Python 无法刮取动态内容（使用飞溅设置刮取）_Python_Python 3.x_Scrapy_Scrapy Splash_Dynamic Content

Python 无法刮取动态内容（使用飞溅设置刮取）

python python-3.x scrapy

Python 无法刮取动态内容（使用飞溅设置刮取）,python,python-3.x,scrapy,scrapy-splash,dynamic-content,Python,Python 3.x,Scrapy,Scrapy Splash,Dynamic Content,我试图从主要由动态内容组成的页面中删除有关学校的内容，因此我遵循了使用splash的步骤我使用以下命令成功地在mac os上运行docker映像： docker run -p 8050:8050 scrapinghub/splash 下面是scrapy的settings.py经过修改后的样子： BOT_NAME = 'school_scrape' SPIDER_MODULES = ['school_scrape.spiders'] NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'school_scr

我试图从主要由动态内容组成的页面中删除有关学校的内容，因此我遵循了使用splash的步骤

我使用以下命令成功地在mac os上运行docker映像：

docker run -p 8050:8050 scrapinghub/splash

下面是scrapy的

settings.py

经过修改后的样子：

BOT_NAME = 'school_scrape'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['school_scrape.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'school_scrape.spiders'
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True
SPLASH_URL = 'http://192.168.59.103:8050'
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware': 723,
    'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware': 725,
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware': 810,
}
SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy_splash.SplashDeduplicateArgsMiddleware': 100,
}
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter'
HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage'

下面是我试图从其中一个学校页面中提取值的动态内容示例（本例中为1,1,1,1）：

以下是google chrome中的检查：

我将这一行添加到spider模块

schools.py

school_count = response.xpath('//*[@class="school-count"]/text()')

这里是schools.py：

from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor


class SchoolsSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = 'schools'
    allowed_domains = ['greatschools.org']
    start_urls = [
        'https://www.greatschools.org/schools/districts/Connecticut/CT/',
        'https://www.greatschools.org/schools/districts/New_Jersey/NJ/'
    ]
    rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(
        allow=['connecticut/', 'new-jersey/']), callback='parse_page', follow=True),)

    @staticmethod
    def parse_page(response):
        school_data = dict()
        school_data['title'] = response.xpath('//h1/text()').get()
        if not school_data['title'] or 'School' not in school_data['title']:
            return
        school_data['address'], school_data['phone'], *_ = response.xpath(
            '//*[@class="content"]/text()').extract()
        school_count = response.xpath('//*[@class="school-count"]/text()')
        print(school_count)
        yield {label: value.strip() for label, value in school_data.items()}

但是，它会导致空列表，这意味着它无法检测动态内容。有没有办法让它不使用硒而工作

我尝试了Wim Hermans的建议，但它不起作用，下面是日志：

2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 2.2.1 started (bot: school_scrape)
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.5.0.0, libxml2 2.9.10, cssselect 1.1.0, parsel 1.6.0, w3lib 1.22.0, Twisted 20.3.0, Python 3.8.3 (default, May 27 2020, 20:54:22) - [Clang 11.0.3 (clang-1103.0.32.59)], pyOpenSSL 19.1.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1g  21 Apr 2020), cryptography 3.0, Platform macOS-10.15.6-x86_64-i386-64bit
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.utils.log] DEBUG: Using reactor: twisted.internet.selectreactor.SelectReactor
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings:
{'BOT_NAME': 'school_scrape',
 'DUPEFILTER_CLASS': 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter',
 'HTTPCACHE_STORAGE': 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage',
 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'school_scrape.spiders',
 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['school_scrape.spiders']}
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: a22c386624bcd3a4
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.memusage.MemoryUsage',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy_splash.SplashDeduplicateArgsMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.greatschools.org/schools/districts/Connecticut/CT/> (referer: None)
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.greatschools.org/schools/districts/New_Jersey/NJ/> (referer: None)
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [py.warnings] WARNING: /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/scrapy_splash/request.py:41: ScrapyDeprecationWarning: Call to deprecated function to_native_str. Use to_unicode instead.
  url = to_native_str(url)

