Python tree.xpath返回空列表

我试图写一个程序，可以刮一个给定的网站。到目前为止，我有：

from lxml import html
import requests

page = requests.get('https://www.cruiseplum.com/search#{"numPax":2,"geo":"US","portsMatchAll":true,"numOptionsShown":20,"ppdIncludesTaxTips":true,"uiVersion":"split","sortTableByField":"dd","sortTableOrderDesc":false,"filter":null}')

tree = html.fromstring(page.content)

date = tree.xpath('//*[@id="listingsTableSplit"]/tr[2]/td[1]/text()')

ship = tree.xpath('//*[@id="listingsTableSplit"]/tr[2]/td[2]/text()')

length = tree.xpath('//*[@id="listingsTableSplit"]/tr[2]/td[4]/text()')

meta = tree.xpath('//*[@id="listingsTableSplit"]/tr[2]/td[6]/text()')

price = tree.xpath('//*[@id="listingsTableSplit"]/tr[2]/td[7]/text()')

print('Date: ', date)
print('Ship: ', ship)
print('Length: ', length)
print('Meta: ', meta)
print('Price: ', price)

运行此操作时，列表返回空

我对python和一般的编码非常陌生，非常感谢你们能提供的任何帮助

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谢谢

问题似乎是您导航到的URL。在浏览器中导航到该URL会导致提示，询问您是否要恢复书签搜索

我没有看到一个简单的解决方法。单击“是”将导致javascript操作，而不是使用不同参数的实际重定向

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我建议您使用selenium之类的工具来实现这一点。

首先，您使用的链接不正确；这是正确的链接（单击按钮“是”（网站将下载数据并返回到此链接）后）：

其次，当您使用请求获取响应对象时，表中隐藏的内容数据不会返回：

from lxml import html
import requests

u = 'https://www.cruiseplum.com/search#{%22numPax%22:2,%22geo%22:%22US%22,%22portsMatchAll%22:true,%22numOptionsShown%22:20,%22ppdIncludesTaxTips%22:true,%22uiVersion%22:%22split%22,%22sortTableByField%22:%22dd%22,%22sortTableOrderDesc%22:false,%22filter%22:null}'
r = requests.get(u)
t = html.fromstring(r.content)

for i in t.xpath('//tr//text()'):
    print(i)

这将返回：

Recent update: new computer-optimized interface and new filters
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Date Colors:
(vs. selected)
Lowest Price
Lower Price
Same Price
Higher Price

即使使用html，内容仍然是隐藏的

from requests_html import HTMLSession
session = HTMLSession()
r = session.get(u)

您需要使用selenium访问隐藏的html内容：

from lxml import html
from selenium import webdriver
import time

u = 'https://www.cruiseplum.com/search#{%22numPax%22:2,%22geo%22:%22US%22,%22portsMatchAll%22:true,%22numOptionsShown%22:20,%22ppdIncludesTaxTips%22:true,%22uiVersion%22:%22split%22,%22sortTableByField%22:%22dd%22,%22sortTableOrderDesc%22:false,%22filter%22:null}'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"C:\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get(u)

time.sleep(2)

driver.find_element_by_id('restoreSettingsYesEncl').click()
time.sleep(10) #wait until the website downoad data, without this we can't move on

elem = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*")
source_code = elem.get_attribute("innerHTML")

t = html.fromstring(source_code)

for i in t.xpath('//td[@class="dc-table-column _1"]/text()'):
    print(i.strip())

driver.quit()

返回第一列（容器名称）：

如您所见，现在使用selenium的get\u属性（“innerHTML”）访问表中的内容

下一步是刮取行（船只、路线、日期、地区…）并将其存储在csv文件（或任何其他格式）中，

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然后对所有4051页执行此操作。

您是否设法缩小了问题的范围？如果您对python和一般编码都是新手，那么我建议您在开始时避免web抓取。首先，您可以学习编程的基础知识，然后尝试使用web抓取库。您熟悉网页、DOM、xpath、css、javascript吗？感谢您的回复，但这没有帮助：）

from lxml import html
from selenium import webdriver
import time

u = 'https://www.cruiseplum.com/search#{%22numPax%22:2,%22geo%22:%22US%22,%22portsMatchAll%22:true,%22numOptionsShown%22:20,%22ppdIncludesTaxTips%22:true,%22uiVersion%22:%22split%22,%22sortTableByField%22:%22dd%22,%22sortTableOrderDesc%22:false,%22filter%22:null}'
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"C:\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get(u)

time.sleep(2)

driver.find_element_by_id('restoreSettingsYesEncl').click()
time.sleep(10) #wait until the website downoad data, without this we can't move on

elem = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*")
source_code = elem.get_attribute("innerHTML")

t = html.fromstring(source_code)

for i in t.xpath('//td[@class="dc-table-column _1"]/text()'):
    print(i.strip())

driver.quit()

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