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如何使用pip和PyPI安装Python模块单个文件？

python module

如何使用pip和PyPI安装Python模块单个文件？,python,module,setup.py,pypi,Python,Module,Setup.py,Pypi,我试图学习如何通过PyPI上的pip使Python模块可用。为了做到这一点，我正在使用PyPI测试站点（）进行测试，并尝试为模块创建setup.py。我的模块是根目录下的文件，无法成功安装。我想知道怎么做 下面，我将详细介绍我正在采取的步骤。我怀疑问题在于如何编写setup.py 存储库的结构如下所示： . ├── examples_1.py ├── LICENSE ├── MANIFEST.in ├── README.rst ├── setup.py └── supermodule.py #

我试图学习如何通过PyPI上的pip使Python模块可用。为了做到这一点，我正在使用PyPI测试站点（）进行测试，并尝试为模块创建
setup.py
。我的模块是根目录下的文件，无法成功安装。我想知道怎么做

下面，我将详细介绍我正在采取的步骤。我怀疑问题在于如何编写
setup.py

存储库的结构如下所示：

.
├── examples_1.py
├── LICENSE
├── MANIFEST.in
├── README.rst
├── setup.py
└── supermodule.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import setuptools

def read(*paths):

    with open(os.path.join(*paths), "r") as filename:
        return filename.read()

def main():

    setuptools.setup(
        name             = "supermodule",
        version          = "2015.10.30.0820",
        description      = "super utilities",
        long_description = (read("README.rst")),
        url              = "https://github.com/johndrake1/junk",
        author           = "John Drake",
        author_email     = "j.drake@sern.ch",
        license          = "GPLv3",
        package_data     = {
            "": [
                "*.txt",
                "*.md",
                "*.rst",
                "*.py"
            ]
        }
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
请注意，模块只是目录根目录下的文件
supermodule.py
。还要注意，模块包的安装中不包括文件
examples_1.py

setup.py
的内容如下：

.
├── examples_1.py
├── LICENSE
├── MANIFEST.in
├── README.rst
├── setup.py
└── supermodule.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import setuptools

def read(*paths):

    with open(os.path.join(*paths), "r") as filename:
        return filename.read()

def main():

    setuptools.setup(
        name             = "supermodule",
        version          = "2015.10.30.0820",
        description      = "super utilities",
        long_description = (read("README.rst")),
        url              = "https://github.com/johndrake1/junk",
        author           = "John Drake",
        author_email     = "j.drake@sern.ch",
        license          = "GPLv3",
        package_data     = {
            "": [
                "*.txt",
                "*.md",
                "*.rst",
                "*.py"
            ]
        }
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
我通过以下步骤注册、上载和安装软件包：

python setup.py register -r https://testpypi.python.org/pypi
python setup.py sdist upload -r https://testpypi.python.org/pypi
sudo pip install -i https://testpypi.python.org/pypi supermodule
在源代码发行版中，
supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.tar.gz
，我可以看到以下目录结构：

.
└── supermodule-2015.10.30.0820
    ├── LICENSE
    ├── MANIFEST.in
    ├── PKG-INFO
    ├── README.rst
    ├── setup.cfg
    ├── setup.py
    ├── supermodule.egg-info
    │   ├── dependency_links.txt
    │   ├── PKG-INFO
    │   ├── SOURCES.txt
    │   └── top_level.txt
    └── supermodule.py

.
├── example.py
├── LICENSE
├── README.md
└── setup.py

0 directories, 4 files
因此，打包和上载工作正常，并且包含根目录下的模块文件
supermodule.py
。但是，当我安装软件包时，我会在本地安装以下文件：

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/top_level.txt

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule/__init__.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule/__init__.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/top_level.txt

/usr/local/bin/supermodule
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/entry_points.txt
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/top_level.txt
您可以看到文件
supermodule.py
不在那里，无法在Python实例中导入。我应该怎么做才能在安装中包含这个文件，使它在Python中可以导入

编辑：根据@DeanFenster的建议，我将文件
supermodule.py
移动到
supermodule/\uuuu init\uuuu.py
，并将
setup.py
更改为以下内容：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import setuptools

def read(*paths):
    with open(os.path.join(*paths), "r") as filename:
        return filename.read()

def main():

    setuptools.setup(
        name             = "supermodule",
        version          = "2015.10.30.0902",
        description      = "super utilities",
        long_description = (read("README.rst")),
        url              = "https://github.com/johndrake1/junk",
        author           = "John Drake",
        author_email     = "j.drake@sern.ch",
        license          = "GPLv3",
        packages         = ["supermodule"]
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import setuptools

def read(*paths):
    with open(os.path.join(*paths), "r") as filename:
        return filename.read()

def main():

    setuptools.setup(
        name             = "supermodule",
        version          = "2015.10.30.1001",
        description      = "super utilities",
        long_description = (read("README.rst")),
        url              = "https://github.com/johndrake1/junk",
        author           = "John Drake",
        author_email     = "j.drake@sern.ch",
        license          = "GPLv3",
        py_modules       = ["supermodule"],
        entry_points     = """
            [console_scripts]
            supermodule = supermodule:supermodule
        """
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
在注册、上载和安装之后，这导致了模块可导入的安装，并在本地安装了以下文件：