2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite] DEBUG: Filtered offsite request to 'www.greatschools.org': <GET https://www.greatschools.org/connecticut/hartford/achievement-first-hartford-ac/>
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 505,
 'downloader/request_count': 2,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 2,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 45862,
 'downloader/response_count': 2,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 2,
 'elapsed_time_seconds': 0.609385,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2020, 7, 30, 20, 10, 57, 926858),
 'log_count/DEBUG': 3,
 'log_count/INFO': 10,
 'log_count/WARNING': 1,
 'memusage/max': 49856512,
 'memusage/startup': 49856512,
 'offsite/domains': 1,
 'offsite/filtered': 882,
 'request_depth_max': 1,
 'response_received_count': 2,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 2,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 2,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 2,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 2,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2020, 7, 30, 20, 10, 57, 317473)}
2020-07-30 22:10:57 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.utils.log]信息：scrapy 2.2.1已启动（bot:school\u scrape）
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.utils.log]信息：版本：lxml 4.5.0.0，libxml2.9.10，CSSELECT 1.1.0，parsel 1.6.0，w3lib 1.22.0，Twisted 20.3.0，Python 3.8.3（默认，2020年5月27日，20:54:22）-[Clang 11.0.3（Clang-1103.0.32.59）]，pyOpenSSL 19.1.0（OpenSSL 1.1.1.1g，2020年4月21日），3.0，macOS-10.15-x86位加密平台
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.utils.log]调试：使用reactor:twisted.internet.selectreactor.selectreactor
2020-07-30 22:10:57[抓取程序]信息：覆盖设置：
{'BOT_NAME'：'school_scrap'，
“DUPEFILTER\u类”：“刮花飞溅。飞溅物Upefilter”，
“HTTPCACHE\u存储”：“scrapy\u splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage”，
“新闻蜘蛛模块”：“学校蜘蛛”，
“蜘蛛模块”：['school\u scrape.SPIDER']}
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.extensions.telnet]信息：telnet密码：a22c386624bcd3a4
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.middleware]信息：启用的扩展：
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.corestats'，
'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole'，
'scrapy.extensions.memusage.MemoryUsage'，
'scrapy.extensions.logstats.logstats']
2020-07-30 22:10:57[剪贴簿中间件]信息：启用的下载程序中间件：
['scrapy.downloaderMiddleware.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware'，
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware'，
'scrapy.downloaderMiddleware.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.retry.RetryMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.redirect.RedirectMiddleware'，
“scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.cookies.CookiesMiddleware”，
“刮擦飞溅，飞溅”，
"刮花,溅花",，
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware'，
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.stats.DownloaderStats']
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.middleware]信息：启用的蜘蛛中间件：
['scrapy.spidermiddleware.httperror.httperror中间件'，
“刮花，刮花”，
'刮皮.SpiderMiddleware.场外.场外Iddleware'，
“scrapy.Spidermiddleware.referer.RefererMiddleware”，
'scrapy.spiderMiddleware.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware'，
'scrapy.spidermiddleware.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.middleware]信息：启用的项目管道：
[]
2020-07-30 22:10:57[刮屑.堆芯.发动机]信息：蜘蛛网已打开
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.extensions.logstats]信息：抓取0页（以0页/分钟的速度），抓取0项（以0项/分钟的速度）
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.extensions.telnet]信息：telnet控制台监听127.0.0.1:6023
2020-07-30 22:10:57[刮屑核心引擎]调试：爬网（200）（参考：无）
2020-07-30 22:10:57[刮屑核心引擎]调试：爬网（200）（参考：无）
2020-07-30 22:10:57[py.warnings]警告：/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site packages/scrapy\u splash/request.py:41:scrapydeproductionwarnings：调用不推荐使用的函数来实现本机字符串。改为使用unicode。
url=to_native_str（url）
2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.spidermiddleware.offsite]调试：过滤到“www.greatschools.org”的异地请求：
2020-07-30 22:10:57[刮屑堆芯发动机]信息：关闭卡盘（已完成）
2020-07-30 22:10:57[斯拉比统计局]信息：倾销斯拉比统计局：
{'downloader/request_bytes'：505，
“下载程序/请求计数”：2，
“下载器/请求\方法\计数/获取”：2，
“downloader/response_字节”：45862，
“下载程序/响应计数”：2，
“下载程序/响应状态\计数/200”：2，
“已用时间”秒：0.609385，
“完成原因”：“完成”，
“完成时间”：datetime.datetime（2020,7,30,20,10,57926858），
“日志计数/调试”：3，
“日志计数/信息”：10，
“日志计数/警告”：1，
“memusage/max”：49856512，
“memusage/startup”：49856512，
“异地/域”：1，
“场外/过滤”：882，
“请求深度最大值”：1，
“响应\u已收到\u计数”：2，
“调度程序/出列”：2，
“调度程序/出列/内存”：2，
“调度程序/排队”：2，
“调度程序/排队/内存”：2，
“开始时间”：datetime.datetime（2020,7,30,20,10,57,317473）}
2020-07-30 22:10:57[刮屑堆芯发动机]信息：十字轴关闭（完成）

我认为问题在于，您执行的是普通的刮擦请求，而不是飞溅请求。我认为在这种情况下不能使用爬行器，因为您必须覆盖和解析方法。我会这样写：

from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest


class SchoolsSpider(Spider):
    name = 'schools'
    allowed_domains = ['greatschools.org']
    start_urls = [
        'https://www.greatschools.org/schools/districts/Connecticut/CT/',
        'https://www.greatschools.org/schools/districts/New_Jersey/NJ/'
    ]

    def parse(self, response):
        school_links = response.xpath(
            '//*[@class="city-district-link"]/a/@href'
        ).extract()
        for school_link in school_links:
            yield SplashRequest(response.urljoin(school_link),
                                callback=self.parse_page,
                                endpoint='render.html',
                                args={'wait': 0.5},
                                )

    def parse_page(self, response):
        school_data = dict()
        school_data['title'] = response.xpath('//h1/text()').get()
        if not school_data['title'] or 'School' not in school_data['title']:
            return
        school_data['address'], school_data['phone'], *_ = response.xpath(
            '//*[@class="content"]/text()').extract()
        school_count = response.xpath('//*[@class="school-count"]/text()')
        print(school_count)
        yield {label: value.strip() for label, value in school_data.items()}

日志中提到了这个问题：

2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.spidermiddleware.offsite]调试：过滤到“www.greatschools.org”的异地请求：2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.core.engine]信息：关闭spider（finished）2020-07-30 22:10:57[scrapy.statcollectors]信息：转储垃圾统计信息：

我不明白-它存在于“允许的\u域”中，因此不应将其过滤掉。我无法复制我这边的问题-也许您可以在请求中使用

dont\u filter=True

？