PythonTkinter，按钮列表
我在将按钮对象放入列表时遇到了一个问题。PythonTkinter，按钮列表,python,list,button,tkinter,Python,List,Button,Tkinter,我在将按钮对象放入列表时遇到了一个问题。 我不确定我想实现的目标是否真的能实现，但事实就是如此 工作样本： from tkinter import * class Main(Frame): def __init__(self, master = None): Frame.__init__(self, master) self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True) # General purpose var
我不确定我想实现的目标是否真的能实现，但事实就是如此 工作样本：
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_A)
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_B)
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_C)
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_D)
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton_A(self):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-repeated for all similar methods.'''
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
def selectButton_B(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_B_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
def selectButton_C(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_C_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
def selectButton_D(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_D_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''this pretty much resets all buttons and controll booleans
to their default state'''
#A
self.button_A.config(bg = 'white') # paint button white
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean reset
#B
self.button_B.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
#C
self.button_C.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
#D
self.button_D.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(0)) # apparently this doesn't work...
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(1))
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(2))
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(3))
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton(self, i = None):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-do that only on objects
at [i]. 'i' is given from the button command'''
global buttons, btn_bools
buttons = [self.button_A, self.button_B,
self.button_C, self.button_D] # list buttons. # Raises error. It seems that Button objects cannot be listed
btn_bools = [self.isButton_A_Selected, self.isButton_B_Selected,
self.isButton_C_Selected, self.isButton_D_Selected] # list contoll booleans
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''iterate through all buttons/controll booleans
and reset to their default state'''
for b in range(len(buttons)):
buttons[b].config(bg = 'white')
for bb in range(len(btn_bools)):
btn_bools[bb] = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
所以我得想办法把它缩短。。我需要一个控制所有这些操作的函数
因为它们是相似的 我想到了这个 非工作样本：
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_A)
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_B)
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_C)
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_D)
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton_A(self):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-repeated for all similar methods.'''
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
def selectButton_B(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_B_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
def selectButton_C(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_C_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
def selectButton_D(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_D_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''this pretty much resets all buttons and controll booleans
to their default state'''
#A
self.button_A.config(bg = 'white') # paint button white
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean reset
#B
self.button_B.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
#C
self.button_C.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
#D
self.button_D.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(0)) # apparently this doesn't work...
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(1))
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(2))
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(3))
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton(self, i = None):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-do that only on objects
at [i]. 'i' is given from the button command'''
global buttons, btn_bools
buttons = [self.button_A, self.button_B,
self.button_C, self.button_D] # list buttons. # Raises error. It seems that Button objects cannot be listed
btn_bools = [self.isButton_A_Selected, self.isButton_B_Selected,
self.isButton_C_Selected, self.isButton_D_Selected] # list contoll booleans
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''iterate through all buttons/controll booleans
and reset to their default state'''
for b in range(len(buttons)):
buttons[b].config(bg = 'white')
for bb in range(len(btn_bools)):
btn_bools[bb] = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
它工作得很好 从错误报告中，我了解到，如果不是不可能的话，列出按钮也不是一个好主意 我在谷歌上搜索了很多例子或类似的问题，但我没有
得到任何好的结果 我还搜索了Python和
我弄糊涂了。我想看看是否可以保存一个指向
但我认为结果是一样的。。列表将其对象读取为按钮和
引起错误 因此，我的问题是：
1.这能做到吗？（显著缩短第一个代码示例。）
2.关于列出按钮或小部件的一般情况：如果可以，如何完成？如果没有，原因是什么？
3.在第二个代码示例中，我需要我的按钮命令来包含'i'参数
这是我的职能所需要的。这个怎么打？似乎仅仅添加（i）是不起作用的
提前谢谢 看看这行代码：
self.button_A = Button(..., command = self.selectButton(0))
self.selectButton（0）self.selectButton（0）命令self.button_A = Button(..., command = lambda: self.selectButton(0))
self.selectButtonself.buttons = [self.button_A, self.button_B, self.button_C, self.button_D]
哦，我明白了。。所以问题是Python试图在定义按钮之前执行函数。我还没有用过lambdas，所以我想是时候开始阅读了！谢谢！它现在工作得很好！