetica 我试

我目前正在开发一种方法，可以接受HTML输入并将其转换为有效的PDF/a文件。我知道如何使用iText（参考：）以编程方式构造有效的PDF/a文件，但我无法使用HTML作为输入并使用XMLWorker将此输入转换为PDF文件来生成有效的PDF/a文件。我现在遇到的问题是由于PDF/A格式的嵌入式字体要求。我总是遇到这样的例外：

线程“main”com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAConformanceException中的异常：必须嵌入所有字体。这个不是：Helvetica

我试图通过CSS文件强制HTML输入使用哪些字体，并通过XMLWorkerFontProvider类在输出PDF文件中注册要使用的字体，但似乎我做错了什么，因为上面注释的异常总是被抛出

为了让XMLWorker使用通过XMLWorkerFontProvider类注册的字体，我还需要什么？我希望避免在输入中的每个HTML元素中使用默认字体Helvetica

下面是我用于测试的代码：

style.css（仅1行）：

Main.java：

package com.itextpdf;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;

import com.itextpdf.text.Document;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.ICC_Profile;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAConformanceLevel;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAWriter;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorker;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorkerFontProvider;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorkerHelper;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.CssFile;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.StyleAttrCSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliers;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliersImpl;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.Tags;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.parser.XMLParser;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CssResolverPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.end.PdfWriterPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipelineContext;

public class Main {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

        buf.append("<!DOCTYPE html>");
        buf.append("<html>");
        buf.append("<head>");
        buf.append("<title>Test</title>");
        buf.append("</head>");
        buf.append("<body>");
        buf.append("<p>This is a test</p>");
        buf.append("</body>");
        buf.append("</html>");

        OutputStream file = null;
        Document document = null;
        PdfAWriter writer = null;

        try {

            file = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\amartin\\Desktop\\Test.pdf"));
            document = new Document();
            writer = PdfAWriter.getInstance(document, file, PdfAConformanceLevel.PDF_A_1B);

            // Create XMP metadata. It's a PDF/A requirement.
            writer.createXmpMetadata();

            document.open();

            // Set output intent. PDF/A requirement.
            ICC_Profile icc = ICC_Profile.getInstance(new FileInputStream("./src/main/resources/com/itextpdf/sRGB Color Space Profile.icm"));
            writer.setOutputIntents("Custom", "", "http://www.color.org", "sRGB IEC61966-2.1", icc);

            // CSS
            CSSResolver cssResolver = new StyleAttrCSSResolver();
            CssFile cssFile = XMLWorkerHelper.getCSS(new FileInputStream("./css/style.css"));
            cssResolver.addCss(cssFile);

            XMLWorkerFontProvider fontProvider = new XMLWorkerFontProvider();
            fontProvider.register("./fonts/arial.ttf");
            fontProvider.register("./fonts/sans-serif.ttf");
            fontProvider.addFontSubstitute("lowagie", "garamond");

            CssAppliers cssAppliers = new CssAppliersImpl(fontProvider);
            HtmlPipelineContext htmlContext = new HtmlPipelineContext(cssAppliers);
            htmlContext.setTagFactory(Tags.getHtmlTagProcessorFactory());

            // Pipelines
            PdfWriterPipeline pdf = new PdfWriterPipeline(document, writer);
            HtmlPipeline html = new HtmlPipeline(htmlContext, pdf);
            CssResolverPipeline css = new CssResolverPipeline(cssResolver, html);

            XMLWorker worker = new XMLWorker(css, true);
            XMLParser p = new XMLParser(worker);

            Reader reader = new StringReader(buf.toString());
            p.parse(reader);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } finally {

            if (document != null && document.isOpen())
                document.close();

            try {

                if (file != null)
                    file.close();

            } catch (IOException e) {}

            if (writer != null && !writer.isCloseStream())
                writer.close();

        }

    }

}

package com.itextpdf;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;

import com.itextpdf.text.Document;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.ICC_Profile;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAConformanceLevel;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAWriter;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorker;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorkerHelper;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.CssFile;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.StyleAttrCSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliers;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliersImpl;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.Tags;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.parser.XMLParser;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CssResolverPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.end.PdfWriterPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipelineContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

        String title = "Test";

        // Sample HTML content.
        buf.append("<!DOCTYPE html>");
        buf.append("<html>");
        buf.append("<head>");
        buf.append("<title>" + title + "</title>");
        buf.append("</head>");
        buf.append("<body>");
        buf.append("<p>This is a test</p>");
        buf.append("</body>");
        buf.append("</html>");

        OutputStream file = null;
        Document document = null;
        PdfAWriter writer = null;

        try {

            file = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\amartin\\Desktop\\Test.pdf"));
            document = new Document();
            writer = PdfAWriter.getInstance(document, file, PdfAConformanceLevel.PDF_A_1B);

            // Avoid discrepances between document title and XMP metadata information.
            document.addTitle(title);

