fscanf C代码的Python替代方案

我有一些运行良好的C代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
    FILE *fp;
    struct emp
    {
        char name[40];
        int age;
        float bs;
    };
    struct emp e;
    fp=fopen("EMPLOYEE.DAT","r");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        puts("Cannot open file";
        exit(1);
    }
    while(fscanf(f,"%s %d %f",&e.name,&e.age,&e.bs)!=EOF)
        printf("%s %d %f\n",e.name,e.age,e.bs);

    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

将此代码翻译为Python时遇到问题：

while(fscanf(f,"%s %d %f",&e.name,&e.age,&e.bs)!=EOF)
    printf("%s %d %f\n",e.name,e.age,e.bs);

有没有办法在Python中实现这一点？此外，什么是

exit（）

和

EOF

的Pythonic替代方案？

类似于：

with open("EMPLOYEE.DAT") as f: # open the file for reading
    for line in f: # iterate over each line
        name, age, bs = line.split() # split it by whitespace
        age = int(age) # convert age from string to int
        bs = float(bs) # convert bs from string to float
        print(name, age, bs)

如果要将数据存储在结构中，可以使用内置的dict

type（哈希映射）

或者您可以定义自己的类：

class Employee(object):
    def __init__(self, name, age, bs):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.bs = bs

e = Employee(name, age, bs) # create an instance
e.name # access data

编辑

如果文件不存在，下面是一个处理错误的版本。并返回一个
退出
代码

import sys
try:
    with open("EMPLOYEE.DAT") as f:
        for line in f:
            name, age, bs = line.split()
            age = int(age)
            bs = float(bs)
            print(name, age, bs)
except IOError:
    print("Cannot open file")
    sys.exit(1)

对于f中的行：
足以避免使用
f.readlines
一次性读取文件。无论如何，它与行为的匹配度更高。可能是
class Employee(object):
    def __init__(self, name, age, bs):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.bs = bs

e = Employee(name, age, bs) # create an instance
e.name # access data

import sys
try:
    with open("EMPLOYEE.DAT") as f:
        for line in f:
            name, age, bs = line.split()
            age = int(age)
            bs = float(bs)
            print(name, age, bs)
except IOError:
    print("Cannot open file")
    sys.exit(1)