获取python中每个月的年日

我想得到一年中的第一天和最后一天，即python中每个月的一天范围

我做了如下尝试：

import datetime, numpy as np

dates = np.arange(np.datetime64('2014-01-01'), np.datetime64('2015-01-01'))

dates = [datetime.datetime.strptime(str(x),"%Y-%m-%d") for x in dates]
DayOfYears = [datetime.datetime.strptime(str(x),"%j") for x in dates]
Months = [datetime.datetime.strptime(str(x),"%B") for x in dates]

我的代码在获得年月日方面不起作用。给出值错误：未转换的数据仍然存在：4-01-01 00:00:00

最后，我必须将结果打印在以下表格中：

January 01 31
February 32 60
May 122 152
December 335 365

好方法是什么，伙计们

编辑：

您有datetime对象，因此请使用strftime，您试图解析与%j不匹配的字符串，如2014-01-01，这就是为什么会出现错误：

dayOfYears = [x.strftime("%j") for x in dates]

几个月都是一样的：

Months = [x.strftime("%B") for x in dates]

现在，日子和月份看起来像：

['001', '002', '003', '004', '005', '006', '007', '008', '009', '010', '011', '012', '013', '014', '015', '016', '017', '018', '019', '020', '021', '022', '023', '024', '025', '026', '027', '028', '029', '030', '031', '032', '033', '034', '035', '036', '037', '038', '039', '040', '041', '042', '043', '044', '045', '046', '047', '048', '049', '050', '051', '052', '053', '054', '055', '056', '057', '058', '059', '060', '061', '062', '063', '064', '065', '066', '067', '068', '069', '070', '071', '072', '073', '074', '075', '076', '077', '078', '079', '080', '081', '082', '083', '084', '085', '086', '087', '088', '089', '090', '091', '092', '093', '094', '095', '096', '097', '098', '099', '100', '101', '102', '103', '104', '105', '106', '107', '108', '109', '110', '111', '112', '113', '114', '115', '116', '117', '118', '119', '120', '121', '122', '123', '124', '125', '126', '127', '128', '129', '130', '131', '132', '133', '134', '135', '136', '137', '138', '139', '140', '141', '142', '143', '144', '145', '146', '147', '148', '149', '150', '151', '152', '153', '154', '155', '156', '157', '158', '159', '160', '161', '162', '163', '164', '165', '166', '167', '168', '169', '170', '171', '172', '173', '174', '175', '176', '177', '178', '179', '180', '181', '182', '183', '184', '185', '186', '187', '188', '189', '190', '191', '192', '193', '194', '195', '196', '197', '198', '199', '200', '201', '202', '203', '204', '205', '206', '207', '208', '209', '210', '211', '212', '213', '214', '215', '216', '217', '218', '219', '220', '221', '222', '223', '224', '225', '226', '227', '228', '229', '230', '231', '232', '233', '234', '235', '236', '237', '238', '239', '240', '241', '242', '243', '244', '245', '246', '247', '248', '249', '250', '251', '252', '253', '254', '255', '256', '257', '258', '259', '260', '261', '262', '263', '264', '265', '266', '267', '268', '269', '270', '271', '272', '273', '274', '275', '276', '277', '278', '279', '280', '281', '282', '283', '284', '285', '286', '287', '288', '289', '290', '291', '292', '293', '294', '295', '296', '297', '298', '299', '300', '301', '302', '303', '304', '305', '306', '307', '308', '309', '310', '311', '312', '313', '314', '315', '316', '317', '318', '319', '320', '321', '322', '323', '324', '325', '326', '327', '328', '329', '330', '331', '332', '333', '334', '335', '336', '337', '338', '339', '340', '341', '342', '343', '344', '345', '346', '347', '348', '349', '350', '351', '352', '353', '354', '355', '356', '357', '358', '359', '360', '361', '362', '363', '364', '365']
['January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December']

对于您的编辑，我将使用以下内容：

import calendar
input_dates = ['2014-01-01', '2014-01-02', '2014-02-03', '2014-02-04', '2014-05-05', '2014-05-06', '2014-05-07', '2014-05-08']
dates = [datetime.datetime.strptime(str(x),"%Y-%m-%d") for x in input_dates]
seen = set()
for start in dates:
    if not (start.year, start.month) in seen:
        mon = datetime.datetime(start.year, start.month, 1)
        year_day = mon.strftime("%j")
        days = calendar.monthrange(mon.year,mon.month)[1]
        print("{} {} {}".format(start.strftime("%B"), mon.strftime("%j"), days+int(year_day)))
    seen.add((start.year,start.month))

January 001 32
February 032 60
May 121 152

您有datetime对象，因此请使用strftime，您试图解析与%j不匹配的字符串，如2014-01-01，这就是为什么会出现错误：

dayOfYears = [x.strftime("%j") for x in dates]

