Python 如何编写文件作为我的打印？

我用Python3和bs4编写了一个程序，成功地获得了Wikipedia的子类别。现在，我可以看到打印结果，但我无法将结果写入文件

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import csv

url = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:proprietary software'
content = requests.get(url).content
soup = BeautifulSoup(content,'lxml')
noOFsubcategories = soup.find('p')
print('------------------------------------------------------------------') 
print(noOFsubcategories.text+'------------------------------------------------------------------')
tag = soup.find('div', {'class' : 'mw-category'})
links = tag.findAll('a')
#print(links)

counter = 1
for link in links:
    print ( str(counter) + "  " + link.text)
    counter = counter + 1

with open('subcategories.csv', 'a') as f:
    f.write(links)

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首先，使用索引和链接文本初始化列表列表，然后使用来写入csv文件。注意下面的用法：

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此外，您还可以通过使用一个：

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我正在执行的完整代码：

import csv

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests


url = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:proprietary software'
content = requests.get(url).content
soup = BeautifulSoup(content, 'lxml')
noOFsubcategories = soup.find('p')

tag = soup.find('div', {'class': 'mw-category'})

links = [[index, a.get_text()] for index, a in enumerate(tag.find_all('a'), start=1)]

with open('subcategories.csv', 'a') as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    writer.writerows(links)

运行此代码后，

subcategories.csv

的内容将是：

1,Formerly free software
2,Formerly proprietary software
3,Freeware
4,Oracle software
5,Proprietary cross-platform software
6,Proprietary database management systems
7,Proprietary operating systems
8,Proprietary version control systems
9,Proprietary wiki software
10,Shareware
11,VMware
12,Warez

---

只要稍作修改，将write放在循环下，每个循环都会写入一个指向文件的链接

counter = 1
for link in links:
    print ( str(counter) + "  " + link.text)
    counter = counter + 1
    with open('subcategories.csv', 'a') as f:
        f.write(link['href'].split(':')[1]+'\n')

输出：

更好：

# do not need to open file in each loop, just put it above loop
counter = 1
with open('subcategories.csv', 'a') as f:
    for link in links:
        print ( str(counter) + "  " + link.text)
        counter = counter + 1
        f.write(link['href']+'\n')

---

你能更准确地说明这个问题吗。会发生什么？当我在python3中执行上述代码时，输出文件是空的。因此，我发布了上述问题。我通过以下答案解决了这个问题，并作为一名学习者获得了信息。对不起我的英语。除了我的语言外，我从不键入任何内容。但输出文件的第一行如下所示。“F，o，r，m，e，r，l，y，F，r，e，e，s，o，F，t，w，a，r，e”如何避免逗号？@info farmer你确定你使用了

writerows（）

？@info farmer我已经用我正在执行的完整代码更新了。希望能有帮助。在过去的一周里，我正在学习python 3。我来自非计算机科学背景。我学习了“enumerate（）的使用”，感谢上面的指导。如何在没有“/wiki/Category”的情况下完成上面的内容：“？哇！多么简单！！我曾经用这种方法删除数据。filedata=filedata.replace（'/wiki/wiki/Category:'，''）谢谢！。

counter = 1
for link in links:
    print ( str(counter) + "  " + link.text)
    counter = counter + 1
    with open('subcategories.csv', 'a') as f:
        f.write(link['href'].split(':')[1]+'\n')

/wiki/Category:Formerly_proprietary_software
/wiki/Category:Freeware
/wiki/Category:Oracle_software
/wiki/Category:Proprietary_cross-platform_software
/wiki/Category:Proprietary_database_management_systems
/wiki/Category:Proprietary_operating_systems
/wiki/Category:Proprietary_version_control_systems
/wiki/Category:Proprietary_wiki_software
/wiki/Category:Shareware
/wiki/Category:VMware
/wiki/Category:Warez

# do not need to open file in each loop, just put it above loop
counter = 1
with open('subcategories.csv', 'a') as f:
    for link in links:
        print ( str(counter) + "  " + link.text)
        counter = counter + 1
        f.write(link['href']+'\n')