            // Create XMP metadata. It's a PDF/A requirement.
            writer.createXmpMetadata();

            document.open();

            // Set output intent. PDF/A requirement.
            ICC_Profile icc = ICC_Profile.getInstance(new FileInputStream("./src/main/resources/com/itextpdf/sRGB Color Space Profile.icm"));
            writer.setOutputIntents("Custom", "", "http://www.color.org", "sRGB IEC61966-2.1", icc);

            // CSS stylesheet.
            CSSResolver cssResolver = new StyleAttrCSSResolver();
            CssFile cssFile = XMLWorkerHelper.getCSS(new FileInputStream("./css/style.css"));
            cssResolver.addCss(cssFile);

            MyFontProvider fontProvider = new MyFontProvider();
            fontProvider.register("./fonts/arial.ttf");

            /* DEBUG
            System.out.println("Fonts present in " + fontProvider.getClass().getName());
            Set<String> registeredFonts = fontProvider.getRegisteredFonts();
            for (String font : registeredFonts)
                System.out.println(font);
            */

            CssAppliers cssAppliers = new CssAppliersImpl(fontProvider);
            HtmlPipelineContext htmlContext = new HtmlPipelineContext(cssAppliers);
            htmlContext.setTagFactory(Tags.getHtmlTagProcessorFactory());

            // Pipelines.
            PdfWriterPipeline pdf = new PdfWriterPipeline(document, writer);
            HtmlPipeline html = new HtmlPipeline(htmlContext, pdf);
            CssResolverPipeline css = new CssResolverPipeline(cssResolver, html);

            XMLWorker worker = new XMLWorker(css, true);
            XMLParser p = new XMLParser(worker);

            Reader reader = new StringReader(buf.toString());
            p.parse(reader);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } finally {

            if (document != null && document.isOpen())
                document.close();

            try {

                if (file != null)
                    file.close();

            } catch (IOException e) {}

            if (writer != null && !writer.isCloseStream())
                writer.close();

        }

    }

}
然后使用相同的参数调用parent.getFont（）方法。我看到的唯一输出是：

=fontname:null=编码：Cp1252=嵌入：true=大小：-1.0=样式：-1=基色：null =fontname:null=编码：Cp1252=嵌入：true=大小：-1.0=样式：-1=基色：null

然后抛出异常，粘贴在此代码之前。

根据您发送到
System.out
的反馈，XML Worker似乎没有选择您想要使用的字体系列

请按以下方式指定字体系列：

System.out.println("=fontname: " + fontname + " =encoding: " + encoding + " =embedded : " + embedded + " =size: " + size + " =style: " + style + " =BaseColor: " + color)

font-family: "Arial"
在CSS中使用“字体”可能会奏效，但这很棘手。我认为iText看到的是
normal
，并将其解释为使用默认字体。

使此示例正常工作的完整代码如下：

style.css：

* {
    font-family: "Arial";
    font-style: normal;
}
Main.java：

package com.itextpdf;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;

import com.itextpdf.text.Document;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.ICC_Profile;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAConformanceLevel;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAWriter;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorker;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorkerFontProvider;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorkerHelper;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.CssFile;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.StyleAttrCSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliers;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliersImpl;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.Tags;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.parser.XMLParser;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CssResolverPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.end.PdfWriterPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipelineContext;

public class Main {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

        buf.append("<!DOCTYPE html>");
        buf.append("<html>");
        buf.append("<head>");
        buf.append("<title>Test</title>");
        buf.append("</head>");
        buf.append("<body>");
        buf.append("<p>This is a test</p>");
        buf.append("</body>");
        buf.append("</html>");

        OutputStream file = null;
        Document document = null;
        PdfAWriter writer = null;

        try {

            file = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\amartin\\Desktop\\Test.pdf"));
            document = new Document();
            writer = PdfAWriter.getInstance(document, file, PdfAConformanceLevel.PDF_A_1B);

            // Create XMP metadata. It's a PDF/A requirement.
            writer.createXmpMetadata();

            document.open();

            // Set output intent. PDF/A requirement.
            ICC_Profile icc = ICC_Profile.getInstance(new FileInputStream("./src/main/resources/com/itextpdf/sRGB Color Space Profile.icm"));
            writer.setOutputIntents("Custom", "", "http://www.color.org", "sRGB IEC61966-2.1", icc);

            // CSS
            CSSResolver cssResolver = new StyleAttrCSSResolver();
            CssFile cssFile = XMLWorkerHelper.getCSS(new FileInputStream("./css/style.css"));
            cssResolver.addCss(cssFile);

            XMLWorkerFontProvider fontProvider = new XMLWorkerFontProvider();
            fontProvider.register("./fonts/arial.ttf");
            fontProvider.register("./fonts/sans-serif.ttf");
            fontProvider.addFontSubstitute("lowagie", "garamond");

            CssAppliers cssAppliers = new CssAppliersImpl(fontProvider);
            HtmlPipelineContext htmlContext = new HtmlPipelineContext(cssAppliers);
            htmlContext.setTagFactory(Tags.getHtmlTagProcessorFactory());

