Python Django静态路径设置不正确

我正在努力学习Django， 在settings.py中，我设置了：

MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/media'

MEDIA_URL = 'media/'

STATIC_ROOT = '/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static'

STATIC_URL = '/static/'


STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    '/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static',)

我有我的css文件在我的

/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static/css/default.css

但当我尝试访问网页时，它不会加载css，并给出错误信息

"NetworkError: 500 Internal Server Error - http://localhost:8000/static/css/default.css"

我是新手，所以我不明白我的根目录是什么。首先运行什么以及Django如何尝试查找资源。如果有人能引导我度过这一关，那就太好了

---

---

哥们，哥们，我只是想尝试一下，事情就这样发生了。我将我的

static

文件夹重命名为

staticfiles

，然后在

staticfiles\u DIRS

中替换了

'/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static/'，

到

'/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/staticfiles/'，

的路径，它成功了<我不知道为什么。有人能解释一下吗

python manage.py runserver的输出——回溯

hussain@jarvis:~/django/ratingsite$ python manage.py runserver --traceback
Validating models...

0 errors found
December 08, 2013 - 01:48:39
Django version 1.5.4, using settings 'ratingsite.settings'
Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
[08/Dec/2013 01:48:41] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 930
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 85, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 73, in __call__
    return super(StaticFilesHandler, self).__call__(environ, start_response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 255, in __call__
    response = self.get_response(request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 63, in get_response
    return self.serve(request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 56, in serve
    return serve(request, self.file_path(request.path), insecure=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/views.py", line 38, in serve
    absolute_path = finders.find(normalized_path)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 238, in find
    for finder in get_finders():
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 253, in get_finders
    yield get_finder(finder_path)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 31, in wrapper
    result = func(*args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 275, in _get_finder
    return Finder()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 62, in __init__
    "The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should "
ImproperlyConfigured: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting
[08/Dec/2013 01:48:42] "GET /static/css/default.css HTTP/1.1" 500 59
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 85, in run
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 85, in run
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
    self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 73, in __call__
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 73, in __call__
    return super(StaticFilesHandler, self).__call__(environ, start_response)
    return super(StaticFilesHandler, self).__call__(environ, start_response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 255, in __call__
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 255, in __call__
    response = self.get_response(request)
    response = self.get_response(request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 63, in get_response
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 63, in get_response
    return self.serve(request)
    return self.serve(request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 56, in serve
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 56, in serve
    return serve(request, self.file_path(request.path), insecure=True)
    return serve(request, self.file_path(request.path), insecure=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/views.py", line 38, in serve
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/views.py", line 38, in serve
    absolute_path = finders.find(normalized_path)
    absolute_path = finders.find(normalized_path)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 238, in find
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 238, in find
    for finder in get_finders():
    for finder in get_finders():
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 253, in get_finders
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 253, in get_finders
    yield get_finder(finder_path)
    yield get_finder(finder_path)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 31, in wrapper
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 31, in wrapper
    result = func(*args)
    result = func(*args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 275, in _get_finder
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 275, in _get_finder
    return Finder()
    return Finder()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 62, in __init__
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 62, in __init__
    "The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should "
    "The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should "
ImproperlyConfigured: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting
ImproperlyConfigured: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting

您是否已将以下内容添加到
url.py

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # ... the rest of your URLconf goes here ...
) + static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)

按照此处的说明：


尽管您得到了一个
500
错误，这表明存在另一个问题

其输出是什么？：

$ python manage.py validate --traceback

这是否说明了其他类型的错误


以下各项的产出情况如何：

$ python manage.py shell

>>> from django.conf import settings
>>> print(settings.STATICFILES_DIRS)


由于返回的是
500
，而不是预期的
404
，您可以运行：

$ python manage.py runserver --traceback

。。。然后查看加载网页时回溯历史记录返回的内容。
这现在是有意义的

问题是，正如stacktrace中所述：

ImproperlyConfigured: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting

根据您的初始配置：

STATIC_ROOT = '/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
   '/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static',)

您不会发现这两个目录都指向完全相同的目录。由于下述原因，这是不允许的

当您更改其中一个配置的位置时，
配置不当
错误已修复（因此它们不再相同）

这里的解决方案是：


创建一个不同的
STATIC\u ROOT
目录（我们称之为类似
/public/STATIC/
）不要将任何文件放在该目录中。当您的站点准备发布时，所有静态文件都会自动收集到该目录中

将您正在开发的文件的位置放在
静态文件\u DIRS
中


当您准备发布项目时，您可以运行
$./manage.py collectstatic
，它将遍历项目使用的所有应用程序和静态文件目录，并在
static\u ROOT
目录中编译一组您需要的“最终”静态文件，以便与完成的站点一起发布

如果您的
STATIC\u ROOT
目录包含在通过
collectstatic
的目录中，显然会有一个递归循环。
在
STATICFILES\u DIRS
中指定的路径实际上被用作静态文件的输入位置，即当您运行
collectstatic
时，文件将从其中提取到
STATIC\u ROOT
的路径。在你的情况下，他们都是一样的。@AshwiniChaudhary那么我错在哪里呢？为什么它不工作？您的系统上的
default.css
的位置是什么？您使用的是哪个版本的Django？这可能因版本而异。@AshwiniChaudhary/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/static/css/default.cssYes确实添加了静态URL和文档根，并且
$python manage.py validate--traceback
给出了
发现的0个错误（'/home/hussain/django/ratingsite/ratingsite/ratingsite/static/'））您能否确认仍然收到“
500内部服务器错误”
”。。。如果您的静态设置有问题，这将返回一个“
404
”。是的，它给出了
”网络错误：500内部服务器错误-http://localhost:8000/static/css/default.css“
谢谢。你帮了很多忙。这就是我想要的答案，一个解释为什么它不起作用。谢谢你能给我介绍一些关于Django的好教程吗。我试着阅读官方教程和djnagobooks，但对于这样的问题不是很清楚。