Python 如何通过管道对作为子流程一起工作的模块进行单元测试？

我正在写一个作为脚本管理器的程序。它由3部分组成：

客户端-接收要从服务器运行的脚本名称

管理器-管理正在运行的脚本。使用管道中传输的json从客户端接收它们

scrips-

.py

脚本，可在项目中的

插件

目录下找到 需要注意的重要一点是，所有3个组件都作为进程同时运行（因为我可以在接受和执行播放音乐脚本的同时运行报警脚本）

因为它由3个相互作用的独立部分组成，我不知道如何为它编写适当的单元测试

因此，我的问题是：

我如何才能为此编写好的单元测试

这是一个设计问题吗？如果是的话，我做错了什么？我应该做什么来修复它

以下是上述组件的大部分代码：

客户

class MessageReceiver:

    def __init__(self):
        '''
        Connect to the AMQP broker and starts listening for messages.
        Creates the a Popen object to pass command info to the addon_manager script (which
        is in charge of managing scripts)
        '''
        addon_manager_path = configuration.addon_manager_path()
        addon_manager_path = os.path.join(addon_manager_path,'addon_manager.py')
        execute = "python " + addon_manager_path
        self.addon_manager = subprocess.Popen(execute, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)


        self.component_name= configuration.get_attribute("name")

        if len(sys.argv)>1:
            host_ip = sys.argv[1]
        else:
            host_ip = 'localhost'

        #Start a connection to the AMQP server
        self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host=host_ip))

        #Create a channel to the server
        self.channel = self.connection.channel()

        self.channel.queue_declare(queue="example")

        #callback method to be called when data is received
        #It sends the data that is received by the client to the addon_manager
        def data_received(ch, method, properties, body):
            ##TODO: Might want to add some checks. Is body a JSON? etc.
            print("GOT IT")
            self.addon_manager.communicate(body)


        self.channel.basic_consume(data_received,queue='example',no_ack=True)

        self.channel.start_consuming()

经理

class AddonManager:

    def __init__(self):
        self.command_analyzer = analyzer.Analyzer(configuration.get_attribute("commands"))
        self.active_addons = {}


    def activate_addon(self,command,json_data):
        child_popen = self.command_analyzer.execute_command(command,json_data)
        self.active_addons[analyzer.intent(json_data)] = child_popen


    def communicate_with_addon(self,command,json_data,json_string):
        child_popen = self.active_addons[analyzer.intent(json_data)]

        #Child process hasn't finished running
        if child_popen.returncode is None:
            #Send data to child to process if he wants to
            child_popen.stdin.write(json_string)

        else:
            #Process finished running. Can't send it anything. delete it. (deleting the Popen instance also kills zombie process)
            del self.active_addons[analyzer.intent(json_data)]
            self.activate_addon(command,json_data)


    def get_input(self):
        """
        Reads command from stdin, returns its JSON form
        """
        json_string = sys.stdin.read()
        json_data =json.loads(json_string)
        print(json_data)
        return json_data


    def accept_commands(self):
        while True:
            json_data = self.get_input()
            command = self.command_analyzer.is_command(json_data) # Check wether the command exists. Return it if it does
            #The command exists
            if command is not None:
                #The addon is not currently active
                if analyzer.intent(json_data) not in self.active_addons:
                    self.activate_addon(command,json_data)

                #The addon is active and so we need to send the data to the subprocess
                else:
                    self.communicate_with_addon(command,json_data,json_string)


manager = AddonManager()
manager.accept_commands()

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什么是集成测试还是单元测试？这两种类型相差甚远。单元测试不需要任何其他部分；测试代码之外的任何内容都会被模拟、编写脚本以产生特定的响应。@MartijnPieters-你说得对。我的错。我对单元测试感兴趣。我认为集成测试更接近acc在这种情况下，接受测试（从某种意义上说，我只需要运行它，看看它是否有效）me认为两者都做一点是有用的。（不熟悉python）为了编写适当的单元测试，您需要模拟stdin和stdout。或者（我通常更喜欢）将有趣的代码放在外部没有DEP的方法中进行测试。