            // Pipelines
            PdfWriterPipeline pdf = new PdfWriterPipeline(document, writer);
            HtmlPipeline html = new HtmlPipeline(htmlContext, pdf);
            CssResolverPipeline css = new CssResolverPipeline(cssResolver, html);

            XMLWorker worker = new XMLWorker(css, true);
            XMLParser p = new XMLParser(worker);

            Reader reader = new StringReader(buf.toString());
            p.parse(reader);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } finally {

            if (document != null && document.isOpen())
                document.close();

            try {

                if (file != null)
                    file.close();

            } catch (IOException e) {}

            if (writer != null && !writer.isCloseStream())
                writer.close();

        }

    }

}

package com.itextpdf;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;

import com.itextpdf.text.Document;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.ICC_Profile;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAConformanceLevel;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfAWriter;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorker;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.XMLWorkerHelper;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.CssFile;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.css.StyleAttrCSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliers;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.CssAppliersImpl;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.html.Tags;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.parser.XMLParser;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CSSResolver;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.css.CssResolverPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.end.PdfWriterPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipeline;
import com.itextpdf.tool.xml.pipeline.html.HtmlPipelineContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

        String title = "Test";

        // Sample HTML content.
        buf.append("<!DOCTYPE html>");
        buf.append("<html>");
        buf.append("<head>");
        buf.append("<title>" + title + "</title>");
        buf.append("</head>");
        buf.append("<body>");
        buf.append("<p>This is a test</p>");
        buf.append("</body>");
        buf.append("</html>");

        OutputStream file = null;
        Document document = null;
        PdfAWriter writer = null;

        try {

            file = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\amartin\\Desktop\\Test.pdf"));
            document = new Document();
            writer = PdfAWriter.getInstance(document, file, PdfAConformanceLevel.PDF_A_1B);

            // Avoid discrepances between document title and XMP metadata information.
            document.addTitle(title);

            // Create XMP metadata. It's a PDF/A requirement.
            writer.createXmpMetadata();

            document.open();

            // Set output intent. PDF/A requirement.
            ICC_Profile icc = ICC_Profile.getInstance(new FileInputStream("./src/main/resources/com/itextpdf/sRGB Color Space Profile.icm"));
            writer.setOutputIntents("Custom", "", "http://www.color.org", "sRGB IEC61966-2.1", icc);

            // CSS stylesheet.
            CSSResolver cssResolver = new StyleAttrCSSResolver();
            CssFile cssFile = XMLWorkerHelper.getCSS(new FileInputStream("./css/style.css"));
            cssResolver.addCss(cssFile);

            MyFontProvider fontProvider = new MyFontProvider();
            fontProvider.register("./fonts/arial.ttf");

            /* DEBUG
            System.out.println("Fonts present in " + fontProvider.getClass().getName());
            Set<String> registeredFonts = fontProvider.getRegisteredFonts();
            for (String font : registeredFonts)
                System.out.println(font);
            */

            CssAppliers cssAppliers = new CssAppliersImpl(fontProvider);
            HtmlPipelineContext htmlContext = new HtmlPipelineContext(cssAppliers);
            htmlContext.setTagFactory(Tags.getHtmlTagProcessorFactory());

            // Pipelines.
            PdfWriterPipeline pdf = new PdfWriterPipeline(document, writer);
            HtmlPipeline html = new HtmlPipeline(htmlContext, pdf);
            CssResolverPipeline css = new CssResolverPipeline(cssResolver, html);

            XMLWorker worker = new XMLWorker(css, true);
            XMLParser p = new XMLParser(worker);

            Reader reader = new StringReader(buf.toString());
            p.parse(reader);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } finally {

            if (document != null && document.isOpen())
                document.close();

            try {

                if (file != null)
                    file.close();

            } catch (IOException e) {}

            if (writer != null && !writer.isCloseStream())
                writer.close();

        }

    }

}
再次感谢你，布鲁诺。我很高兴在这里得到您的帮助：）

创建自己的
FontProvider
实现，并将请求的字体写入
系统。out
。确保所有这些字体都映射到字体程序。嗨，布鲁诺。我按照你的评论做了，我已经发布了编辑问题的结果。如果您愿意提供一些反馈或建议，我将不胜感激。输出意味着您在CSS中定义的字体没有被XML Worker使用。现在我看看你的CSS，我知道为什么了。试试
font-family:“Arial”
而不是使用
font
。现在效果很好，布鲁诺。非常感谢你的帮助！你愿意回答这个问题吗？然后我可以把你的答案标记为正确后关闭它？再次，非常感谢：-）你能看一下这个问题吗：我使用了你的代码，但收到错误消息
所有字体都必须嵌入。这个不是：Helvetica
。如何在Windows计算机上修复此问题？我正在使用
fontProvider.register（“C:\\Windows\\font\\Arial.ttf”）