Ruby on rails FactoryGirl外键空白

我的产品模型有外键约束，我正试图使用Rspec和FactoryGirl对此进行测试，但是当我尝试这样做时，我不断得到以下错误：

Failure/Error: @product = FactoryGirl.create(:product)
    ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
     Validation failed: Products category can't be blank, Products department can't be blank

工厂

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :category do
   category_name "Trousers"
   slug "trousers"
   products_attributes { [ FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:product) ]}
 end

 factory :department do
  department_name "mens"
  slug "mens"
 end

 factory :product do
   sequence(:name)  {|n| "Foo#{n}" }
   price 9999
   description "I am a foobar"
   slug "foo"
   image Rails.root.join("spec/fixtures/images/boom.jpg").open
   department
   category
 end

产品模型

 class Product < ActiveRecord::Base
  extend FriendlyId

  friendly_id :name, use: :slugged
  has_attached_file :image

  attr_accessible :ranges, :name, :price, :description, :category_id, :slug, :image,   :image_file_name, :department_id, :sizings_attributes
      attr_accessor :ranges

  belongs_to :category
      belongs_to :department
  has_many :sizings, :dependent => :destroy
  has_many :sizes, :through => :sizings
  has_many :basket_items
      before_save :downcase_name

      validates_presence_of :price
      validates :price, :numericality => true
      validates_presence_of :name
      validates_uniqueness_of :name
      validates_presence_of :description
      validates_attachment_presence :image
      validates :category_id, :presence => true
      validates :department_id, :presence => true

---

您的

部门

和

类别

模型是否正在验证您是否尝试使用

FactoryGirl

而不是通过关联创建它们？是的，它们是在其他规范中创建的。请尝试删除

产品属性{[FactoryGirl.attributes\u for（：product）]}

行。首先，为什么要有这条线？删除它有效吗？如果通过产品工厂创建类别本身，我不明白为什么需要嵌套属性。如果您在其他测试中使用属性，那么请尝试使用。是的，删除它是有效的，因为它不再使用，所以不需要在那里。

feature 'Product' do
   context "when logged in" do
    before(:each) do
      @product = FactoryGirl.create(:product)
        @user = FactoryGirl.create(:user)
        @size = FactoryGirl.create(:size)
        @sizing = FactoryGirl.create(:sizing)
        visit new_user_session_path
        fill_in "Email", :with => @user.email 
        fill_in "Password", :with => @user.password
        click_button "Sign in"
            page.should have_content("Signed in successfully.")
    end

    scenario "creation" do
        visit '/admin/products/new'
        fill_in "Name", :with => "Foo" 
        fill_in "Description", :with => "Baz" 
        fill_in "Price", :with => 1000
        attach_file "Image", Rails.root.join('spec', 'fixtures', 'images', 'boom.jpg')
        find(:xpath, "//option[1]",  :match => :first ).click
        fill_in "product_sizings_attributes_0_quantity", :with => 10
        click_button "Create Product"
        page.has_xpath?("/html/body/div[2]/p")
  end