Python 使用自由变量时是否创建名称空间？

语句

print（dir（））

的输出是一个空列表

[]

。是否创建了本地名称空间，但没有包含任何名称，或者根本没有创建？

在您的情况下，

x

是全局名称空间的一部分，您可以通过

x = 2
def my_func():
    print(x)
    print(dir())

my_func()

打印（locals（））

输出

以及

打印（globals（））

输出

{code>{code>{name}uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu

在globals dict中，您可以看到打印在

my_func

范围中的

'x'：2

---

x

值不是在函数中创建的，它只是从全局范围创建的。

如果在

dir（）中传递任何参数，例如：

{'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x004FC230>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__file__': 'C:/Users/leeron.arad/Documents/test-proj/venv/t.py', '__cached__': None, 'x': 2, 'my_func': <function my_func at 0x0058E978>}

运行此文件，您可能会得到如下答案：

x = 2
def my_func():
    print(x)
    print(dir(1))

my_func()

它是由创建的，因为函数中没有局部变量。@Tom Karzes ThanksI认为它没有回答我的问题：“是否创建了局部名称空间，但没有包含任何名称，或者根本没有创建？”任何函数都有一个本地名称空间locals dict。当你定义参数/变量时，它们添加到这个dict函数中不能没有它。现在你给出了答案。
{'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x004FC230>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__file__': 'C:/Users/leeron.arad/Documents/test-proj/venv/t.py', '__cached__': None, 'x': 2, 'my_func': <function my_func at 0x0058E978>}

x = 2
def my_func():
    print(x)
    print(dir(1))

my_func()

2
['__abs__', '__add__', '__and__', '__bool__', '__ceil__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__divmod__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__float__', '__floor__', '__floordiv__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getnewargs__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__index__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__int__', '__invert__', '__le__', '__lshift__', '__lt__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__neg__', '__new__', '__or__', '__pos__', '__pow__', '__radd__', '__rand__', '__rdivmod__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rfloordiv__', '__rlshift__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__ror__', '__round__', '__rpow__', '__rrshift__', '__rshift__', '__rsub__', '__rtruediv__', '__rxor__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasshook__', '__truediv__', '__trunc__', '__xor__', 'as_integer_ratio', 'bit_length', 'conjugate', 'denominator', 'from_bytes', 'imag', 'numerator', 'real', 'to_bytes']