从Python 2移动到3：必须重新安装NLTK目录吗？

当从Python2移动到Python3时，我知道我必须重新安装Python3的NLTK，但是是否也需要重新安装massive目录

我使用的是MacOS10.12.5，我一直在Sublime3中使用Python2.7。我现在正转向Python3，有时在Sublimit3中工作，有时在Jupyter笔记本中工作。问题是我为2.7安装了NLTK，但现在我要迁移到3，我不想为Python3重新安装庞大的NLTK目录。所以我想知道是否有可能并且很容易安装NLTK for 3，但仍然使用整个解析器/语料库/等等。我已经有了

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感谢您的帮助，如果可能的话，请指导教程

NLTK数据目录保持不变，因此无需重新安装数据

但是Python2和Python3的代码在python的dist包中的驻留方式不同

因此，您只需使用

pip

和

pip3

安装

nltk

：

pip install -U nltk
pip3 install -U nltk

但您只需安装

nltk_data

目录一次，例如：

# Let's delete the existing nltk_data directory and start afresh:
alvas@ubi:~$ ls nltk_data/
chunkers  grammars  misc    sentiment  taggers
corpora   help      models  stemmers   tokenizers
alvas@ubi:~$ rm nltk_data/ 

# Install the NLTK code for pip3 (Python3) and pip (Python2)
alvas@ubi:~$ pip3 install -U nltk
Requirement already up-to-date: nltk in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages
Requirement already up-to-date: six in ./.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages (from nltk)

alvas@ubi:~$ pip2 install -U nltk
Requirement already up-to-date: nltk in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Requirement already up-to-date: six in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from nltk)


# Now, download the NLTK directory in Python2

alvas@ubi:~$ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Nov 19 2016, 06:48:10) 
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import nltk
>>> nltk.download('popular')
[nltk_data] Downloading collection u'popular'
[nltk_data]    | 
...
[nltk_data]    | Downloading package averaged_perceptron_tagger to
[nltk_data]    |     /home/alvas/nltk_data...
[nltk_data]    |   Unzipping taggers/averaged_perceptron_tagger.zip.
[nltk_data]    | 
[nltk_data]  Done downloading collection popular
True

# Now in Python3, when we try to re-download the nltk_data directory
# We see that it doesn't re-download it =)

>>> import nltk
>>> nltk.download('popular')
[nltk_data] Downloading collection 'popular'
[nltk_data]    | 
[nltk_data]    | Downloading package cmudict to
[nltk_data]    |     /home/alvas/nltk_data...
[nltk_data]    |   Package cmudict is already up-to-date!
...
[nltk_data]    |     /home/alvas/nltk_data...
[nltk_data]    |   Package averaged_perceptron_tagger is already up-
[nltk_data]    |       to-date!
[nltk_data]    | 
[nltk_data]  Done downloading collection popular
True

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我可以下载Python2的Python包并使其在Python3中工作吗？

不幸的是，没有。在Python2中安装包/库独立于Python3的环境，反之亦然。这不仅适用于

nltk

，也适用于其他库

不要把Python3看作是Python2的更高版本，把它们看作是两种不同的语言；P