Python Django-在视图之间保持用户登录会话_Python_Django_Login_Views

Python Django-在视图之间保持用户登录会话

python django login

Python Django-在视图之间保持用户登录会话,python,django,login,views,Python,Django,Login,Views,我正在创建一个方法来登录用户。我构建了一个自定义表单和视图，让用户可以很好地登录。但是，当我重定向到新页面时，当前的request.user会自动恢复为匿名用户。我错过了什么视图中的log_登录良好，我甚至可以打印正确的request.user。然而，一旦它重定向到log_in_success页面，它只会说AnonymousUser已登录！为什么不在视图之间保留登录用户 def log_in(request): if request.method == 'POST':

我正在创建一个方法来登录用户。我构建了一个自定义表单和视图，让用户可以很好地登录。但是，当我重定向到新页面时，当前的request.user会自动恢复为匿名用户。我错过了什么

视图中的log_登录良好，我甚至可以打印正确的request.user。然而，一旦它重定向到log_in_success页面，它只会说AnonymousUser已登录！为什么不在视图之间保留登录用户

def log_in(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = LogIn(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            email = form.cleaned_data.get("email")
            password = form.cleaned_data.get("password")
            user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)
            login(request, user)
            print request.user.email
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/log_in_success/')
    else:
        form = LogIn()
    return render(request, 'events/log_in.html', {'form':form})

def log_in_success(request):
    return HttpResponse("%s has logged in!" % request.user)

settings.py：

"""
Django settings for NHS project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.8.3.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/
"""

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
import os

#AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'events.Student'
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ('events.backend.StudentBackend', )

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '=6b_2=!3s2hq3-nc@#rx6v=##u53xt!b=(#)c(2nk%&4qfpvy)'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'events',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'NHS.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'NHS.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'nhs',
        'USER': 'nhsadmin',
        'PASSWORD': '#cbwestnhs',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '',
    }
}


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

自定义身份验证后端：

from events.models import Student
from django.contrib.auth.hashers import check_password

class StudentBackend(object):

    def authenticate(self, email=None, password=None):
        stud = Student.objects.filter(email=email)
        if stud.exists():
            if check_password(password, stud[0].password):
                return stud[0]
        return None
    def get_user(self, email):
        stud = Student.objects.filter(email=email)
        if stud.exists():
            return stud[0]
        else:
            return None

forms.py：

from django import forms
from events.models import Student
from django.contrib.auth.hashers import check_password

class RegistrationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """
    Form for registering a new account.
    """
    password1 = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput,
                                label="Password")
    password2 = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput,
                                label="Password (again)")
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = ('firstname', 'lastname', 'email', 'password1', 'password2', 'is_second_year')

    def clean(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        email = self.cleaned_data.get("email")
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        if Student.objects.filter(email=email).exists():
            raise forms.ValidationError("This email has already been registered")
        return self.cleaned_data

    def save(self, commit=True):
        user = super(RegistrationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data['password1'])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user

class LogIn(forms.Form):
    email = forms.EmailField(label = "Email")
    password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput, label="Password")

    def clean(self):
        password = self.cleaned_data.get("password")
        email = self.cleaned_data.get("email")
        stud = Student.objects.filter(email=email)
        if (not (stud.exists())):
            raise forms.ValidationError("This email has not been registered")
        else:
            if check_password(password, stud[0].password):
                pass
            else:
                raise forms.ValidationError("Email and password combination do not match.")
        return self.cleaned_data

我会尝试重新排列

上下文处理器

，并将auth放在顶部。如果这不起作用，您可以发布您的自定义身份验证后端吗

设置。py:

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                # Put auth on top
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

from django.contrib import messages
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse

def log_in(request):
    form = LogIn(request.POST or None)

    if form.is_valid():
        email = form.cleaned_data['email']
        password = form.cleaned_data['password']
        user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)

