Python Django Rest框架和JSONField
给定一个带有a的Django模型,使用a序列化和反序列化它的正确方法是什么 我已经尝试装入自定义的Python Django Rest框架和JSONField,python,django,django-models,django-rest-framework,Python,Django,Django Models,Django Rest Framework,给定一个带有a的Django模型,使用a序列化和反序列化它的正确方法是什么 我已经尝试装入自定义的序列化程序。WritableField并将重写为\u native和从\u native: from json_field.fields import JSONEncoder, JSONDecoder from rest_framework import serializers class JSONFieldSerializer(serializers.WritableField): de
序列化程序。WritableField
并将重写为\u native
和从\u native
:
from json_field.fields import JSONEncoder, JSONDecoder
from rest_framework import serializers
class JSONFieldSerializer(serializers.WritableField):
def to_native(self, obj):
return json.dumps(obj, cls = JSONEncoder)
def from_native(self, data):
return json.loads(data, cls = JSONDecoder)
但是,当我尝试使用partial=True
更新模型时,JSONField对象中的所有浮动都会变成字符串。在2.4.x中:
from rest_framework import serializers # get from https://gist.github.com/rouge8/5445149
class WritableJSONField(serializers.WritableField):
def to_native(self, obj):
return obj
class MyModelSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
my_json_field = WritableJSONField() # you need this.
serializers.WritableField已弃用。这项工作:
from rest_framework import serializers
from website.models import Picture
class PictureSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
json = serializers.SerializerMethodField('clean_json')
class Meta:
model = Picture
fields = ('id', 'json')
def clean_json(self, obj):
return obj.json
如果您使用的是Django Rest Framework>=3.3,那么JSONField序列化程序是。现在这是正确的方法
如果您使用的是Django Rest框架<3.0,那么请参阅gzerone的答案 如果您使用的是DRF3.0-3.2,并且无法升级,并且不需要序列化二进制数据,那么请按照以下说明操作 首先声明一个字段类:
from rest_framework import serializers
class JSONSerializerField(serializers.Field):
""" Serializer for JSONField -- required to make field writable"""
def to_internal_value(self, data):
return data
def to_representation(self, value):
return value
然后将字段添加到模型中,如
class MySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
json_data = JSONSerializerField()
而且,如果您确实需要序列化二进制数据,您可以随时复制Mark Chackerian脚本,因为它对我不起作用,我会强制进行json转换:
import json
class JSONSerializerField(serializers.Field):
""" Serializer for JSONField -- required to make field writable"""
def to_internal_value(self, data):
json_data = {}
try:
json_data = json.loads(data)
except ValueError, e:
pass
finally:
return json_data
def to_representation(self, value):
return value
很好。使用Django 1.8中的DRF 3.15和JSonfield如果并且仅当您知道JSON内容的第一级样式(列表或Dict),您可以使用DRF内置或 例: 它可以很好地使用
GET/PUT/PATCH/POST
,包括嵌套的内容。对于记录,如果您使用的是PostgreSQL,那么这个“仅起作用”,并且您的模型字段是一个django.contrib.postgres.JSONField
我使用的是PostgreSQL 9.4、Django 1.9和Django REST Framework 3.3.2
我以前使用过这里列出的其他几种解决方案,但能够删除额外的代码
示例模型:
class Account(models.Model):
id = UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid_nodash)
data = JSONField(blank=True, default="")
示例序列化程序:
class AccountSerializer(BaseSerializer):
id = serializers.CharField()
class Meta:
model = Account
fields = ('id','data')
示例视图:
class AccountViewSet(
viewsets.GenericViewSet,
mixins.CreateModelMixin,
mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
mixins.ListModelMixin,
mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
mixins.DestroyModelMixin
):
model = Account
queryset = Account.objects.all()
serializer_class = AccountSerializer
filter_fields = ['id', 'data']
如果您使用的是mysql(还没有尝试过其他数据库),那么使用DRF的新JSONField
和Mark Chackerian建议的JSONSerializerField
将json保存为{u'foo':u'bar'}
字符串。
如果您更愿意将其保存为{“foo”:“bar”}
,这对我很有用:
import json
class JSONField(serializers.Field):
def to_representation(self, obj):
return json.loads(obj)
def to_internal_value(self, data):
return json.dumps(data)
如果您想使用JSONField for mysql,这是在django mysql中完成的,并且serializer在前一天已经修复[1],还没有发布 [1] setting.py 加:
'django_mysql',
models.py
DRF为我们提供了二进制数据的内置字段“JSONField”,但JSON
只有当您将“binary”标志设置为True,然后将其转换为utf-8并加载JSON有效负载时,才会验证有效负载,否则仅验证有效负载
将它们视为字符串(如果发送了无效的json)或json,并验证两者
即使您创建了JSONField,也不会出错
谢谢你的帮助。这是我最后用来渲染它的代码
class JSONSerializerField(serializers.Field):
