Python 如何在Django测试中模拟函数内部使用的API请求？

我有一个这样构建的小实用程序函数，用于从另一个应用程序API获取数据：

# app/utils.py

import json

import requests
from django.conf import settings

def get_future_assignments(user_id):
    """gets a users future assignments list from the API

    Arguments:
        user_id {int} -- user_id for a User
    """
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0",
        "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
        "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
    }
    api_app = settings.ASSIGNMENTS_API_ROOT_URL # http://project.org/appname/
    api_model = "futureassignments/"
    api_query = "?user_id=" + str(user_id)
    json_response = requests.get(
        api_app + api_model + api_query, headers=headers, verify=False
    )
    return json.loads(json_response.content)

它基本上构建API调用并返回响应数据——我想对此进行测试

# tests/test_utils.py

import mock
from unittest.mock import patch, Mock
from django.test import TestCase

from app.utils import get_future_assignments

class UtilsTest(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.futureassignments = [
            {
                "id": 342,
                "user_id": 18888,
                "job": 361,
                "location": "1234",
                "building": "Building One",
                "confirmed_at": None,
                "returning": None,
                "signature": None,
            },
            {
                "id": 342,
                "user_id": 18888,
                "job": 361,
                "location": "1235",
                "building": "Building Two",
                "confirmed_at": None,
                "returning": None,
                "signature": None,
            },
        ]

    @patch("app.utils.get_future_assignments")
    def test_get_future_assignments_with_multi_assignments(self, mock_gfa):
        """
        Test for getting future assignments for a user with mocked API
        """
        mock_gfa.return_value = Mock()
        # set the json response to what we're expecting
        mock_gfa.return_value.json.return_value = self.futureassignments
        assignments = get_future_assignments(18888)
        self.assertEqual(len(assignments), 2)

它不断给我一个错误，它无法到达API以获得响应（这是目前所期望的-因为我在本地运行它，它无法到达API）

我对使用Mock还不熟悉，所以也许我在这里有点太离谱了

---

有什么想法吗？

像你一样，我也不熟悉使用

mock

。我相信它的目的是这样：

    @patch("requests.get")
    def test_get_future_assignments_with_multi_assignments(self, mock_requests_get):
        """
        Test for getting future assignments for a user with mocked API
        """
        mock_requests_get.return_value = json.dumps(self.futureassignments)
        assignments = get_future_assignments(18888)
        self.assertEqual(len(assignments), 2)

---

如果我错了，请纠正我

因为您想要模拟API响应，所以应该修补

requests.get

函数，而不是您自己想要测试的函数。目前这个测试有点愚蠢（即使您模拟了请求）。因为您正在测试不使用的设置头和内置json解析模拟响应的能力。那么Melvyn-您将如何更改它？持批评态度，不提供任何方法来帮助改善局面或使事情变得更好是。。。没用，谢谢！