Python 如何正确构造PyQt GUI并在传递ui时调用函数？

我对python非常陌生，尤其是pyqt4，但我想正确地学习它

因此，我想在三个不同的文件中构建我的新学习项目。 一个main.py文件，我在其中调用所有内容。一个是由QDesigner生成的UI文件（Main_UI.py）和一个Main_Functions.py文件创建的，我想在其中保留所有函数

因此，我的第一个问题是，这是一种“好的编程风格”，还是我应该用另一种方式

在实现我的想法的过程中，我被困在调用函数的过程中。控制台说“TypeError:connect（）插槽参数应该是可调用的或信号，而不是‘NoneType’”

你能帮帮我，告诉我我做错了什么吗？因为我现在几乎整天都在谷歌上搜索，找不到合适的东西，或者我不明白。这将是非常棒的，并将帮助我学习如何正确操作：）

非常感谢：）

以下是我到目前为止的示例代码：

Main.py

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
from Main_Ui import Ui_MainWindow
import Main_Functions as f


class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)

        self.ui.btn1.clicked.connect(f.download(self.ui))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    myapp = MainWindow()
    myapp.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

def download(window):
    window.completed = 0
    while window.completed < 100:
        window.completed += 0.0001
        window.progress.setValue(window.completed)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'Main.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.11.4
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

try:
    _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
    def _fromUtf8(s):
        return s

try:
    _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.resize(1000, 848)
        self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralwidget"))
        self.gridLayoutWidget = QtGui.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 150, 2, 2))
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("gridLayoutWidget"))
        self.gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.gridLayout.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("gridLayout"))
        self.tableWidget = QtGui.QTableWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.tableWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 120, 256, 192))
        self.tableWidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("tableWidget"))
        self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(1)
        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(1)
        item = QtGui.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setVerticalHeaderItem(0, item)
        item = QtGui.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, item)
        self.progress = QtGui.QProgressBar(self.centralwidget)
        self.progress.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 550, 118, 23))
        self.progress.setProperty("value", 24)
        self.progress.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("progress"))
        self.btn1 = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.btn1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 200, 75, 23))
        self.btn1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("btn1"))
        self.lbl1 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.lbl1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 200, 46, 13))
        self.lbl1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lbl1"))
        self.txt1 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.txt1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(330, 160, 113, 20))
        self.txt1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("txt1"))
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtGui.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 1000, 21))
        self.menubar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menubar"))
        self.menuDatei = QtGui.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menuDatei.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menuDatei"))
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusbar"))
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.actionSchlie_en = QtGui.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionSchlie_en.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("actionSchlie_en"))
        self.menuDatei.addAction(self.actionSchlie_en)
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menuDatei.menuAction())

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", None))
        item = self.tableWidget.verticalHeaderItem(0)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "T", None))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(0)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "1", None))
        self.btn1.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", None))
        self.lbl1.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel", None))
        self.menuDatei.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Datei", None))
        self.actionSchlie_en.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Schließen", None))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

主要功能.py

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
from Main_Ui import Ui_MainWindow
import Main_Functions as f


class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)

        self.ui.btn1.clicked.connect(f.download(self.ui))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    myapp = MainWindow()
    myapp.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

def download(window):
    window.completed = 0
    while window.completed < 100:
        window.completed += 0.0001
        window.progress.setValue(window.completed)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'Main.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.11.4
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

try:
    _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
    def _fromUtf8(s):
        return s

try:
    _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.resize(1000, 848)
        self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralwidget"))
        self.gridLayoutWidget = QtGui.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 150, 2, 2))
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("gridLayoutWidget"))
        self.gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.gridLayout.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("gridLayout"))
        self.tableWidget = QtGui.QTableWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.tableWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 120, 256, 192))
        self.tableWidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("tableWidget"))
        self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(1)
        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(1)
        item = QtGui.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setVerticalHeaderItem(0, item)
        item = QtGui.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, item)
        self.progress = QtGui.QProgressBar(self.centralwidget)
        self.progress.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 550, 118, 23))
        self.progress.setProperty("value", 24)
        self.progress.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("progress"))
        self.btn1 = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.btn1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(490, 200, 75, 23))
        self.btn1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("btn1"))
        self.lbl1 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.lbl1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 200, 46, 13))
        self.lbl1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lbl1"))
        self.txt1 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.txt1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(330, 160, 113, 20))
        self.txt1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("txt1"))
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtGui.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 1000, 21))
        self.menubar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menubar"))
        self.menuDatei = QtGui.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menuDatei.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menuDatei"))
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusbar"))
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.actionSchlie_en = QtGui.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionSchlie_en.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("actionSchlie_en"))
        self.menuDatei.addAction(self.actionSchlie_en)
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menuDatei.menuAction())

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", None))
        item = self.tableWidget.verticalHeaderItem(0)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "T", None))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(0)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "1", None))
        self.btn1.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", None))
        self.lbl1.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel", None))
        self.menuDatei.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Datei", None))
        self.actionSchlie_en.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Schließen", None))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

---

问题是你的连接

self.ui.btn1.clicked.connect(f.download(self.ui))

您需要将回调传递给connect函数。在这里，您实际上是在调用下载函数（返回

None

）并将结果传递给

connect

你需要这样做

self.ui.btn1.clicked.connect(lambda: f.download(self.ui))

---

将非gui业务逻辑分离为单独的模块通常是有意义的。这允许它们在其他模块和GUI中重复使用。然而，在您的例子中，您正在GUI类之外的代码中执行GUI修改。这通常不是一个很好的设计，最好在

主窗口
类中定义这些函数。
哇，我没想到会那么容易。非常感谢你。你能告诉他我怎样把一个函数连接到一个返回值的按钮上吗？谢谢你的建议，这可能是我给你提供的一个坏例子，我不确定我是否理解你的要求。也许只是接受这个问题，然后用按钮问题问另一个问题。提供代码也会有所帮助。