        # May also help with your dilemma
        if user is not None:
            login(request, user)
            # Be sure to change this to the appropriate template name
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('template_name'))
        else:
            messages.warning(request, "Username or password is incorrect.")
    return render(request, 'events/log_in.html', {'form':form})

def log_in_success(request):
    # "{}".format(value) is a more reliable string substitution
    return HttpResponse("{} has logged in!".format(request.user))

此外，我将进行以下更改以稍微清理视图：

视图。py:

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                # Put auth on top
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

from django.contrib import messages
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse

def log_in(request):
    form = LogIn(request.POST or None)

    if form.is_valid():
        email = form.cleaned_data['email']
        password = form.cleaned_data['password']
        user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)

        # May also help with your dilemma
        if user is not None:
            login(request, user)
            # Be sure to change this to the appropriate template name
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('template_name'))
        else:
            messages.warning(request, "Username or password is incorrect.")
    return render(request, 'events/log_in.html', {'form':form})

def log_in_success(request):
    # "{}".format(value) is a more reliable string substitution
    return HttpResponse("{} has logged in!".format(request.user))

--编辑：

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                # Put auth on top
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

from django.contrib import messages
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse

def log_in(request):
    form = LogIn(request.POST or None)

    if form.is_valid():
        email = form.cleaned_data['email']
        password = form.cleaned_data['password']
        user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)

        # May also help with your dilemma
        if user is not None:
            login(request, user)
            # Be sure to change this to the appropriate template name
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('template_name'))
        else:
            messages.warning(request, "Username or password is incorrect.")
    return render(request, 'events/log_in.html', {'form':form})

def log_in_success(request):
    # "{}".format(value) is a more reliable string substitution
    return HttpResponse("{} has logged in!".format(request.user))

我会删除您的自定义后端，并覆盖表单上的函数。这将为你今后节省很多麻烦

class RegistrationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    password1 = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput(),
                                label="Password")
    password2 = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput(),
                                label="Password (again)")
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = ('firstname', 'lastname', 'email', 'password1', 'password2', 'is_second_year')

    def clean_password2(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        email = self.cleaned_data.get("email")
        if password1 and password2:
            if password1 != password2:
                raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        return password2

    def clean_email(self):
        email = self.cleaned_data["email"]
        if email and Student.objects.filter(email=email):
            raise forms.ValidationError("This email has already been registered")
        return email


class LogIn(forms.Form):
    email = forms.EmailField(label="Email")
    password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput(), label="Password")

您必须在settings.AUTHENTICATION\u BACKENDS列表中定义bakend：

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['my_app.student_backend.StudentBackend']

否则，

django.contrib.auth

中的

get\u user

方法包含以下行：

user = None
...
if backend_path in settings.AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS:
    backend = load_backend(backend_path)
    user = backend.get_user(user_id)
    ...
return user or AnonymousUser()

将返回

AnonymousUser（）

或者，您可以在调用

login

方法时设置后端（如果有多个身份验证后端）：

这会将此用户的给定后端保存到会话中。

不确定有多少代码与此问题相关，因此请告诉我您是否希望查看任何其他文件。您是否尝试打印身份验证方法后返回的

user

？如果用户：，您可能需要检查

，然后调用login方法来登录该用户。我打印了在初始登录页面上登录的用户，这是添加到您的中间件类设置中的正确的useris SessionMiddleware？是。。。“'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'”感谢您的想法。尝试了所有你建议的，没有任何效果：/。我发布了自定义身份验证后端。@drsom查看我的编辑。我强烈建议您在自定义后端上使用该方法。在你变得更高级之前，定制后端对于你想要完成的任务来说有点过分了。我不确定我是否遵循了你的编辑。为什么我要在登录表单中抛出“电子邮件已注册错误”？两个相互检查的密码是什么？登录只有一个。@drsom Oops，登录表单验证是我的错误。我只是改变了。疲劳终于来了。我不知道这是想干什么？当我使用自定义用户类型时，自定义后端对于我的登录是必需的。从登录表单中删除的clean方法对于显示登录错误是非常必要的。所有这些似乎都无法解决我最初的问题：为什么在视图之间不保留用户登录？