R 基于字符串中多个单词的精确匹配转换新列

我有一个数据框：

df <- data.frame(
  Otherspp = c("suck SD", "BT", "SD RS", "RSS"),
  Dominantspp = c("OM", "OM", "RSS", "CH"),
  Commonspp = c(" ", " ", " ", "OM"),
  Rarespp = c(" ", " ", "SD", "NP"),
  NP = rep("northern pikeminnow|NORTHERN PIKEMINNOW|np|NP|npm|NPM", 4),
  OM = rep("steelhead|STEELHEAD|rainbow trout|RAINBOW TROUT|st|ST|rb|RB|om|OM", 4),
  RSS = rep("redside shiner|REDSIDE SHINER|rs|RS|rss|RSS", 4),
  suck = rep("suckers|SUCKERS|sucker|SUCKER|suck|SUCK|su|SU|ss|SS", 4)
) 

结果：在第三行中，“suck”和“RSS”都收到一个“1”

---

使用相同方法解决问题的最快方法是在每个正则表达式的开头和结尾添加单词边界，使用

\\b

：

df <- data.frame(
  Otherspp = c("suck SD", "BT", "SD RS", "RSS"),
  Dominantspp = c("OM", "OM", "RSS", "CH"),
  Commonspp = c(" ", " ", " ", "OM"),
  Rarespp = c(" ", " ", "SD", "NP"),
  NP = rep("\\b(northern pikeminnow|NORTHERN PIKEMINNOW|np|NP|npm|NPM)\\b", 4),
  OM = rep("\\b(steelhead|STEELHEAD|rainbow trout|RAINBOW TROUT|st|ST|rb|RB|om|OM\\b)", 4),
  RSS = rep("\\b(redside shiner|REDSIDE SHINER|rs|RS|rss|RSS)\\b", 4),
  suck = rep("\\b(suckers|SUCKERS|sucker|SUCKER|suck|SUCK|su|SU|ss|SS)\\b", 4),
  stringsAsFactors = FALSE
)

这将导致：

   row        type code
1    1 Dominantspp   om
2    1    Otherspp suck
3    1    Otherspp   sd
4    2 Dominantspp   om
5    2    Otherspp   bt
6    3 Dominantspp  rss
7    3    Otherspp   sd
8    3    Otherspp   rs
9    3     Rarespp   sd
10   4   Commonspp   om
11   4 Dominantspp   ch
12   4    Otherspp  rss
13   4     Rarespp   np

---

此时，代码更易于使用（您不再需要正则表达式）。例如，您可以

internal\u将它连接到fish代码表中。
您能为上述测试用例提供您预期的正确结果吗？为了澄清，当四个（其他SPP、主要SPP等）中的任何一个匹配该正则表达式时，您希望在相应列中使用0还是1？我用所需的输出（@StuartAllen）更新了post. 我想要一个1，表示该物种的“存在”，0表示不存在（@David Robinson）。按照您描述的标准，您的原始输出是正确的，因为“吮吸”中的SS与第三行和第四行中的“RSS”匹配（分别在Dominantspp和Otherspp中）啊，现在我明白您关于匹配完整单词的意思了。我会尝试一下这种方法，看看它是否适用于我更大的数据集。
  NP OM RSS suck
1  0  1   0    1
2  0  1   0    0
3  0  0   1    0
4  1  1   1    0

df <- data.frame(
  Otherspp = c("suck SD", "BT", "SD RS", "RSS"),
  Dominantspp = c("OM", "OM", "RSS", "CH"),
  Commonspp = c(" ", " ", " ", "OM"),
  Rarespp = c(" ", " ", "SD", "NP"),
  NP = rep("\\b(northern pikeminnow|NORTHERN PIKEMINNOW|np|NP|npm|NPM)\\b", 4),
  OM = rep("\\b(steelhead|STEELHEAD|rainbow trout|RAINBOW TROUT|st|ST|rb|RB|om|OM\\b)", 4),
  RSS = rep("\\b(redside shiner|REDSIDE SHINER|rs|RS|rss|RSS)\\b", 4),
  suck = rep("\\b(suckers|SUCKERS|sucker|SUCKER|suck|SUCK|su|SU|ss|SS)\\b", 4),
  stringsAsFactors = FALSE
)

library(tidyr)
library(tidytext)

row_codes <- df %>%
  select(Otherspp:Rarespp) %>%
  mutate(row = row_number()) %>%
  gather(type, codes, -row) %>%
  unnest_tokens(code, codes, token = "regex", pattern = " ")

   row        type code
1    1 Dominantspp   om
2    1    Otherspp suck
3    1    Otherspp   sd
4    2 Dominantspp   om
5    2    Otherspp   bt
6    3 Dominantspp  rss
7    3    Otherspp   sd
8    3    Otherspp   rs
9    3     Rarespp   sd
10   4   Commonspp   om
11   4 Dominantspp   ch
12   4    Otherspp  rss
13   4     Rarespp   np