几个月都是一样的：

Months = [x.strftime("%B") for x in dates]

现在，日子和月份看起来像：

['001', '002', '003', '004', '005', '006', '007', '008', '009', '010', '011', '012', '013', '014', '015', '016', '017', '018', '019', '020', '021', '022', '023', '024', '025', '026', '027', '028', '029', '030', '031', '032', '033', '034', '035', '036', '037', '038', '039', '040', '041', '042', '043', '044', '045', '046', '047', '048', '049', '050', '051', '052', '053', '054', '055', '056', '057', '058', '059', '060', '061', '062', '063', '064', '065', '066', '067', '068', '069', '070', '071', '072', '073', '074', '075', '076', '077', '078', '079', '080', '081', '082', '083', '084', '085', '086', '087', '088', '089', '090', '091', '092', '093', '094', '095', '096', '097', '098', '099', '100', '101', '102', '103', '104', '105', '106', '107', '108', '109', '110', '111', '112', '113', '114', '115', '116', '117', '118', '119', '120', '121', '122', '123', '124', '125', '126', '127', '128', '129', '130', '131', '132', '133', '134', '135', '136', '137', '138', '139', '140', '141', '142', '143', '144', '145', '146', '147', '148', '149', '150', '151', '152', '153', '154', '155', '156', '157', '158', '159', '160', '161', '162', '163', '164', '165', '166', '167', '168', '169', '170', '171', '172', '173', '174', '175', '176', '177', '178', '179', '180', '181', '182', '183', '184', '185', '186', '187', '188', '189', '190', '191', '192', '193', '194', '195', '196', '197', '198', '199', '200', '201', '202', '203', '204', '205', '206', '207', '208', '209', '210', '211', '212', '213', '214', '215', '216', '217', '218', '219', '220', '221', '222', '223', '224', '225', '226', '227', '228', '229', '230', '231', '232', '233', '234', '235', '236', '237', '238', '239', '240', '241', '242', '243', '244', '245', '246', '247', '248', '249', '250', '251', '252', '253', '254', '255', '256', '257', '258', '259', '260', '261', '262', '263', '264', '265', '266', '267', '268', '269', '270', '271', '272', '273', '274', '275', '276', '277', '278', '279', '280', '281', '282', '283', '284', '285', '286', '287', '288', '289', '290', '291', '292', '293', '294', '295', '296', '297', '298', '299', '300', '301', '302', '303', '304', '305', '306', '307', '308', '309', '310', '311', '312', '313', '314', '315', '316', '317', '318', '319', '320', '321', '322', '323', '324', '325', '326', '327', '328', '329', '330', '331', '332', '333', '334', '335', '336', '337', '338', '339', '340', '341', '342', '343', '344', '345', '346', '347', '348', '349', '350', '351', '352', '353', '354', '355', '356', '357', '358', '359', '360', '361', '362', '363', '364', '365']
['January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'January', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'February', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'March', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'April', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'May', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'June', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'July', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'August', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'September', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'October', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'November', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December', 'December']

对于您的编辑，我将使用以下内容：

import calendar
input_dates = ['2014-01-01', '2014-01-02', '2014-02-03', '2014-02-04', '2014-05-05', '2014-05-06', '2014-05-07', '2014-05-08']
dates = [datetime.datetime.strptime(str(x),"%Y-%m-%d") for x in input_dates]
seen = set()
for start in dates:
    if not (start.year, start.month) in seen:
        mon = datetime.datetime(start.year, start.month, 1)
        year_day = mon.strftime("%j")
        days = calendar.monthrange(mon.year,mon.month)[1]
        print("{} {} {}".format(start.strftime("%B"), mon.strftime("%j"), days+int(year_day)))
    seen.add((start.year,start.month))

January 001 32
February 032 60
May 121 152

---

谢谢你的努力，投了赞成票。但这不是一种困难的方式吗？寻找更简单、更狡猾的方法。@musk。。。你本质上是说我不想让它变得困难，我想让它变得棘手：/@A.J.是的，我想的是，如果每个元素的年和月的日期可以从dates=np.arangenp.datetime64'2014-01-01'，np.datetime64'2015-01-01'中获得，那么问题就可以解决了，对吗？但是，我的代码无法获得“%j”日和“%M”月。感谢您的尝试，向上投票。但这不是一种困难的方式吗？寻找更简单、更狡猾的方法。@musk。。。你本质上是说我不想让它变得困难，我想让它变得棘手：/@A.J.是的，我想的是，如果每个元素的年和月的日期可以从dates=np.arangenp.datetime64'2014-01-01'，np.datetime64'2015-01-01'中获得，那么问题就可以解决了，对吗？但是，我的代码无法获取“%j”日和“%M”月。