Python 测试没有通过Django，而它应该

我刚从Django开始，我想也许有人可以告诉我一个简单的测试，我写的应该通过，但显然没有。好吧，我说应该是这样的，但作为Django的新手，我想我缺乏知识是它失败的原因

我用另一个模型和一对一的关系扩展了django用户模型，正如文档中所建议的那样，在模型中添加了一个字段。该模型，即UserStep，只包含一个从零开始的整数。我还决定扩展管理器，以实现一个名为setUserStep的方法，如果满足条件，该方法将步骤设置为一个新值

型号.py

class UserStepManager(models.Manager):
    def setUserStep(self, user, conditional_step, step):
        if user.userstep.step == conditional_step:
            user.userstep.step = step
            user.userstep.save()


class UserStep(models.Model):
    """This model holds the user step count"""
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    step = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    # we set the custom manager
    objects = UserStepManager()

@receiver(user_signed_up)
def complete_social_signup(sender, **kwargs):
    """We start step to 0"""
    user = kwargs.pop('user')
    us = UserStep(user=user)
    us.save()

@login_required
def step1(request):
    context_dict = {}
    UserStep.objects.setUserStep(request.user, 0, 1)
    return render(request, 'phase1/step1.html', context_dict)

class MyTests(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.test_user = User.objects.create_user(username="test",
                                                  email="test@test.com",
                                                  password="test")
        # Mock user_signed_up signal.
        us = UserStep(user=self.test_user)
        us.save()
        self.c = Client()

    def test_step_gets_incremented(self):
        self.c.login(username="test", password="test")
        response = self.c.get('/phase1/step1/')
        # user is logged in, the test should pass
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        current_user_step = self.test_user.userstep.step
        # Test doesn't pass. WHY ME
        self.assertEqual(current_user_step, 1)

然后，当用户注册时，将创建一个新的UserStep对象

型号.py

class UserStepManager(models.Manager):
    def setUserStep(self, user, conditional_step, step):
        if user.userstep.step == conditional_step:
            user.userstep.step = step
            user.userstep.save()


class UserStep(models.Model):
    """This model holds the user step count"""
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    step = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    # we set the custom manager
    objects = UserStepManager()

@receiver(user_signed_up)
def complete_social_signup(sender, **kwargs):
    """We start step to 0"""
    user = kwargs.pop('user')
    us = UserStep(user=user)
    us.save()

@login_required
def step1(request):
    context_dict = {}
    UserStep.objects.setUserStep(request.user, 0, 1)
    return render(request, 'phase1/step1.html', context_dict)

class MyTests(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.test_user = User.objects.create_user(username="test",
                                                  email="test@test.com",
                                                  password="test")
        # Mock user_signed_up signal.
        us = UserStep(user=self.test_user)
        us.save()
        self.c = Client()

    def test_step_gets_incremented(self):
        self.c.login(username="test", password="test")
        response = self.c.get('/phase1/step1/')
        # user is logged in, the test should pass
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        current_user_step = self.test_user.userstep.step
        # Test doesn't pass. WHY ME
        self.assertEqual(current_user_step, 1)

我在我的一个视图中使用管理器中定义的方法

setUserStep

，当用户请求

/phase1/step1/

URL时，会调用该方法。因此，如果当前步长为零，则将其设置为1。就这么简单

视图.py

class UserStepManager(models.Manager):
    def setUserStep(self, user, conditional_step, step):
        if user.userstep.step == conditional_step:
            user.userstep.step = step
            user.userstep.save()


class UserStep(models.Model):
    """This model holds the user step count"""
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    step = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    # we set the custom manager
    objects = UserStepManager()

@receiver(user_signed_up)
def complete_social_signup(sender, **kwargs):
    """We start step to 0"""
    user = kwargs.pop('user')
    us = UserStep(user=user)
    us.save()

@login_required
def step1(request):
    context_dict = {}
    UserStep.objects.setUserStep(request.user, 0, 1)
    return render(request, 'phase1/step1.html', context_dict)

class MyTests(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.test_user = User.objects.create_user(username="test",
                                                  email="test@test.com",
                                                  password="test")
        # Mock user_signed_up signal.
        us = UserStep(user=self.test_user)
        us.save()
        self.c = Client()

    def test_step_gets_incremented(self):
        self.c.login(username="test", password="test")
        response = self.c.get('/phase1/step1/')
        # user is logged in, the test should pass
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        current_user_step = self.test_user.userstep.step
        # Test doesn't pass. WHY ME
        self.assertEqual(current_user_step, 1)

我通过注册并调用该视图手动测试了该行为，所有操作都按预期进行。当我检查数据库时，

user.userstep.step

被设置为1

然后，作为一个好孩子，我决定开始写一些测试（我还没有到先写测试的地步，我应该先写测试来测试我的测试：p）

测试.py

class UserStepManager(models.Manager):
    def setUserStep(self, user, conditional_step, step):
        if user.userstep.step == conditional_step:
            user.userstep.step = step
            user.userstep.save()


class UserStep(models.Model):
    """This model holds the user step count"""
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    step = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    # we set the custom manager
    objects = UserStepManager()

@receiver(user_signed_up)
def complete_social_signup(sender, **kwargs):
    """We start step to 0"""
    user = kwargs.pop('user')
    us = UserStep(user=user)
    us.save()

@login_required
def step1(request):
    context_dict = {}
    UserStep.objects.setUserStep(request.user, 0, 1)
    return render(request, 'phase1/step1.html', context_dict)

class MyTests(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.test_user = User.objects.create_user(username="test",
                                                  email="test@test.com",
                                                  password="test")
        # Mock user_signed_up signal.
        us = UserStep(user=self.test_user)
        us.save()
        self.c = Client()

    def test_step_gets_incremented(self):
        self.c.login(username="test", password="test")
        response = self.c.get('/phase1/step1/')
        # user is logged in, the test should pass
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        current_user_step = self.test_user.userstep.step
        # Test doesn't pass. WHY ME
        self.assertEqual(current_user_step, 1)

和BOOM

AssertionError:0！=1

我甚至在我的view方法中做了一个简单的print，它得到了应有的调用

---

谢谢

您必须从数据库重新加载

test\u user

，因为将用户更改为另一个用户实例。这意味着如果：

u1 = User.objects.get(id = 1)
u2 = User.objects.get(id = 1)

---

对

u1

的更改（即使已保存）不会镜像到

u2

。因此，在请求之后，您必须再次从数据库中获取用户。

当您使用类似于

us=UserStep.objects.get（user=self.test\u user）的东西显式地从数据库中获取用户时会发生什么；self.assertEqual（美国步骤1）

？：为什么？？？？你说得对！它过去了！哇，我对python和django的知识的缺乏显然是问题所在。谢谢将在7分钟内接受。