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/top_level.txt

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule/__init__.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule/__init__.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/top_level.txt

/usr/local/bin/supermodule
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/entry_points.txt
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/top_level.txt
这种方法很有效，但我仍然想知道当模块以单个文件的形式存在时如何安装它

编辑：根据@Xk0nSid的建议，我将
setup.py
更改为以下内容：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import setuptools

def read(*paths):
    with open(os.path.join(*paths), "r") as filename:
        return filename.read()

def main():

    setuptools.setup(
        name             = "supermodule",
        version          = "2015.10.30.0902",
        description      = "super utilities",
        long_description = (read("README.rst")),
        url              = "https://github.com/johndrake1/junk",
        author           = "John Drake",
        author_email     = "j.drake@sern.ch",
        license          = "GPLv3",
        packages         = ["supermodule"]
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import setuptools

def read(*paths):
    with open(os.path.join(*paths), "r") as filename:
        return filename.read()

def main():

    setuptools.setup(
        name             = "supermodule",
        version          = "2015.10.30.1001",
        description      = "super utilities",
        long_description = (read("README.rst")),
        url              = "https://github.com/johndrake1/junk",
        author           = "John Drake",
        author_email     = "j.drake@sern.ch",
        license          = "GPLv3",
        py_modules       = ["supermodule"],
        entry_points     = """
            [console_scripts]
            supermodule = supermodule:supermodule
        """
    )

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
在注册、上载和安装之后，这导致了模块可导入的安装，并在本地安装了以下文件：

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0820.dist-info/top_level.txt

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule/__init__.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule/__init__.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.0902.dist-info/top_level.txt

/usr/local/bin/supermodule
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/entry_points.txt
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supermodule-2015.10.30.1001.dist-info/top_level.txt
这种方法成功地处理了模块的单个文件形式。

尝试对单个文件使用类似的方法。目录结构如下：

.
└── supermodule-2015.10.30.0820
    ├── LICENSE
    ├── MANIFEST.in
    ├── PKG-INFO
    ├── README.rst
    ├── setup.cfg
    ├── setup.py
    ├── supermodule.egg-info
    │   ├── dependency_links.txt
    │   ├── PKG-INFO
    │   ├── SOURCES.txt
    │   └── top_level.txt
    └── supermodule.py

.
├── example.py
├── LICENSE
├── README.md
└── setup.py

0 directories, 4 files
setup.py 以上这些对我很有用。这就是示例文件的外观

def example():
    # Note: You can use sys.argv here
    print "Hi! I'm a command written in python."
也可以这样导入：

import example
example.example()
# or
from example import example
example()
希望这有帮助

安装需要 
install\u requires
用于定义模块/应用程序的
依赖项。例如，在本例中，
示例
模块依赖于
exampledep
。因此，当有人安装了
pip-install-example
，那么pip也会安装
exampledep
，因为它列在依赖项中

入口点

这通常是包的最终用户可能想要使用的可调用的。这通常是可调用的，用于命令行。您可以查看问题或文档以了解更多详细信息。
该模块是否存在于
站点\u packages
目录中？@DeanFenster-Hey，谢谢您的评论。不，模块在安装后的目录
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages
中不存在。我的问题中列出的目录是唯一一个似乎存在
supermodule
的目录。尝试将脚本放入包中如何？（包含项目名称和
\uuuu init\uuuuu
文件中的代码的文件夹）@DeanFenster感谢您的建议。我刚刚尝试了你的方法，并在编辑问题时添加了方法的细节。通过这种方法，包可以成功安装，并且可以在Python中导入。所以，很高兴知道这是可行的。我仍然想知道当模块以单个文件的形式存在时如何安装它。太好了，谢谢你在这方面的帮助。这似乎是成功的。您是否可以在选项
install\u requires
和
entry\u points
上添加一些小细节？我对这个很陌生。当然我已经用一些解释更新了答案，并提供了一些参考链接。谢谢，这一行对我有很大的帮助