Python 在spacy中执行多类分类时出错

我正在尝试使用crowdflower文本分类进行多类分类。下面是我的代码：

from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from pathlib import Path

import pandas as pd
import spacy
from spacy.util import minibatch, compounding




def main(model=None, output_dir=None, n_iter=20):
    if model is not None:
        nlp = spacy.load(model)  # load existing spaCy model
        print("Loaded model '%s'" % model)
    else:
        nlp = spacy.blank('en')  # create blank Language class
        print("Created blank 'en' model")

    # add the text classifier to the pipeline if it doesn't exist
    # nlp.create_pipe works for built-ins that are registered with spaCy
    if 'textcat' not in nlp.pipe_names:
        textcat = nlp.create_pipe('textcat')
        nlp.add_pipe(textcat, last=True)
    # otherwise, get it, so we can add labels to it
    else:
        textcat = nlp.get_pipe('textcat')

    # add label to text classifier
    for i in ['neutral','worry','happiness','sadness','love','surprise','fun','relief','hate','enthusiasm','boredom','anger']:
        textcat.add_label(i)


    df = pd.read_csv('text_emotion.csv')
    df.drop(['tweet_id', 'author'], axis=1, inplace=True)
    df = df[df['sentiment'] != 'empty']
    train_data = list(zip(unicode(df['content']),
                          [{u'cats': unicode(cats)} for cats in df['sentiment']]))




    # get names of other pipes to disable them during training
    other_pipes = [pipe for pipe in nlp.pipe_names if pipe != 'textcat']
    with nlp.disable_pipes(*other_pipes):  # only train textcat
        optimizer = nlp.begin_training()
        print("Training the model...")
        print('{:^5}\t'.format('LOSS'))
        for i in range(n_iter):
            losses = {}
            # batch up the examples using spaCy's minibatch
            batches = minibatch(train_data, size=compounding(4., 32., 1.001))
            for batch in batches:
                texts, annotations = zip(*batch)
                # print('texts: '+str(texts))
                # print('annotations: '+str(annotations))
                nlp.update(texts, annotations, sgd=optimizer, drop=0.2,losses=losses)
            # with textcat.model.use_params(optimizer.averages):
                # evaluate on the dev data split off in load_data()

            print('{0:.3f}'  # print a simple table
                  .format(losses['textcat']))

    # test the trained model
    test_text = "This movie sucked"
    doc = nlp(test_text)
    print(test_text, doc.cats)

    if output_dir is not None:
        output_dir = Path(output_dir)
        if not output_dir.exists():
            output_dir.mkdir()
        nlp.to_disk(output_dir)
        print("Saved model to", output_dir)

        # test the saved model
        print("Loading from", output_dir)
        nlp2 = spacy.load(output_dir)
        doc2 = nlp2(test_text)
        print(test_text, doc2.cats)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
batch: [(u'1', {u'cats': u'sadness'}), (u' ', {u'cats': u'sadness'}), (u' ', {u'cats': u'enthusiasm'}), (u' ', {u'cats': u'neutral'})]
  File "/Users/loginofdeath/Documents/24Feb/emo_cat.py", line 91, in <module>
    main()
  File "/Users/loginofdeath/Document/24Feb/emo_cat.py", line 63, in main
    nlp.update(texts, annotations, sgd=optimizer, drop=0.2,losses=losses)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/spacy/language.py", line 399, in update
    gold = GoldParse(doc, **gold)
  File "gold.pyx", line 430, in spacy.gold.GoldParse.__init__
ValueError: dictionary update sequence element #0 has length 1; 2 is required

