Python Django测试仅在其模块单独运行时失败

我正在Django项目中运行测试，该项目名为

lucy web

。如果我运行一个简单的

python manage.py测试

，所有测试都会通过：

(venv) Kurts-MacBook-Pro:lucy-web kurtpeek$ python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
........................
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 24 tests in 22.097s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...

但是，如果我尝试运行在

lucy\u web/tests/test\u schedule\u request.py

中定义的特定测试，它将失败：

(venv) Kurts-MacBook-Pro:lucy-web kurtpeek$ python manage.py test lucy_web.tests.test_schedule_request
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
.F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_send_schedule_request (lucy_web.tests.test_schedule_request.ScheduleRequestTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/kurtpeek/Documents/Dev/lucy/lucy-web/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/freezegun/api.py", line 495, in wrapper
    result = func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/kurtpeek/Documents/Dev/lucy/lucy-web/lucy_web/tests/test_schedule_request.py", line 44, in test_send_schedule_request
    self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[0].body, expected_body)
AssertionError: 'Hi!\[17 chars]ily 1) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation a[102 chars] AM.' != 'Hi!\[17 chars]ily 12) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation [103 chars] AM.'
  Hi!

- Test Test (family 1) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation and Preferences session within the next day or two.
+ Test Test (family 12) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation and Preferences session within the next day or two.
?                    +

  Test requested this session on 01/01/12 at 09:00 AM.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 2.365s

FAILED (failures=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...

以下是

测试计划\u request.py

中定义的违规测试：

import json

from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core import mail
from django.test import Client, TestCase
from freezegun import freeze_time

from ..models import Company, Family, Package, SessionType, Session, SessionCategory

class ScheduleRequestTest(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client()
        self.url = '/api/v1.0/sessions/send_schedule_request/'

    @freeze_time("2012-01-01 17:00:00")
    def test_send_schedule_request(self):
        user = User.objects.create_user('john', 'lennon@thebeatles.com', 'johnpassword')
        user.first_name = "Test"
        user.last_name = "Test"
        user.save()
        company = Company.objects.create(name='test company')
        package = Package.objects.create(name='test package', company=company)
        family = Family.objects.create(employee_user=user, employee_first_name='Test', employee_last_name='test', employee_email='test@test.net', package=package, point_of_contact='Employee')
        category = SessionCategory.objects.create(name="Birth Prep")
        session_type = SessionType.objects.create(category=category, title='Birth Preparation and Preferences', recommended_timing='32-36 weeks', min_duration=60, max_duration=90, allow_virtual=True, allow_in_person=True, description='some stuff', what_to_expect='other stuff')
        session = Session.objects.create(session_number=1, family=family, session_type=session_type, location=Session.OTHER, other_location='spa', feedback_expert='YES', feedback_session='YES')
        self.client.login(username='john', password='johnpassword')
        response = self.client.post(self.url, json.dumps({'session_id': session.id, 'timeframe': 'within the next day or two'}), content_type="application/json")
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

        # Check that session status has been updated
        self.assertEqual(Session.objects.filter(id=session.id)[0].status, 'Times Requested')

        # Check that two emails have been sent.
        self.assertEqual(len(mail.outbox), 2)

        # Verify that the contents of the emails are correct
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[0].subject, 'LUCY: Request to Schedule Session')
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[0].from_email, settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL)
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[0].to, [settings.CUSTOMER_SERVICE_EMAIL])
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[0].reply_to, [user.email])
        expected_body = "Hi!\n\nTest Test (family 12) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation and Preferences session within the next day or two.\n\nTest requested this session on 01/01/12 at 09:00 AM."
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[0].body, expected_body)

        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[1].subject, 'LUCY: Request to Schedule Session')
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[1].from_email, settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL)
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[1].to, [user.email])
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[1].reply_to, [settings.CUSTOMER_SERVICE_EMAIL])
        expected_body = "Hi Test,\n\nWe received your request for Birth Preparation and Preferences and our team is currently working on scheduling it for you. We will confirm the expert, date & time within 48 hours (or sooner if your request was urgent) via this email address.\n\nIf you have any questions, simply reply to this email and someone from our team will get back to you ASAP!\n\nBest,\nLUCY team"
        self.assertEqual(mail.outbox[1].body, expected_body)

我已经使用

--verbosity

选项检查了在运行所有测试时该测试是否成功运行。我能想到的唯一解释是，这些测试在某种程度上并不是相互孤立的，一个测试的成功取决于另一个测试的

设置

会是这样吗？我是否需要在以前的测试用例中编写一些
tearDown
方法？或者Django是否在一个新的数据库上运行每个测试，这样就没有必要了？
似乎创建
预期的\u body
的代码引用了an
id
或其他类似字段。如果运行完整的测试套件，则在创建测试时将继续使用下一个唯一编号（在完整套件中，它将是第12个创建）

因此，单独运行测试时，它是第一次创建

创建字符串时应参考id，例如：

expected_body = "Hi!\n\nTest Test (family %s) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation and Preferences session within the next day or two.\n\nTest requested this session on 01/01/12 at 09:00 AM." % family.id

似乎创建
预期\u body
的代码引用了an
id
或其他类似字段。如果运行完整的测试套件，则在创建测试时将继续使用下一个唯一编号（在完整套件中，它将是第12个创建）

因此，单独运行测试时，它是第一次创建

创建字符串时应参考id，例如：

expected_body = "Hi!\n\nTest Test (family %s) wants to schedule a Birth Preparation and Preferences session within the next day or two.\n\nTest requested this session on 01/01/12 at 09:00 AM." % family.id

看起来您没有在每次测试后正确清理，而您的测试已经预期到了这一点。在这种特殊情况下，它预计在测试之前会有11个族。事实上，我可能应该实施
拆卸
方法来伴随
设置
方法，正如在对这个相关问题的回答中所述：看起来您在每次测试后都没有正确清理，而您的测试预计已经这样了。在这种特殊情况下，预计测试前会有11个系列。事实上，我可能应该实施
拆卸
方法来伴随
设置
方法，如对相关问题的回答中所述：