"""Serializer for JSONField -- required to make field writable"""
def to_representation(self, value):
json_data = {}
try:
json_data = json.loads(value)
except ValueError as e:
raise e
finally:
return json_data
def to_internal_value(self, data):
return json.dumps(data)
class AnyModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
field = JSONSerializerField()
class Meta:
model = SomeModel
fields = ('field',)
要从请求序列化数据,可以使用serializers.ModelSerializer 序列化程序.py
from rest_framwork import serializers
class FinalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=Student
fields='__all__'
import io
from yourappname.serializers import FinalSerializer #replace your app name
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,MultiPartParser,FormParser
from rest_framework.response import Response
class DataList(APIView):
parser_classes = (JSONParser,MultiPartParser,FormParser) #If you are using postman
renderer_classes = (JSONRenderer,)
#Serialize
def get(self,request,format=None):
all_data=Student.objects.all()
serializer=FinalSerializer(all_data,many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)#Will return serialized json data,makes sure you have data in your model
#Deserialize
#Not tried this function but it will work
#from django documentation
def djson(self,request,format=None):
stream = io.BytesIO(json)
data = JSONParser().parse(stream)
serializer = FinalSerializer(data=data)
serializer.is_valid()
serializer.validated_data
视图.py
from rest_framwork import serializers
class FinalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=Student
fields='__all__'
import io
from yourappname.serializers import FinalSerializer #replace your app name
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,MultiPartParser,FormParser
from rest_framework.response import Response
class DataList(APIView):
parser_classes = (JSONParser,MultiPartParser,FormParser) #If you are using postman
renderer_classes = (JSONRenderer,)
#Serialize
def get(self,request,format=None):
all_data=Student.objects.all()
serializer=FinalSerializer(all_data,many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)#Will return serialized json data,makes sure you have data in your model
#Deserialize
#Not tried this function but it will work
#from django documentation
def djson(self,request,format=None):
stream = io.BytesIO(json)
data = JSONParser().parse(stream)
serializer = FinalSerializer(data=data)
serializer.is_valid()
serializer.validated_data
我建议不要使用JSONField作为类名,因为它会与另一个class.fixmycode冲突,谢谢您对类名的建议。嗯…,这只是一个示例代码,它是从中复制的,所以您可以随意更改它。但是我认为@Tzach,'jsonfielserializer'对于'serializers.writeablefield'的子类不是一个合适的名称。看起来JSonfielSerializer和MyModelSerializer是相同的东西。希望听到您的意见。谢谢@gzone的评论。我承认我没有太注意新的类名。只是不想引起冲突。
jsonwriteablefield
对您来说更合适吗?或者writeablejsonfield,;)这仅对Django Rest Framework版本2有效。对于版本3,请参见Mark Chackerian的答案。是。如果您有一个要序列化的对象,您只需要读取它。这不会修改您正在序列化的原始对象。您如何将此序列化器字段与模型的JSonfield集成?你使用ModelSerializer吗?我使用的是序列化程序。序列化程序
,但是使用ModelSerializer
应该可以工作。注意,这确实适用于使用DRF 3.2的ModelSerializer
。奇怪的是,它的排名很低。在客户端,我必须用补丁传递{“field”:JSON.stringify(data),…}。默认jquery$.ajax调用将每个值分解为长键,如“field[key1][key2][etc]”:value。
import io
from yourappname.serializers import FinalSerializer #replace your app name
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,MultiPartParser,FormParser
from rest_framework.response import Response
class DataList(APIView):
parser_classes = (JSONParser,MultiPartParser,FormParser) #If you are using postman
renderer_classes = (JSONRenderer,)
#Serialize
def get(self,request,format=None):
all_data=Student.objects.all()
serializer=FinalSerializer(all_data,many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)#Will return serialized json data,makes sure you have data in your model
#Deserialize
#Not tried this function but it will work
#from django documentation
def djson(self,request,format=None):
stream = io.BytesIO(json)
data = JSONParser().parse(stream)
serializer = FinalSerializer(data=data)
serializer.is_valid()
serializer.validated_data