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
批次：[（u'1'，{u'cats:u'said'}，（u'，{u'cats:u'said'}，（u'，{u'cats:u'faciency'}，（u'，{u'cats:u'neutral'}）]
文件“/Users/loginofdeath/Documents/24Feb/emo_cat.py”，第91行，在
main（）
文件“/Users/loginofdeath/Document/24Feb/emo_cat.py”，主文件第63行
更新（文本、注释、sgd=优化器、drop=0.2、损失=损失）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site packages/spacy/language.py”，第399行，在更新中
黄金=黄金解析（文件，**黄金）
文件“gold.pyx”，第430行，在spacy.gold.GoldParse.\uu init中__
ValueError:字典更新序列元素#0的长度为1；2是必需的

我正在使用： Python版本：2.7.14

平台：Darwin-16.4.0-x86_64-i386-64位

spaCy版本：2.0.9

型号:en

---

有人能帮我吗？我对spacy中多类分类的方法正确吗？提前感谢。

此答案的全部功劳归于。 代码如下：

from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from pathlib import Path

import pandas as pd
import spacy
import copy
from spacy.util import minibatch, compounding
import re

def clean_string(mystring):
    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z\ 0-9 ]+', '', mystring)



def main(model=None, output_dir=None, n_iter=2):
    if model is not None:
        nlp = spacy.load(model)  # load existing spaCy model
        print("Loaded model '%s'" % model)
    else:
        nlp = spacy.blank('en')  # create blank Language class
        print("Created blank 'en' model")

    # add the text classifier to the pipeline if it doesn't exist
    # nlp.create_pipe works for built-ins that are registered with spaCy
    if 'textcat' not in nlp.pipe_names:
        textcat = nlp.create_pipe('textcat')
        nlp.add_pipe(textcat, last=True)
    # otherwise, get it, so we can add labels to it
    else:
        textcat = nlp.get_pipe('textcat')

    # add label to text classifier
    for i in ['neutral','worry','happiness','sadness','love','surprise','fun','relief','hate','enthusiasm','boredom','anger']:
        textcat.add_label(i)


    df = pd.read_csv('text_emotion.csv')
    df.drop(['tweet_id', 'author'], axis=1, inplace=True)
    df = df[df['sentiment'] != 'empty']

    sentiment_values = df['sentiment'].unique()
    labels_default = dict((v, 0) for v in sentiment_values)

    train_data = []
    for i, row in df.iterrows():

        label_values = copy.deepcopy(labels_default)
        label_values[row['sentiment']] = 1

        train_data.append((unicode(clean_string(row['content'])), {"cats": label_values}))

    train_data = train_data[:5000]

    # get names of other pipes to disable them during training
    other_pipes = [pipe for pipe in nlp.pipe_names if pipe != 'textcat']
    with nlp.disable_pipes(*other_pipes):  # only train textcat
        optimizer = nlp.begin_training()
        print("Training the model...")
        print('{:^5}\t'.format('LOSS'))
        for i in range(n_iter):
            losses = {}
            # batch up the examples using spaCy's minibatch
            batches = minibatch(train_data, size=compounding(4., 32., 1.001))
            for batch in batches:
                texts, annotations = zip(*batch)
                # print('texts: '+str(texts))
                # print('annotations: '+str(annotations))
                nlp.update(texts, annotations, sgd=optimizer, drop=0.2,losses=losses)
            # with textcat.model.use_params(optimizer.averages):
                # evaluate on the dev data split off in load_data()

            print('{0:.3f}'  # print a simple table
                  .format(losses['textcat']))

    # test the trained model
    test_text = "This movie sucked"
    doc = nlp(test_text)
    print(test_text, sorted(doc.cats.items(), key=lambda val: val[1], reverse=True))

    if output_dir is not None:
        output_dir = Path(output_dir)
        if not output_dir.exists():
            output_dir.mkdir()
        nlp.to_disk(output_dir)
        print("Saved model to", output_dir)

        # test the saved model
        print("Loading from", output_dir)
        nlp2 = spacy.load(output_dir)
        doc2 = nlp2(test_text)
        print(test_text, doc2.cats)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

请注意，在代码中我们只训练5000个数据点的训练数据。我希望这将澄清spaCy中有关多类分类的大多数查询