Python 逐块解析xml文件并获取每个块中的值

我有一个10 GB的xml文件，其中包括不同块的列表。以下是我的文件的一个片段：

<image>
    <ref>www.test.com</ref>
    <label/>
    <number>0</number>
    <ID>ID0</ID>
    <name>test1</name>
    <comment>
        <line number="0">This is a comment</line>
        <line number="1">This is also another comment</line>
    </comment>
    <creationDate>2017-02-13T15:46:16-04:00</creationDate>
</image>

<result>
    <ref>www.test1.com</ref>
    <label/>
    <number>001</number>
    <ID>RE1</ID>
    <name>test2</name>
    <comment>
        <line number="0">This is a comment2</line>
    </comment>
    <creationDate>2017-01-13T15:46:16-04:00</creationDate>
</result>

<image>
    <ref>www.test3.com</ref>
    <label/>
    <number>1</number>
    <ID>ID1</ID>
    <value>10030</value>
    <name>test3</name>
    <comment>
        <line number="0">This is a comment3</line>
    </comment>
    <creationDate>2017-04-13T15:46:16-04:00</creationDate>
</image>

你能帮我解决这个问题吗。我对xml解析一无所知。

---

我还想将每个解析的块转换为python中的字典。可能吗？

它不是“逐行”读取XML文件。它在每个元素的末尾返回一个

end

事件。也就是说，如果您的输入文件如下所示：

<data>
  <widgets location="earth">
    <widget name="gizmo"/>
    <widget name="gadget"/>
    <widget name="thingamajig"/>
  </widgets>
</data>

如果需要，还可以在每个元素的开头添加，如下所示：

for event, element in etree.iterparse(fd, events=('start', 'end')):
    print event, element

其输出为：

end <Element widget at 0x7f31e3132488>
end <Element widget at 0x7f31e3123f38>
end <Element widget at 0x7f31e3123ef0>
end <Element widgets at 0x7f31e31327a0>
end <Element data at 0x7f31e31324d0>

start <Element data at 0x7fccf78cc518>
start <Element widgets at 0x7fccf78cc7e8>
start <Element widget at 0x7fccf78cc4d0>
end <Element widget at 0x7fccf78cc4d0>
start <Element widget at 0x7fccf78bdf80>
end <Element widget at 0x7fccf78bdf80>
start <Element widget at 0x7fccf78bdf38>
end <Element widget at 0x7fccf78bdf38>
end <Element widgets at 0x7fccf78cc7e8>
end <Element data at 0x7fccf78cc518>

其输出为：

{'earth': ['gizmo', 'gadget', 'thingamajig']}

我希望这能让您了解如何处理输入文件中的每个感兴趣的块

from lxml import etree

with open('data2.xml') as fd:
    widgets = {}
    loc = None

    for event, element in etree.iterparse(fd, events=('start', 'end')):
        if event == 'start' and element.tag == 'widgets':
            loc = element.get('location')
            widgets[loc] = []
        elif event == 'end' and element.tag == 'widget':
            widgets[loc].append(element.get('name'))

    print widgets

{'earth': ['gizmo', 'gadget', 'thingamajig']}