Python CSV行追加：DictWriter始终从第一列写入

输入文件：

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7

import csv

all_keys = ['cat1', 'cat2', 'cat3']
default_values = {i: 0 for i in all_keys}

def read_csv():
    with open('test.csv', 'r') as f:
        reader = csv.DictReader(f)
        yield from reader

for row in read_csv():
    for i in all_keys:
        default_values[i] += int(row[i])

with open('test.csv', 'a') as w:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(w, fieldnames=all_keys)
    writer.writerow(default_values)

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7
561,230,579

预期CSV输出（求和列

cat1

、

cat2

和

cat3

并追加求和）：

代码：

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7

import csv

all_keys = ['cat1', 'cat2', 'cat3']
default_values = {i: 0 for i in all_keys}

def read_csv():
    with open('test.csv', 'r') as f:
        reader = csv.DictReader(f)
        yield from reader

for row in read_csv():
    for i in all_keys:
        default_values[i] += int(row[i])

with open('test.csv', 'a') as w:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(w, fieldnames=all_keys)
    writer.writerow(default_values)

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7
561,230,579

实际输出：

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7

import csv

all_keys = ['cat1', 'cat2', 'cat3']
default_values = {i: 0 for i in all_keys}

def read_csv():
    with open('test.csv', 'r') as f:
        reader = csv.DictReader(f)
        yield from reader

for row in read_csv():
    for i in all_keys:
        default_values[i] += int(row[i])

with open('test.csv', 'a') as w:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(w, fieldnames=all_keys)
    writer.writerow(default_values)

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7
561,230,579

问题：

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7

import csv

all_keys = ['cat1', 'cat2', 'cat3']
default_values = {i: 0 for i in all_keys}

def read_csv():
    with open('test.csv', 'r') as f:
        reader = csv.DictReader(f)
        yield from reader

for row in read_csv():
    for i in all_keys:
        default_values[i] += int(row[i])

with open('test.csv', 'a') as w:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(w, fieldnames=all_keys)
    writer.writerow(default_values)

$ cat test.csv 
company,spread,cat1,cat2,cat3
A,XYZ,32,67,0
B,XYZ,43,0,432
C,XYZ,32,76,32
D,XYZ,454,87,43
E,XYZ,0,0,65
F,XYZ,0,0,7
561,230,579

csv.DictWriter

未使用正确的列对齐方式追加行。我知道我有5列，但我只为3列提供值。但我认为，由于这是DictWriter，它将只向匹配的列标题追加值。如果我打开我的

实际输出

CSV，很明显列没有对齐：

---

您应该在

字段名中包含前两个的列名

：

with open('test.csv', 'a') as w:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(w, fieldnames=['company', 'spread']+all_keys)
    writer.writerow(default_values)

---

如果字典中没有键，则前两列将写入空白值。

您可以这样声明您的编写器：

with open('test.csv', 'a') as w:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(w, fieldnames=all_keys, restval=' ')
    writer.writerow(default_values)

---

因此，您不必指定所有缺少的键：对于所有缺少的键，restval char将使用您选择的值填充

可选的restval参数指定如果字典在字段名中缺少键，则要写入的值。从这里开始。所以DictWriter（f，fieldnames，restval=“…）应该工作，我试过了。但它不起作用。结果和以前一样。我的代码有问题吗？它就像

restval

参数一样被完全忽略。我已经接受了@moses的答案。但是，我想知道为什么

restval

不适合我+1您的时间。@slayedbylucifer

restval

仅适用于

字段名中存在的键。事实上，我的解决方案也使用了
restval
，其默认值为
'
；我不需要明确地传递它。