Python 我得到了；“连接拒绝错误”；当我尝试列出FTP服务器时

我有一个连接到FTP服务器的简单脚本：

from ftplib import FTP

# Here is fine
ftp = FTP(host='')
ftp.login(user='', passwd='')
ftp.cwd('/test/')

# Here I got the error
ftp.nlst()

Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 0
Status: Connecting to XX.XXX.XXX.XXX:21...
Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message...
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 2
Command:    AUTH TLS
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   530 Please login with USER and PASS.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 3
Command:    AUTH SSL
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   530 Please login with USER and PASS.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 3
Status: Insecure server, it does not support FTP over TLS.
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 5
Command:    USER xxxxxx
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   331 Please specify the password.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 5
Command:    PASS ************
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   230 Login successful.
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 6
Command:    SYST
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   215 UNIX Type: L8
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 6
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 7
Command:    FEAT
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   211-Features:
Response:    EPRT
Response:    EPSV
Response:    MDTM
Response:    PASV
Response:    REST STREAM
Response:    SIZE
Response:    TVFS
Response:   211 End
Trace:  CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Status: Server does not support non-ASCII characters.
Status: Logged in
Trace:  Measured latency of 40 ms
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Retrieving directory listing...
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 1
Command:    PWD
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   257 "/" is the current directory
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 2
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 1
Command:    TYPE I
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   200 Switching to Binary mode.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 2
Command:    PASV
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,195,59).
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
Trace:    Reply: 0.0.0.0, peer: XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 4
Trace:  Binding data connection source IP to control connection source IP XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Command:    LIST
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnConnect
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   150 Here comes the directory listing.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 5
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnReceive(), m_transferMode=0
Trace:  CTransferSocket::TransferEnd(1)
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::TransferEnd()
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   226 Directory send OK.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 3
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Directory listing of "/" successful
Trace:  CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Retrieving directory listing of "/test"...
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 0
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 4
Command:    CWD files
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   250 Directory successfully changed.
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 5
Command:    PWD
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   257 "/test" is the current directory
Trace:  CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 1
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 2
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 2
Command:    PASV
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,167,55).
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
Trace:    Reply: 0.0.0.0, peer: XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 4
Trace:  Binding data connection source IP to control connection source IP XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Command:    LIST
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnConnect
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   150 Here comes the directory listing.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace:  CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 5
Trace:  CTransferSocket::OnClose(0)
Trace:  CTransferSocket::TransferEnd(1)
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::TransferEnd()
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response:   226 Directory send OK.
Trace:  CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace:  CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 3
Trace:  CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace:  CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Directory listing of "/test" successful
Trace:  CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)

连接很好，每次我尝试使用命令列出FTP目录时都会发生错误，例如nlst、dir甚至retrline（'list'）：

230 Login successful.
250 Directory successfully changed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "scripts/test.py", line 6, in <module>
    print(a.nlst())
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 558, in nlst
    self.retrlines(cmd, files.append)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 467, in retrlines
    with self.transfercmd(cmd) as conn, \
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 398, in transfercmd
    return self.ntransfercmd(cmd, rest)[0]
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 360, in ntransfercmd
    source_address=self.source_address)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 712, in create_connection
    raise err
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 703, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused

只是提醒一下，代码在另一台机器上运行良好，只有在我尝试列出FTP中的任何目录时，Debian才会出现问题

谢谢

命令：PASV
响应：227进入被动模式（0,0,0,0195,59）。
状态：服务器发送了带有不可终止地址的被动回复。改为使用服务器地址。

您的FTP服务器配置错误。或者更确切地说，遭受了中描述的vsftpd错误

虽然FileZilla可以试探性地解决这个问题，但许多其他FTP客户机和库将（理所当然地）失败

我无法想象你的代码如何在“其他机器”上工作。除非他们和FTP服务器网络之间的防火墙/NAT修复了

227

响应（不太可能）。如果您想进一步调查（可能不值得），我们需要您程序FTP会话的日志文件（例如，使用服务器端日志的Wireshark）。

命令：PASV
响应：227进入被动模式（0,0,0,0195,59）。
状态：服务器发送了带有不可终止地址的被动回复。改为使用服务器地址。

您的FTP服务器配置错误。或者更确切地说，遭受了中描述的vsftpd错误

虽然FileZilla可以试探性地解决这个问题，但许多其他FTP客户机和库将（理所当然地）失败

我无法想象你的代码如何在“其他机器”上工作。除非他们和FTP服务器网络之间的防火墙/NAT修复了

227

响应（不太可能）。如果您想进一步调查（可能不值得），我们需要您程序FTP会话的日志文件（例如，使用服务器端日志的Wireshark）