Python 更紧凑的ElementTree或lxml名称空间

当子元素作为父元素位于不同的命名空间中时，我试图在ElementTree或lxml中获得命名空间的紧凑表示。以下是一个基本示例：

from lxml import etree

country = etree.Element("country")

name = etree.SubElement(country, "{urn:test}name")
name.text = "Canada"
population = etree.SubElement(country, "{urn:test}population")
population.text = "34M"
etree.register_namespace('tst', 'urn:test')

print( etree.tostring(country, pretty_print=True) )

我也尝试过这种方法：

ns = {"test" : "urn:test"}

country = etree.Element("country", nsmap=ns)

name = etree.SubElement(country, "{test}name")
name.text = "Canada"
population = etree.SubElement(country, "{test}population")
population.text = "34M"

print( etree.tostring(country, pretty_print=True) )

在这两种情况下，我都得到了如下结果：

<country>
    <ns0:name xmlns:ns0="urn:test">Canada</ns0:name>
    <ns1:population xmlns:ns1="urn:test">34M</ns1:population>
</country>

然后我得到以下输出：

<ns0:country xmlns:ns0="urn:test">
    <ns0:name>Canada</ns0:name>
    <ns0:population>34M</ns0:population>
</ns0:country>

加拿大
34米

但我真正想要的是：

<country xmlns:ns0="urn:test">
    <ns0:name>Canada</ns0:name>
    <ns0:population>34M</ns0:population>
<country>

加拿大
34米

有什么想法吗？

此代码：

从lxml导入etree
ns={“ns0”：“urn:test”}
country=etree.Element（“国家”，nsmap=ns）
name=etree.SubElement（国家，{urn:test}name”）
name.text=“加拿大”
population=etree.SubElement（国家，{urn:test}population”）
population.text=“34M”
打印（etree.tostring（国家，pretty\u print=True））

似乎提供了所需的输出：

加拿大
34米

但是您仍然需要自己维护

nsmap

from xml.etree import cElementTree as ET
##ET.register_namespace('tst', 'urn:test')
country = ET.Element("country")
name = ET.SubElement(country, "{urn:test}name")
name.text = "Canada"
population = ET.SubElement(country, "{urn:test}population")
population.text = "34M"
print prettify(country)

上面将给出（不注册任何名称空间）：

加拿大
34米

并且，当我删除注释部分时，它将给出：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<country xmlns:tst="urn:test">
  <tst:name>Canada</tst:name>
  <tst:population>34M</tst:population>
</country>

加拿大
34米

注意：

美化

功能不可用

元素的全名包含

{namespace url}elementName

，而不是

{prefix}elementName

>>> from lxml import etree as ET
>>> r = ET.Element('root', nsmap={'tst': 'urn:test'})
>>> ET.SubElement(r, "{urn:test}child")
<Element {urn:test}child at 0x2592a80>
>>> ET.tostring(r)
'<root xmlns:tst="urn:test"><tst:child/></root>'

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<country xmlns:tst="urn:test">
  <tst:name>Canada</tst:name>
  <tst:population>34M</tst:population>
</country>

>>> from lxml import etree as ET
>>> r = ET.Element('root', nsmap={'tst': 'urn:test'})
>>> ET.SubElement(r, "{urn:test}child")
<Element {urn:test}child at 0x2592a80>
>>> ET.tostring(r)
'<root xmlns:tst="urn:test"><tst:child/></root>'

>>> r = ET.Element('{urn:test}root', nsmap={None: 'urn:test'})
>>> ET.SubElement(r, "{urn:test}child")
<Element {urn:test}child at 0x2592b20>
>>> ET.SubElement(r, "{urn:test}child")
<Element {urn:test}child at 0x25928f0>
>>> ET.tostring(r)
'<root xmlns="urn:test"><child/><child/></root>'