Perl 导出变量在导出后仍然不可见

我正在开发一个简单的Perl模块，用于创建和验证音符，并找到与之和谐的音符。我正在存储一个包含模块中所有有效注释的数组引用，然后将其导出，以便

Note.pm

模块可以查看哪些注释有效，并在创建

Note

对象时对照列表进行检查

问题是，无论我尝试什么，导出的

$VALID\u NOTES

数组引用在

Note.pm

中都不可见！我已经阅读了上千次文档，回顾了大量使用

Exporter

的旧Perl模块，但我无法找出这里的错误

代码如下：

test.pl

use strict;
use warnings;
use Music;

my $m = Music->new();

my $note = $m->note('C');

print $note;

音乐.pm

package Music;

use Moose;
use Note;

use Exporter qw(import);
our @EXPORT_OK = qw($VALID_NOTES);

no warnings 'qw';

# Valid notes
# Enharmonic notes are in preferred (most common) order:
#     Natural -> Sharp -> Flat -> Double Sharp -> Double Flat
our $VALID_NOTES = [
    [ qw(C B#        Dbb) ],
    [ qw(  C# Db B##    ) ],
    [ qw(D       C## Ebb) ],
    [ qw(  D# Eb     Fbb) ],
    [ qw(E    Fb D##    ) ],
    [ qw(F E#        Gbb) ],
    [ qw(  F# Gb E##    ) ],
    [ qw(G       F## Abb) ],
    [ qw(  G# Ab        ) ],
    [ qw(A       G## Bbb) ],
    [ qw(  A# Bb     Cbb) ],
    [ qw(B    Cb A##    ) ],
];

sub note {
    my $self = shift;
    my $name = shift;
    return Note->new(name => $name);
}

__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;

package Note;

use Moose;
use Music qw($VALID_NOTES);
use experimental 'smartmatch';

has 'name'  => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
has 'index' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Int', lazy => 1, builder => '_get_index');

# Overload stringification
use overload fallback => 1, '""' => sub { shift->name() };

sub BUILD {
    my $self = shift;
    if (!grep { $self ~~ @{$VALID_NOTES->[$_]} } 0..$#{$VALID_NOTES}) {
        die "Invalid note: '$self'\n";
    }
}

sub _get_index {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($index) = grep { $self ~~ @{$VALID_NOTES->[$_]} } 0..$#{$VALID_NOTES};
    return $index;
}

sub enharmonic_notes {
    my $self = shift;
    my $index = $self->index();
    return map { Note->new($_) } @{$VALID_NOTES->[$index]};
}

__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;

注意.pm

package Music;

use Moose;
use Note;

use Exporter qw(import);
our @EXPORT_OK = qw($VALID_NOTES);

no warnings 'qw';

# Valid notes
# Enharmonic notes are in preferred (most common) order:
#     Natural -> Sharp -> Flat -> Double Sharp -> Double Flat
our $VALID_NOTES = [
    [ qw(C B#        Dbb) ],
    [ qw(  C# Db B##    ) ],
    [ qw(D       C## Ebb) ],
    [ qw(  D# Eb     Fbb) ],
    [ qw(E    Fb D##    ) ],
    [ qw(F E#        Gbb) ],
    [ qw(  F# Gb E##    ) ],
    [ qw(G       F## Abb) ],
    [ qw(  G# Ab        ) ],
    [ qw(A       G## Bbb) ],
    [ qw(  A# Bb     Cbb) ],
    [ qw(B    Cb A##    ) ],
];

sub note {
    my $self = shift;
    my $name = shift;
    return Note->new(name => $name);
}

__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;

package Note;

use Moose;
use Music qw($VALID_NOTES);
use experimental 'smartmatch';

has 'name'  => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
has 'index' => (is => 'ro', isa => 'Int', lazy => 1, builder => '_get_index');

# Overload stringification
use overload fallback => 1, '""' => sub { shift->name() };

sub BUILD {
    my $self = shift;
    if (!grep { $self ~~ @{$VALID_NOTES->[$_]} } 0..$#{$VALID_NOTES}) {
        die "Invalid note: '$self'\n";
    }
}

sub _get_index {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($index) = grep { $self ~~ @{$VALID_NOTES->[$_]} } 0..$#{$VALID_NOTES};
    return $index;
}

sub enharmonic_notes {
    my $self = shift;
    my $index = $self->index();
    return map { Note->new($_) } @{$VALID_NOTES->[$index]};
}

__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;

当我运行代码时，我得到以下输出：

Global symbol "$VALID_NOTES" requires explicit package name at Note.pm line 15.
Global symbol "$VALID_NOTES" requires explicit package name at Note.pm line 15.
Global symbol "$VALID_NOTES" requires explicit package name at Note.pm line 22.
Global symbol "$VALID_NOTES" requires explicit package name at Note.pm line 22.
Global symbol "$VALID_NOTES" requires explicit package name at Note.pm line 29.

---

在

Music.pm

中，在加载

注释之前，在开始块中填充
@EXPORT\u OK
：

package Music;
use Moose;
our @EXPORT_OK;
BEGIN { @EXPORT_OK = qw($VALID_NOTES) }
use Exporter qw(import);
use Note;

回答。就个人而言，我会将
$VALID_NOTES
移动到它所属的便笺中。您始终可以将其导入音乐并从音乐中重新导出。请不要使用smartmatch实验功能；它将从Perl中删除或以向后不兼容的方式进行更改。混合Moose和Exporter？我不希望如此。@ikegami:对于OO模块，我更希望使用包方法返回结构。@ikegami:好吧，最好将它伪装成变量：-）我得到
C
作为输出。很有趣。。。我只是复制并粘贴了它，以确保我没有犯错误，而且它对我来说仍然失败。在其他地方有一个打字错误！它起作用了。谢谢我想我可以把这个变量移到“Notes”模块中，以完全消除这个问题。